Influences of denucleation on contact force of facet joints under whole body vibration

To investigate the influence of the injured disc, frequency, load and damping on the facet contact forces of the low lumbar spine on the condition of whole body vibration, a detailed 3-D nonlinear finite element model was created based on the actual geometrical data of embalmed vertebrae of lumbar spine. The denucleation and facetectomy, together with removal of the capsular ligaments was employed to mimic the injury conditions of lumbar spine after surgery. The compression cyclic force was assumed to mimic the dynamic loads of transport vehicles. The results show that the high frequency vibration might increase both of the value and the vibration amplitude of facet contact forces of the lumbar spine under whole body vibration. The nucleus removal may increase significantly the facet contact forces. Although damping can decrease the vibration amplitude of facet contact forces for intact models, it has less effect on the vibration amplitude of facet contact force for the denucleated models. The denucleation of intervertebral discs is more harmful to the facet articulation on the condition of whole body vibration.     

DEXA-assessed regional body composition changes in young female military soldiers following 12-weeks of periodised training

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to assess whole body and regional soft tissue mass, fat mass and lean body mass compositional changes in 68 female recruits (age 20.8 ± 1.14 years; body mass 59.5 ± 8.79 kg; stature 159.57 ± 5.53 cm) pre- and post 12-weeks of military basic training. A decrease in total body fat tissue mass (10.2%) and regional percent fat (10.9%) was measured with an increase in total lean body mass (8.7%). Of interest were the differences in the responses in the tissue composition of the arms (16.2% loss in fat mass with an 11.6% gain in lean mass), trunk (17.0% decrease in fat mass with a 10.4% increase in lean mass) and the legs (10.5% increase in lean mass but no change in fat mass). These findings show the importance of considering regional rather than whole body composition changes when assessing the effects of a training programme.

Statement of Relevance: Female soldiers experienced a change in total body fat tissue (?10.2%) and lean body mass (+8.7%) after basic training; however, no significant fat mass decrease was evident in the leg region. Regional rather than whole body composition changes need to be considered when assessing the effects of a training programme.     

一种用于人体传感器网络的接收器模拟前端

设计了一种用于人体传感器网络的低功耗接收器模拟前端,电路物理层信道利用人体进行通信,并采用了一种宽带信号传输技术,可以在0.8 V电压供电,100 mV输入敏感度条件下传输20 Mb/s的数据。片上的电压偏置电路提供了50Ω的输入阻抗。放大器采用了一种低压低功耗的Cascode结构,具有58 dB的增益,25 MHz的增益带宽积。另外采用了一种结构简单,功耗极低的电流反馈型Schmitt触发器。电路采用SMIC0.13μm标准CMOS工艺设计,面积0.02 mm2,供电电压0.8 V,功耗仅为2.2 mW。     

In-plane directional mechanical properties of carbon fabric skins in sandwich structures after thermoforming

In this paper, a representative unit volume finite element (RUV FE) model was employed to simulate thermoforming process of carbon fabric-polymeric foam sandwich structures. Thermoforming simulations, which capture crimp angles and amplitude changes of carbon fabric with respect to different operational pressure, were conducted with the help of RUV FE model. Micro-deformation of tow structures after thermoforming was rigorously reflected in the second stage FE model to determine the in-plane directional stiffness of skin parts. Tensile tests were carried out to investigate mechanical properties of skin parts in sandwich structures for the potential usage of automotives, electronic housings or the satellite structure design.     

基于人体能量的微传感器节点能量利用方法

计算技术、通信技术和微机电技术的快速发展为智能传感器网络的广泛使用提供了坚实的技术基础。能量供给技术是智能传感器网络的关键技术，因为只有长效、低廉的能量才能保证微传感器节点的正常运行和发挥其独特的作用。传统的电池供能技术已满足不了大规模传感器网络微节点对能量的需求。因此，需要研究新的节点能量供给方法和技术以满足微节点的特殊需求。本文讨论了基于微机电系统（MEMS）技术收集人体能量为微节点供能的方法，并给出了相应的计算模型，这些模型对传感器微节点的能源设计和智能传感器网络的广泛应用具有重要意义。     

Advanced cold rolled steels for automotive applications

Advanced multiphase steels offer a great potential for bodies‐in‐white through their combination of formability and achievable component strength levels. They are first choice for strength and crash‐relevant parts of challenging geometry. The intensive development of high‐strength multiphase steels by ThyssenKrupp has led to hot dip galvanizing concepts with an outstanding forming potential. Hot rolled, hot dip galvanized complex phase steels are currently produced in addition to cold rolled DP and RA steels. New continuously annealed grades with tensile strength levels of up to 1000 MPa in combination with sufficient ductility for applications mainly in the field of structural automobile elements make use of the classic advantages of microalloying as well as the principles of DP and TRIP steels. Further improvement of properties will be reached by the new class of high manganese alloyed steels.     

Physical attractiveness and health: Comment on Weeden and Sabini (2005).

Evolutionary behavioral biology suggests that certain characteristics of the human face and body are important for mate preferences and are therefore subject to sexual selection. J. Weeden and J. Sabini (see record 2005-11504-001) identify a number of weaknesses in the association between traits' attractiveness and health. In contrast, the authors argue that (a) studies on preferences for physical characteristics that rely on 1 trait permit only limited interpretation, (b) limitations placed on J. Weeden and J. Sabini's review exclude important associations, (c) there are misconceptions in their treatment of some traits, and (d) their selected literature provides an inaccurate picture regarding effect size. The authors suggest that future research in this field should seek conceptual and methodological constancy in trait selection and in the evaluation of attractiveness- and health-related traits. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Roles of Sexual Objectification Experiences and Internalization of Standards of Beauty in Eating Disorder Symptomatology: A Test and Extension of Objectification Theory.

This study extends the literature on eating disorder symptomatology by testing, based on extant literature on objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T. Roberts, 1997) and the role of sociocultural standards of beauty (e.g., L. J. Heinberg, J. K. Thompson, & S. Stormer, 1995), a model that examines (a) links of reported sexual objectification experiences to eating disorder-related variables and (b) the mediating roles of body surveillance, body shame, and internalization of sociocultural standards of beauty. Consistent with hypotheses, with a sample of 221 young women, support was found for a model in which (a) internalization of sociocultural standards of beauty mediated the links of sexual objectification experiences to body surveillance, body shame, and eating disorder symptoms, (b) body surveillance was an additional mediator of the link of reported sexual objectification experiences to body shame, and (c) body shame mediated the links of internalization and body surveillance to disordered eating. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Role of Visual and Nonvisual Information in the Control of Locomotion.

During locomotion, retinal flow, gaze angle, and vestibular information can contribute to one's perception of self-motion. Their respective roles were investigated during active steering: Retinal flow and gaze angle were biased by altering the visual information during computer-simulated locomotion, and vestibular information was controlled through use of a motorized chair that rotated the participant around his or her vertical axis. Chair rotation was made appropriate for the steering response of the participant or made inappropriate by rotating a proportion of the veridical amount. Large steering errors resulted from selective manipulation of retinal flow and gaze angle, and the pattern of errors provided strong evidence for an additive model of combination. Vestibular information had little or no effect on steering performance, suggesting that vestibular signals are not integrated with visual information for the control of steering at these speeds. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

实体切片的数字化人体三维重建技术

以一组人体头部层去式实体扫描切片为对象，对数字化人体的三维重建技术进行研究。用基于颜色空间的方法提取目标图像，完成图像去噪和边缘检测工作；并用VC 语言编程调用matlab引擎追踪并记录目标象素的坐标值，获得点云数据文件；在CATIA环境下进行曲面拟合，完成三维数字化实体的重建，并生成可直接可供快速原型机的STL文件。