Setting optimal production lot sizes and planned lead times in a job shop

In this research, we model a job shop that produces a set of discrete parts in a make-to-stock setting. The intent of the research is to develop a planning model to determine the optimal tactical policies that minimise the relevant manufacturing costs subject to workload variability and capacity limits. We consider two tactical decisions, namely the production lot size for each part and the planned lead time for each work station. We model the relevant manufacturing costs, entailing production overtime costs and inventory-related costs, as functions of these tactical decisions. We formulate a non-linear optimisation model and implement it in the Excel spreadsheet. We test the model with actual factory data from our research sponsor. The results are consistent with our intuition and demonstrate the potential value from jointly optimising over these tactical policies.     

斯蒂芬酸铅含量对某型雷管作用可靠性的影响?

为解决某型雷管瞎火、半爆的问题,分析了工艺过程对针刺药组分和其中斯蒂芬酸铅含量的影响。试验结果表明,工艺过程中针刺药分药和回倒环节会引起针刺药中铅钡共晶含量的波动,当铅钡共晶中斯蒂芬酸铅的含量较低时会导致雷管作用失效。通过建立斯蒂芬酸铅含量与雷管作用可靠性的关系,合理解释了故障批产品几个异常现象,指出应通过使用较小的盒子盛装针刺药等措施来确保生产过程受控。     

LDNP生产工艺改进对其电点火头性能的影响

分析了点火头基药2,4-二硝基苯酚铅(LDNP)的制备原理,结合制备LDNP的生产工艺,提出了一种改进的LDNP制备方法。该方法加料时,NaOH后于Pb(NO_3)_2加完,并且在后处理时利用冰醋酸将反应体系pH值调成中性。将采用改进方法制备的LDNP用来生产电点火头,经发火性能等测试,结果表明,该方法有利于提高电点火头机械强度、发火可靠性和一致性。     

室温核辐射探测材料PbI2晶体生长及退火改性研究

以多晶碘化铅(PbI_2)为原料,采用垂直布里奇曼法进行单晶生长,研究了PbI_2单晶的生长特性,随后对单晶进行真空退火和气氛退火,并测试了生长态、真空退火态以及气氛退火态3种不同状态下晶体的光致发光谱(PL)、I-V特性以及红外透过率。研究表明,在碘蒸汽中气氛退火后的碘化铅单晶质量较高,PL谱中激子(EX)峰的半峰宽有所下降,红外透过率从生长态的10%提升至30%左右,电阻率从生长态的3.3×10~9Ω·cm提高至5.6×10~9Ω·cm,可以有效提高晶体的探测效率。气氛退火有利于提高碘化铅的单晶质量,使其各项性能更加适用于室温核辐射探测器。     

以玉米衣为模板生物遗态ZnO的制备及Pb2+吸附性能

以玉米衣为模板,利用生物模板法制备了生物遗态多孔ZnO。经过预处理的玉米衣在醋酸锌前驱体溶液中浸渍24h,烘干,800℃煅烧3h得到最终的产物。利用X射线衍射(X-ray)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对其进行表征,并研究了对铅离子的吸附性能。结果表明:通过原位生长技术,结晶度良好的ZnO晶粒自组装形成表面多孔的类卷叶状生物遗态ZnO;生物遗态ZnO对铅离子有良好的吸附性能,吸附量为49.9mg/g,在120min可基本达到吸附平衡,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,吸附等温线拟合结果较为符合Langmuir模型,且升温有利于吸附的进行。     

Facile synthesis of CsPbBr3/PbSe composite clusters

In this work, CsPbBr₃ and PbSe nanocomposites were synthesized to protect perovskite material from self-enlargement during reaction. UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that the addition of Se into CsPbBr₃ quantum dots modified the electronic structure of CsPbBr₃, increasing the band gap from 2.38 to 2.48 eV as the Cs:Se ratio increased to 1:3. Thus, the emission color of CsPbBr₃ perovskite quantum dots was modified from green to blue by increasing the Se ratio in composites. According to X-ray diffraction patterns, the structure of CsPbBr₃ quantum dots changed from cubic to orthorhombic due to the introduction of PbSe at the surface. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy confirmed that the atomic distribution in CsPbBr₃/PbSe composite clusters is uniform and the composite materials were well formed. The PL intensity of a CsPbBr₃/PbSe sample with a 1:1 Cs:Se ratio maintained 50% of its initial intensity after keeping the sample for 81 h in air, while the PL intensity of CsPbBr₃ reduced to 20% of its initial intensity. Therefore, it is considered that low amounts of Se could improve the stability of CsPbBr₃ quantum dots.     

滚子丝杠副的原理分析

本文分析了滚子丝杠副的运动原理及啮合原理,推导出参数计算公式并由啮合原理求出了滚子的空间螺旋面方程。     

金属有机物分解法制备钛酸铅薄膜

用金属有机物分解法制备了钛酸铅薄膜。研究了成膜的技术条件。一次甩胶可以获得厚约0.1μm均匀、无开裂、无针孔的薄膜,较厚的膜可通过多次甩胶得到。X射线衍射证实,经700℃热处理后,膜呈现四方钙钛矿的单相结构。Rutherford背散射表明,即使在多次甩胶制得的膜中,组份的厚度分布也是均匀的。     

膨润土负载纳米零价铁去除水中铅的研究

将纳米零价铁通过液态还原法负载于膨润土上,目的是为了比较负载对提高纳米零价铁去除重金属铅的能力的影响。从负载后扫描电镜图像中可以看出,负载后的纳米零价铁分散度更好。在相同投加量下,负载了纳米零价铁的膨润土对重金属铅的去除能力要远高于膨润土和纳米零价铁。铅的起始浓度为200mg／L,膨润土＋纳米零价铁的复合材料在0．4g／L的投加量下,去除率就达到90％以上。对材料的动力学研究结果则表明：纳米零价铁的反应速度较快,大部分的铅的去除都在1h以内完成。将吸附动力学实验结果进行一级和二级动力学反应拟合。二级拟和的线性相关系数明显高于一级。说明纳米零价铁和膨润土＋纳米零价铁复合材料与铅的反应更符合二级动力学反应假设。另外,纳米零价铁对铅的去除受到起始浓度的影响较大,而膨润土＋纳米零价铁则基本不受起始浓度的影响。