Integral analysis of large LOCA beyond design basis accident scenario in RBMK-1500

The integral analysis of severe accident scenario for RBMK-1500 was performed using combined approach with RELAP5, RELAP/SCDAPSIM, ASTEC and COCOSYS codes. The performed analysis covered response of the reactor core, the reactor cooling system and the confinement. There were performed several analyses: the first analysis assumed that operators take no action or their actions are not successful to provide the coolant injection to the reactor core; the other analyses were performed to investigate the accident management measures to restore the core cooling at different temperatures of the reactor core. The results of performed analyses showed that the operators have ∼5 h before the ruptures of fuel claddings occur and ∼8 h before the onset of exothermic steam-zirconium reaction. The coolant injection to the reactor core should be restored as soon as possible in order to prevent high hydrogen concentrations in the confinement and significant release of the fission products to the environment.     

The effects of subliminal anger and sadness primes on agency appraisals.

Two studies examined whether appraisals can be differentially affected by subliminal anger and sadness primes. Participants from Singapore (Experiment 1) and China (Experiment 2) were exposed to either subliminal angry faces or subliminal sad faces. Supporting appraisal theories of emotions, participants exposed to subliminal angry faces were more likely to appraise negative events as caused by other people and those exposed to subliminal sad faces were more likely to appraise the same events as caused by situational factors. The results provide the first evidence for subliminal emotion-specific cognitive effects. They show that cognitive functions such as appraisals can be affected by subliminal emotional stimuli of the same valence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

工程招标代理机构诚信评价指标体系研究

对工程招标代理机构进行诚信评价能够促进建筑市场的健康稳定发展,科学合理确定评价指标体系是诚信评价的基础。针对招标代理机构在建设工程交易过程中涉及的全过程,从诚信环境、诚信基础、投标诚信与履约诚信4 个方面对招标代理机构诚信评价指标进行设置。运用问卷分析的方法,经过调查问卷信度与效度检验对其进行改进,最终形成招标代理机构诚信评价指标体系。     

支持多应用的桌面网格关键技术研究

针对基于多应用的计算需求及桌面网格设计中的主要技术问题,设计了桌面网格架构六层模型,并介绍了关键技术以及具体的实现方法,目的是解决在设计桌面网格架构时所面临的应用部署慢、整合异构计算资源难、作业调度模型少及扩展性差等问题,具体的实现方法包括采用多种通信模块,能够整合不同的计算资源访问系统;通过使用代理作业模块实现作业实例的转换的方法;采用文件系统及镜像服务,实现面向不同应用的作业环境及镜像需求;基于虚拟化技术实现异构计算资源的整合;针对不同应用类型的差异性,开发了通用控制程序组件;面向不同应用类型需求,实现的多种调度模型。基于这些方法实现了支持多应用的桌面网格系统,分析测试结果表明,这些方法可行并具备通用性。     

汽车自适应照明系统的设计与实现

介绍了以价格低廉的AT89C51单片机为核心．集成多种车用传感器、步进电机等为一体的一种低成本电控系统．配以结构简单的执行机构．以实现对车灯的自动控制,从而实现汽车照明的自适应性。这种智能照明系统将使夜间行车更加安全,更加舒适。     

Analysis of different containment models for IRIS small break LOCA, using GOTHIC and RELAP5 codes

Advanced nuclear water reactors rely on containment behaviour in realization of some of their passive safety functions. Steam condensation on containment walls, where non-condensable gas effects are significant, is an important feature of the new passive containment concepts, like the AP600/1000 ones.In this work the international reactor innovative and secure (IRIS) was taken as reference, and the relevant condensation phenomena involved within its containment were investigated with different computational tools. In particular, IRIS containment response to a small break LOCA (SBLOCA) was calculated with GOTHIC and RELAP5 codes. A simplified model of IRIS containment drywell was implemented with RELAP5 according to a sliced approach, based on the two-pipe-with-junction concept, while it was addressed with GOTHIC using several modelling options, regarding both heat transfer correlations and volume and thermal structure nodalization. The influence on containment behaviour prediction was investigated in terms of drywell temperature and pressure response, heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and steam volume fraction distribution, and internal recirculating mass flow rate. The objective of the paper is to preliminarily compare the capability of the two codes in modelling of the same postulated accident, thus to check the results obtained with RELAP5, when applied in a situation not covered by its validation matrix (comprising SBLOCA and to some extent LBLOCA transients, but not explicitly the modelling of large dry containment volumes).The option to include or not droplets in fluid mass flow discharged to the containment was the most influencing parameter for GOTHIC simulations. Despite some drawbacks, due, e.g. to a marked overestimation of internal natural recirculation, RELAP5 confirmed its capability to satisfactorily model the basic processes in IRIS containment following SBLOCA.     

Secure Socket Layer协议在电子政务系统安全建设中的应用

针对目前日益突出的电子政务安全问题,在Secure Socket Layer协议的基础上,对我国电子政务的安全问题进行探讨,并针对目前政府机构信息化建设中的数据安全传输问题提出几点改进工作方案。     

Moral agency and the sexual transmission of HIV.

Sexual transmission of HIV occurs because an infected person has unprotected sex with a previously uninfected person. The majority of HIV infections are transmitted by individuals who are unaware of their infection, and most persons who are diagnosed with HIV significantly reduce or eliminate risk behaviors once they learn they have HIV. However, a minority of known-infected individuals engage in transmission risk behavior, sometimes without disclosure to their partners. Such behavior may involve a breakdown or temporary suspension of moral mechanisms, such as personal responsibility beliefs and anticipatory self-evaluative reactions to one’s behavior. The present article reviews the literature on sexual transmission risk behavior within A. Bandura’s (1999) theoretical framework of moral agency. The article first reviews evidence for the operation of moral agency in transmission risk behavior and HIV status disclosure. Next, suggestive evidence is presented for the operation of mechanisms of moral disengagement described by Bandura. Finally, the article reviews a small number of interventions that have been shown to be effective in reducing transmission risk behavior, through the lens of moral agency, and make recommendations for future intervention research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comfort in a brave new world

This commentary scrutinizes Building Research & Information's 2008 special issue titled ‘Comfort in a Lower Carbon Society’ from three vantage points. The first compares the special issue with another published on the same topic in 1982 in an attempt to see what differences a quarter of a century have brought to comfort-related research. The second seeks to identify what has been gained and lost as comfort research has moved away from the reductionist and positivistic certainties of 26 years ago towards the much more highly nuanced, historical, and social constructivist position reported in the 2008 special issue. And the third asks what would need to be done next to enable the more recent, adaptive, approach to modifying indoor climate to out-compete the engineering paradigm that has become so embedded and ingrained in professional practice over the past century. The commentary concludes with the challenge that unless this new, adaptive approach can rapidly become codified and enshrined in professional codes and standards – perhaps even in (inter)national regulations, it will not even be able to begin to operate as one of the building-related bulwarks against climate change.

Ce commentaire analyse sous trois angles différents le numéro spécial de Building Research & Information 2008 consacré au confort dans une société sobre en carbone. L'auteur commence par comparer ce numéro spécial à un autre numéro publié sur le même sujet en 1982 afin de voir comment ont évolué en un quart de siècle les recherches liées au confort. Il s'efforce ensuite d'identifier ce qui a été acquis et perdu alors que les recherches sur le confort sont passées des certitudes réductionnistes et positivistes d'il y a 26 ans à une position constructiviste beaucoup plus nuancée, historique, sociale telle qu'elle apparaît dans ce numéro spécial de 2008. Enfin, il pose la question sur ce qui devrait être fait maintenant pour valider l'approche adaptative plus récente qui vise à modifier le climat intérieur pour aller au-delà du paradigme technique qui s'est si profondément ancré dans les pratiques professionnelles au cours du siècle dernier. L'auteur conclut que les bâtiments ne pourront même pas servir de rempart contre le changement climatique à moins que cette nouvelle approche adaptative puisse être rapidement codifiée et consacrée dans des codes et des normes professionnelles, voire dans des réglementations internationales.

Mots clés: comportement adaptatif, agence, changement climatique, confort, consommation, gestion de la demande, gouvernance, société sobre en carbone, réglementation     

钢丝绳企业销售机构设置与功能分析

由计划经济发展到市场经济,钢丝绳企业管理工作向销售为主线,市场开发为前沿,技术服务成关键的方向转变。企业的销售机构设置分2种:设立销售公司的自主销售和与通过经销商代理的销售。不管选择哪种方式,销售机构配置人员素质精干、服务功能完善、与客户能有效沟通的技术服务系统是做好销售工作的关键。