Ionic liquid mediated nano-composite polymer gel electrolyte for rechargeable battery application

ABSTRACT

Nano-composite polymer gel electrolytes (NPGEs) based on polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) PVdF-HFP, ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide BMIMTFSI, Li-salt along with the addition of SiO₂ nanoparticles have been synthesized and characterized by various techniques. Prepared NPGEs show high room temperature ionic conductivity (~10^?3 S/cm) and have a wide electrochemical window (ECW) (~3.3–3.5 V). The galvanostatic charge/discharge profile was studied by sandwiching best performing NPGEs between a LiFePO₄ cathode and lithium metal anode. The specific discharge capacity of the cell (Li/NPGE/LiFePO₄) room temperature at 0.1C rate is found to be 138 mAh/g.     

炼油与化工一体化 有效利用原油资源--从多种化学反应剖析多产石化产品途径

介绍了炼油过程中多产石油化工原料的有关工艺技术,从化学结构转化角度阐明了理论依据.由于原油特别是重油中丰富的烷基碳、环烷碳和芳碳资源均能通过一定途径转化为低碳烯碳以及芳碳,其潜在资源超过单纯依靠石脑油所能提供的数量,因而在经济合理和技术可行的原则下尽量提高其转化率成为当前炼油-化工一体化的研究热点.     

Viscosity of compressed cold lake bitumen

Viscosity data over a temperature range of 37-115°C and a pressure range of 0-10 MPa gauge are presented for a Cold Lake bitumen sample. These data show that the compression of Cold Lake bitumen results in a significant increase in its viscosity. Results are compared with those from a similar study on an Athabasca bitumen sample. Also presented are two correlations for the effects of pressure and temperature on the viscosity of Cold Lake bitumen.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定电缆绝缘护套中的铅

提出了用空气—乙炔原子吸收光谱法测定电缆绝缘护套中的铅含量。铅在0.00~11.00μg.ml-1(r=0.9991)范围内有良好的线性关系。本法的RSD≤3.17%,回收率在97.2%~103.2%之间。     

湿法磷酸过滤设备和管道结垢原因分析及控制研究

分析湿法磷酸过滤设备与管道结垢的主要原因是氟硅酸钾、钠盐因磷酸液相温度下降而沉积下来。提出采用添加剂,抑制或提前析出氟硅酸钾、钠盐,同时进行了5种添加剂的实验室研究:均有较好的阻垢效果,但最终选择添加剂E(氟硅酸),阻垢率可达70%以上,添加量以0.5g/100g磷矿为宜。     

Reactant induced restructuring and corrosion of germanium-palladium catalysts during hydrogenation reactions

An anomalous rate enhancement with increasing conversion has been observed during the liquid phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and crotonaldehyde over Ge/Pd/C catalysts at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and electrochemical measurement of the oxidation state of catalysts during reaction revealed that the bimetallic particles were partially oxidized by the reactants, which resulted in Ge-dissolution and increased exposure of Pd on the surface. It is proposed that the surface and bulk composition of Ge/Pd catalysts are a function of their oxidation state. This behaviour is due to the unusually high mobility of Ge in the Pd lattice and to the good solubility of GeO₂ in polar solvents. The influence of hydrogen transport on the corrosion process and the stability of other X/Pd type bimetallic catalysts during liquid phase hydrogenation are also discussed.     

Simulation studies on the fuel electrode of a H2---O2 polymer electrolyte fuel cell

The macro-homogeneous porous electrode theory is used to develop a model which describes the catalyst layer of the hydrogen electrode formed by catalyst particles that are bonded to the membrane. The water transport in the catalyst layer and polymer electrolyte membrane is considered. The effects of catalyst layer structure parameters such as polymer volume fraction, catalyst layer thickness, platinum loading and reactant gas humidity as well as CO poison on the hydrogen electrode behavior are examined. The results show that the catalyst layer thickness has a significant effect on the electrode performance. A thicker catalyst layer will result in a larger ohmic voltage loss and higher catalyst cost. The optimal polymer volume fraction and catalyst layer thickness are 0.5 and 1.5–4 μm, respectively, for this electrode. An optimal platinum surface coverage on carbon need not exceed 20% (20 wt% Pt/C). Larger platinum coverage will increase the cost, but only slightly enhance the electrode performance.     

关于生产精制元明粉的探讨

介绍了以山西运城南风自产芒硝为原料生产精制元明粉的几种工艺,以及国内外精制元明粉的市场及生产状况.精制工艺包括化学除杂法、原料优选法、重结晶法.结果表明,精制元明粉的生产过程实质是一个除杂、提纯过程：对于钙离子含量高的原料,可采用化学除杂法;对于氯离子含量高的原料,可采用氯离子富集法、冷冻法或洗涤法;镁离子较难去除,可采用水硝洗涤、冷冻法.     

Growth of sculptured polymer submicronwire assemblies by vapor deposition

We have grown helical nanowire assemblies of parylene C, thereby demonstrating that polymeric sculptured thin films (STFs) can be fabricated by a combination of physical and chemical vapor deposition processes. The deposition method is explained in detail and electron micrographs of 200-400 nm size sculptured thin film of parylene are given. The shapes of the submicron and nanowire assemblies can be engineered so that the polymeric STF acts as a template for preferential attachment of biomolecules.     

Supported Molybdenum Carbides Lie Between Metallic and Sulfided Catalysts for Deep HDS

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene on alumina-supported Mo₂C has been studied. These catalysts are stable and active under deep HDS conditions (0-250 wt ppm S). However, although they are well known to have hydrogenation properties, they lead preferentially to a non-hydrogenated product of the HDS reaction: dimethylbiphenyl. For the same reaction, supported platinum and sulfided molybdenum oxide lead to the hydrogenated products dimethyldicyclohexyl and methylcyclohexyltoluene, respectively. The ranking of HDS activity is as follows: MoS₂/Al₂O₃ < Mo₂C/Al₂O₃ < Pt/SiO₂.