γ射线对叶组织电阻变化的影响及动态分析

测试了水稻和烟草两种叶片经不同剂量的^60Co γ射线辐照处理后，组织电阻及离子外渗的动态变化情况。研究结果表明：当超过一定的剂量阈值后，随着辐照剂量的增加，两种植物的叶组织电阻均呈现先上升、后下降的变化规律；叶组织电阻的改变与离子外渗的变化趋势并不一致；用测量叶组织电阻的方法可以较灵敏地体现出植物对γ射线的动态反应情况。运用电生理学的基础理论对上述生理现象的产生原因从机理上进行了分析与探讨。     

Rail defects: an overview

For about 150 years, the steel rail has been at the very heart of the world's railway systems. The rail works in a harsh environment and, as part of the track structure, it has little redundancy; thus, its failure may lead to catastrophic derailment of vehicles, the consequences of which can include death, injury, costs and loss of public confidence. These can have devastating and long‐lasting effects on the industry. Despite the advances being made in railway permanent way engineering, inspection and rail‐making technology, continually increasing service demands have resulted in rail failure continuing to be a substantial economic burden and a threat to the safe operation of virtually every railway in the world. This paper presents an overview of rail defects and their consequences from the earliest days of railways to the present day.     

Corrosion failure of Zn–Al detonator housing

Some batches of detonator housings made up of Chromium plated Zn–Al alloy were found in an extensively cracked condition after few months of storage at room temperature. An analysis of the failure showed that the cracks were due to intergranular corrosion facilitated by segregation of lead at the grain boundaries. Improper chromium plating further aggravated the corrosion problem. This failure case emphasises the need for strict control of chemical composition for components made from Zn–Al alloy and the process of Cr plating of the components.     

Plane Problem for Layered Composites with Periodic Array of Interfacial Cracks Under Compressive Static Loading

The current paper addresses the problem of 2-D modelling of the onset of failure process in a layered composite with periodic array of interfacial cracks under static compression along layers. The statement of the problem is based on the most accurate approach, the model of piecewise-homogenous medium. The condition of plane strain state is considered. The shear and the extensional buckling modes are examined. The laminae are modelled by transversally isotropic material (a matrix reinforced by continuous parallel fibres). The complex non-classical failure mechanics problem is solved utilizing finite element analysis. It is found that the 0°-plies volume fraction, the crack length and the mutual position of cracks influence the critical strain in the composite.     

埕岛油田卫星平台金属软管漏蚀问题的分析和对策

对埕岛油田卫星平台多年来一直存在的金属软管漏蚀问题进行分析,找出了导致金属软管漏蚀的主要原因,提出了相应的防治措施,主要有:在金属软管外部裹附橡胶垫,采用带弯头的减振金属软管,安装时金属软管的曲率半径要大于其最小弯曲半径等。通过采取一系列措施,解决了金属软管的漏蚀问题,达到了预期的效果。     

Accurate Depth of Field Simulation in Real Time

We present a new post processing method of simulating depth of field based on accurate calculations of circles of confusion. Compared to previous work, our method derives actual scene depth information directly from the existing depth buffer, requires no specialized rendering passes, and allows easy integration into existing rendering applications. Our implementation uses an adaptive, two‐pass filter, producing a high quality depth of field effect that can be executed entirely on the GPU, taking advantage of the parallelism of modern graphics cards and permitting real time performance when applied to large numbers of pixels.     

尼龙护套电线印字缺陷的分析及改进的措施

阐述了尼龙护套电线印字过程中,经常出现的几种缺陷,并对这些缺陷产生的原因进行了分析,尤其对印字拖印问题,进行了详细和深入的分析,并提出了一系列的改进措施。     

管杆漏磁探伤现场应用中的问题及对策

阐述了漏磁探伤漏磁场沿管、杆径向的分布特征 ,分析了影响探伤装置漏磁检测准确性的 4个因素 ,验证了信号提离距离的变化对传感器和探伤装置灵敏度的影响。针对在用的大多数浮动式传感器固定机构存在的两个严重缺点 ,提出采用自定位传感器固定机构 ,可消除机械装置对传感器灵敏度的影响。提出了一套标定和校验检测装置的方法 ,以保证探伤仪器的检测灵敏度始终恒定 ,提高检测结果的准确性和可靠性。     

水口电厂1号机转轮漏油及进水原因分析

介绍了水口电厂1号机转轮漏油情况，并对其漏油及进水原因进行了分析，提出了处理方案。     

Defect formation in epitaxial oxide dielectric layers due to substrate surface relief

Defects were characterized in epitaxial (001) CeO₂ films deposited and planarizedin situ on patterned (001) LaAlO₃ substrates by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). A hill and valley structure with steps running parallel to the [100] LaAlO₃ axis was produced on the surface of the substrate by photolithography and ion beam etching prior to film deposition. A conformai epitaxial CeO₂ layer of ∼ 100 nm thickness was deposited on the heated substrate by e-beam evaporation. Lattice-matching between the e-beam film and the substrate was of the type: (001) CeO₂∥(001) LaAlO₃ and [110] CeO₂∥[100] LaAlO₃. Evaporative deposition of additional film onto the conformai layer was accompanied by bombardment with a 500 eV argon/oxygen ion beam to promotein situ planarization. Extreme lattice misfit for the orientation (001) CeO₂∥(001)LaAlO₃ and [001] CeO₂∥[001] LaAlO₃ caused formation of dislocations in the e-beam CeO₂ film in the vicinity of individual ledges in the substrate surface. Coherence of the CeO₂ film was locally lost in the step regions of the hill and valley structure. The large patterned steps, which are composed of numerous adjacent ledges in the LaAlO₃ surface, caused nucleation of CeO₂ with a tilt misalignment of up to ∼5‡ about the substrate [100]. Nucleation and growth of nonepitaxial CeO₂ crystallites was observed along the step regions of the film during the IBAD portion of deposition. Defect formation in the e-beam ceria layer due to substrate surface relief indicates that “lattice engineering≓ of multilayer epitaxial structures may not be possible when nonplanar surfaces are created during device fabrication. The IBAD CeO₂ layer was more defective than the conformai layer deposited without the impinging ion beam, even in the portions of the film where epitaxy was maintained throughout both layers.