Event-driven,pattern-based methodology for cost-effective development of standardized personal health devices

Experiences applying standards in personal health devices (PHDs) show an inherent trade-off between interoperability and costs (in terms of processing load and development time). Therefore, reducing hardware and software costs as well as time-to-market is crucial for standards adoption. The ISO/IEEE11073 PHD family of standards (also referred to as X73PHD) provides interoperable communication between PHDs and aggregators. Nevertheless, the responsibility of achieving inexpensive implementations of X73PHD in limited resource microcontrollers falls directly on the developer. Hence, the authors previously presented a methodology based on patterns to implement X73-compliant PHDs into devices with low-voltage low-power constraints. That version was based on multitasking, which required additional features and resources. This paper therefore presents an event-driven evolution of the patterns-based methodology for cost-effective development of standardized PHDs. The results of comparing between the two versions showed that the mean values of decrease in memory consumption and cycles of latency are 11.59% and 45.95%, respectively. In addition, several enhancements in terms of cost-effectiveness and development time can be derived from the new version of the methodology. Therefore, the new approach could help in producing cost-effective X73-compliant PHDs, which in turn could foster the adoption of standards.     

Particle filtering for sensor fault diagnosis and identification in nonlinear plants

We propose a novel method for sensor monitoring and fault-tolerant estimation in systems described by general stochastic nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian state-space models. Faults are defined as abruptly occurring calibration errors, causing the sensor readings to be biased or scaled. Actuators and the process itself are assumed to be fault free. The main novelty of the work is an adaptive particle filter, whose configuration changes in order to diagnose sensor faults and to compensate for their effects. The presence, type and magnitude of sensor faults are determined through hypothesis testing and maximum likelihood estimation, based on the difference between the measurements and the particle filter estimates. The validity of the proposed approach was demonstrated through simulations on a drum-boiler model, although its effectiveness is not conditioned on any particular feature of the considered example.     

离子水--21世纪的保健品

离子水是一种新型的保健饮用水.本文主要对饮用水、离子水的功能和作用进行了概述,阐述了离子水对人类生活和健康的影响,且指出了离子水具有良好的发展、开发和推广的前景.     

变化环境下河流健康评价研究进展

全球以温度升高为主要特征的气候变化耦合人类活动影响,造成了全球性变化环境背景下大范围的水资源危机、水环境污染和水生态退化问题,威胁河流健康,已成为当今世界各国急需解决的难题。针对变化环境背景,分别从河流健康的概念和内涵、河流健康评价的内容、方法及应用等方面,评述近年来国内外河流健康评价的研究进展。将河流健康定义为,特定时期一定的社会公众价值体系下,在保障河流自身基本生存需求的前提下,能够持续地为人类社会提供高效合理的生态服务功能,并实现服务功能综合价值最大化。在前人研究基础上,指出变化环境下河流健康评价研究存在的主要问题,如河流健康概念及内涵仍存在争议,河流健康变化的驱动机制尚不明确,河流健康评价的理论及方法有待完善,河流健康评价实践滞后及评价结果未能有效指导河流管理等。提出变化环境下河流健康评价的发展趋势:以流域为基本空间尺度结合多时间尺度开展河流健康评价与调控研究,因地制宜开展河流健康评价指标体系及评价标准研究,开展基于3S等技术的河流健康评价研究,建立长期且全面的河流健康监测网络,科学界定河流健康的"基准点",以及开展河流健康评价与水资源调控的集成研究等。     

基于组合赋权的湖泊健康评价物元分析模型

湖泊生态系统的健康是人与自然和谐相处及可持续发展理念的重要体现。通过建立湖泊健康评价物元分析模型,并改进其指标权重的计算,以离差平方和准则将层次分析法、熵值法及主成分分析法3种赋权方法取得的权重结合得到最优组合赋权,应用到某地5个湖泊进行湖泊健康评价。根据当地湖泊具体情况,选取12个详细指标建立评价体系与评价标准,通过模型计算得出结果显示5个湖泊中4个湖泊评价结果为优,一个评价结果为良,湖泊总体健康状况良好。因此该模型用于湖泊健康评价是非常有效的。     

三维激光扫描技术在引水隧洞检修中的应用

三维激光扫描技术是国际上近年发展的一项集光、电和计算机技术于一体的新技术,利用该技术可以快速、精确地获取空间数据。锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞放空检修时发现少数洞内存在混凝土破损情况,但受时间与费用等因素限制,难于以采用常规手段详细检查混凝土表面缺陷与变形等问题。通过采用三维激光扫描技术对隧洞进行全断面扫描,及时探查了混凝土表面的缺陷并进行了处理,确保了工程安全运行;同时,还得到混凝土表面的三维坐标信息,建立了混凝土表面缺陷基准数据库,可为后续进一步分析混凝土表面缺陷的变化情况提供参考。     

基于模糊物元法的黑龙江干流区生态健康评价

针对受堤防建设影响的黑龙江干流地区,基于压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型构建了流域生态健康评价体系;利用层次分析法和模糊物元理论建立了流域生态健康模糊物元评价模型,并应用到黑龙江干流行政区的生态健康评价中。结果表明,漠河县、黑河市区、同江市区和抚远县干扰前的生态健康评价值为0.679 3,0.728 3,0.731 4,0.755 8,干扰后为0.602 3,0.580 5,0.611 7,0.722 6;漠河县生态健康等级保持"亚健康",黑河市区和同江市区的生态健康等级降为"亚健康",抚远县生态健康等级保持"健康"。同时,4个评价单元对应的生态受损程度分别为11.34%,20.29%,16.37%和4.39%。此外,根据评价指标体系综合分析了4个县市存在的生态健康问题,提出了4县市生态环境保护应采取的措施。     

浅谈电子产品对儿童的影响及对策

在现代社会中,平板电脑、智能手机在人们日常生活的方方面面发挥着巨大的作用。通过分析电子产品在儿童和青少年的视力、身体发育、社交能力和学习能力等方面的负面影响,提出了加强亲子陪伴、合理引导控制等应对措施。     

统计分析及关联挖掘在大学生心理健康中的应用

为深入了解影响大学生心理健康的主要因素以及心理症状之间的关系,以某高校2011级的学生心理测试数据为基础,采用统计分析和关联规则挖掘两种方法,从性别、学生干部、独生子女、来源地、家庭结构、家庭月收入等方面进行了分析研究,根据研究结果为高校开展大学生心理健康教育的规划、决策提供依据．     

Health benefits of CLA – lessons from pig models in biomedical research

The objective of this review is to highlight the use of pig models for investigating safety, efficacy and the mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Although CLA elicits positive effects in animal models and in vitro systems, a consistent concern in terms of translational research is that the health benefits observed by using these model systems cannot be extrapolated directly into humans. Conversely, the similarities between pigs and humans make the pig an ideal model for examining the health benefits of dietary supplements, functional foods and nutraceuticals. We have developed pig models of viral and bacterial infection to examine the preventive role of dietary CLA supplementation on virally induced immunosuppression and gut health, respectively. Results from these studies indicate that CLA significantly enhances the immune function while limiting the catabolic effects of uncontrolled immune and inflammatory responses. The scientific findings in pig models and human clinical trials demonstrate that CLA modulates immune responses in pigs and humans. Pig models of immunomodulation represent significant improvements over other animal models and in vitro systems because they mimic more closely the compartmentalization of the human immune system and the clinical presentation of human infectious, immune and inflammatory diseases.