红外凝视成像光学微扫描重建技术研究

扫描式微透镜阵列系统通过微动扫描成像,能够有效解决小行程与大视场之间的矛盾。扫描式微透镜阵列一般采用开普勒式望远结构,通过镜片横向相对位移实现视场扫描。本文提出了一种基于开普勒式望远结构的四片式微透镜阵列,探究了微透镜阵列的角放大率对于3~5 μm波段的扫描式微透镜阵列系统的影响。当角放大率小于1时,经过串扰产生的杂散光较多,系统的能量利用率上限受到限制,导致衍射极限受到限制。角放大率越大,能量利用率上限越高,当角放大率从0.67^×改变为0.83^×,能量利用率可以从43%提升到69%。当角放大率大于1时,系统的能量利用率不再受到结构限制,在抑制串扰的条件下,优化得到角放大率为1.5^×的结构。对其像质进行评价,各扫描视场RMS半径达到探测器像元尺寸,MTF达到0.6@17 lp/mm。角放大率作为表征微透镜阵列结构特点的参数,与系统能量利用率相关,从而影响像质,因此对于角放大率的分析与研究可为扫描式微透镜阵列系统的设计与实现提供依据。     

基于小波重构和灰度分段的红外图像放大增强

传统的内插算法在放大红外图像时都存在着一定的缺陷,提出了一种基于小波重构和灰度分段变换的图像放大新算法.该算法先对原始图像进行小波变换获得高频系数,运用牛顿插值算法放大高频系数作为放大图像的高频成份,再将原始图像作为低频成份,进行小波重构,可得放大图像.为了增强放大图像,将图像按双灰度闽值分割成对应目标的灰度值高段、对应背景的灰度值低段和对应过渡区域的灰度值中段等3个部分,对各部分采用不同的线性变换,获得最佳的视觉效果.实验证明该方法在图像细节方面具有很好的放大效果.     

Image magnification method using joint diffusion

In this paper a new algorithm for image magnification is presented. Because linear magnification/interpolation techniques diminish the contrast and produce sawtooth effects, in recent years, many nonlinear interpolation methods, especially nonlinear diffusion based approaches, have been proposed to solve these problems. Two recently proposed techniques for interpolation by diffusion, forward and backward diffusion (FAB) and level-set reconstruction (LSR), cannot enhance the contrast and smooth edges simultaneously. In this article, a novel Partial Differential Equations (PDE) based approach is presented. The contributions of the paper include: firstly, a unified form of diffusion joining FAB and LSR is constructed to have all of their virtues; secondly, to eliminate artifacts of the joint diffusion, soft constraint takes the place of hard constraint presented by LSR; thirdly, the determination of joint coefficients, criterion for stopping time and color image processing are also discussed. The results d     

重冰区覆冰导线脱冰跳跃荷载分析

通过建立重冰区特高压线路连续7档导线-绝缘子脱冰跳跃分析模型,考虑阻尼、脱冰模式和覆冰厚度等因素影响,计算脱冰工况下导线跳跃高度、张力、挂点不平衡张力及垂直荷载等动力响应,研究不同因素对悬垂型杆塔动力响应的影响规律,确定重冰区特高压线路悬垂型杆塔不平衡张力及垂直荷载取值。阻尼比5%、单档100%脱冰时,脱冰跳跃产生的不平衡张力百分数均小于重冰区设计规定值,垂直荷载动力放大系数在1.28～1.40之间。20 mm、30 mm冰区导线上拔力占最大使用张力百分数取10%,40 mm、50 mm冰区取5%。     

含摩擦与间隙的失谐叶盘系统振动局部化研究

 针对叶片榫头与轮盘榫槽连接处间隙及摩擦,基于叶盘结构典型集中参数模型,建立含干摩擦、间隙的非线性动力学方程,研究失谐叶盘系统振动局部化。在叶身刚度随机失谐下分析叶盘系统对不同耦合刚度的固有特性及共振响应。结果表明,非线性谐调叶盘系统亦出现振动局部化现象。利用振幅放大系数对线性、非线性失谐叶盘系统振动响应局部化研究,振幅放大系数呈失谐阈值现象,且非线性干摩擦、间隙作用会降低失谐系统振动响应局部化程度。而谐调叶盘系统非线性振动,随气流激励力频率变化,系统呈非简谐单周期运动、多周期谐波运动、混沌运动等多种动力学行为。失谐因素存在会使非线性失谐叶盘系统动力学行为更复杂。     

Digital ultrasonic image construction using electronic ordered dither techniques

The use of a digital microprocessor based system for the acquisition of ultrasonic C-scan information is investigated. The C-scan information is displayed on a binary display device using electronic ordered dither techniques to represent gray levels. The digital system with a binary display increases system flexibility and yields better reproducibility and constant image quality independent of the display medium. Images may be stored on magnetic tape or disk for later retrieval and image processing. The techniques which are described allow for image magnification and a reduction in scan time by replacing the mechanical linkage between the scanner and the display with digital signals. A detailed comparison is made between two dither signals, and the advantages of each are discussed. The combination of digital signal processing and imaging techniques produces results which utilize the capabilities of ultrasonic inspection to the point where the transducer becomes the limiting factor.     

An examination of visual acuity and depth perception as a function of magnification.

The effectiveness of magnification, (comparing binoculars of three powers, 6 X, 7 X, 10 X, with unaided vision) as an aid to ordnance optics was studied under desert conditions. Visual acuity was studied with a modified Landolt ring display, depth perception with method of constant stimuli in which a movable target had to be aligned with a stationary target. Visual acuity at a range of 100 yards was significantly better with binoculars than with the unaided eye, but there was no significant difference among the binoculars. For depth perception, sensitivity was independent of magnification and nearly independent of range. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

LDPE高倍率发泡专用树脂18F产品开发

通过对高倍率发泡专用树脂的市场分析及聚合工艺的研究,阐述了LDPE高倍率发泡专用树脂18F产品的研制开发工艺过程及加工应用情况。     

光学系统离焦对自动调焦评价函数的影响

调焦过程可分为调节物距、调节像距和移动镜头三种情况。基于几何光学关系,推导了三种情况下的弥散斑半径和横向放大率与离焦量的关系。利用数字图像处理方法,模拟了这两个因素对自动调焦评价函数的作用,表明弥散斑的扩散在焦前焦后呈现对称影响,而横向放大率的影响则沿光轴单调下降,二者叠加,造成峰值两侧的不对称。当光学系统F数增大时,调焦评价函数变得平缓,从而使横向放大率的影响变得显著,最佳像面因此向焦前偏移。利用CCD成像的实验证明了上述观点。     

带凹槽平板型声透镜聚焦性能的理论分析与数值模拟

基于相位补偿和惠更斯-菲涅尔原理,利用理论分析和数值模拟的方法,研究了一种带凹槽的平板型声透镜,讨论了凹槽个数、声透镜材料等参数对声透镜聚焦性能的影响。结果表明:优化后的菲涅尔声透镜聚声效率理论上可达40%,放大倍数约为7倍,是一种较为高效、成本低廉的新型声透镜。