在文明寨地区的高精度地震资料处理实践

文明寨地区构造复杂，断块多，岩性变化大，一些地质问题不明，需要高精度三维资料处理来提高资料的纵、横向分辨率^[1][2]及为储层、油藏研究提供精确的依据。针对东濮文明寨地区高精度处理过程中的关键技术进行了大量分析试验，形成了一套适合东濮地区的较为完整的3D高精度地震资料处理流程。实际资料处理表明效果较好。     

Study of siloxane additives migration to the surface of polyester-(melamine)-polyurethane coatings: Aging effects after ethanol cleaning

This study determines the influences of siloxane flow agents’ migration on the outermost surface composition of clearcoats, before and after ethanol cleaning. This evaluation is undertaken to improve adhesion of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) on automotive paint systems. Most of the siloxane flow agents segregate from the bulk to the clearcoat outermost surface during curing. These additives can cover until 50% of the surface area but X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analyses indicate that they can be removed by ethanol cleaning. Composition of the cleaned clearcoats surfaces are similar as the composition of clearcoat formulated without siloxane additives: the polyester-(melamine)-polyurethane network is more detected than before cleaning. However, outermost surface analyses show that several aging weeks increase the siloxane additives segregation. This post-cleaning migration modifies the clearcoat surface composition and cancels the chemical modifications due to the ethanol cleaning. XPS analyses show that silicon concentrations after cleaning and aging are inversely proportional to the initial silicon concentrations measured after curing. It highlights that aging has to be controlled to improve adhesion of PSAs on clearcoats. A second ethanol cleaning on aged clearcoats is not effective to remove these new siloxane additives. Their formulation should be different from the flow agents and it could modify their solubility in ethanol. This result could also indicate that these new siloxane additives are not located on the last molecular layer of surface and they would not be soluble in ethanol.     

Charge reduction and regeneration in K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ni2+ and Co2+-exchanged Wyoming Bentonite

Controlled calcination of ion-exchanged Wyoming Bentonite in the presence and absence of ammonia leads to layer charge reductions. Detailed chemical analyses of both unexchangeable and exchangeable species lead to the conclusion that in no case is there migration of the original interlamellar cations into the octahedral region of the layers although, in terms of ionic radius alone, Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺ and, possibly Co²⁺, might be expected to do so. The production of unexchangeable Mg, Ni or Co, is identified as resulting from high temperature hydrolysis leading to hydroxide or oxide formation.     

如何降低涂料中增塑剂用量的试验研究

介绍了增塑剂的迁移性对涂层性能的影响,讨论了如何降低增塑剂的用量。     

Retaining and attracting users in social networking services: An empirical investigation of cyber migration

Users are the most critical strategic resource of any online social networking service (SNS). This paper offers strategic recommendations for SNS providers based on an empirical study exploring why users switch from a primary SNS to others. We first identify important characteristics that combine to distinguish SNSs from conventional information systems, then develop a “cyber migration” research model that includes push, pull and mooring factors which influence user intention to switch from one SNS to another. Findings from a field survey of 180 users reveal four significant factors that promote switching: dissatisfaction with socialization support, dissatisfaction with entertainment value, continuity cost, and peer influence. Strategies grounded in these factors are suggested for SNS providers to better attract and retain users.     

虚拟机动态迁移方法

对虚拟机动态迁移方法的研究背景、研究意义以及研究现状进行综述,分别介绍了内存预拷贝迁移、内存后拷贝迁移、内存混合复制迁移和基于日志跟踪重现的迁移方法,对其算法思想、关键技术、实现机制以及性能等进行概括、分析和比较,并针对当前主流的预拷贝迁移的优化策略予以分类阐述。最后,对动态迁移方法有待深入的研究热点和发展趋势进行展望。     

气体释放速率对浅层气藏中气水运移的影响

为了论证在防治浅层气地质工程灾害中预先采取的有控制性排气措施的合理性和必要性,借助非饱和水气两相渗流原理,研究浅层气藏在气体释放路径下的气水运移规律.采用数值方法描述排气井不同释放速率对地下浅层气藏中气水运移的影响.结果表明:气体释放速率对气藏中的气水运移和分布形态有显著影响,释放速率越快,"水锥"效应越明显;实际工程中需结合详勘数据,选取适宜的排气速率,实施控制性放气措施,避免过早发生淹井,导致气井快速失效;在气藏中的浅层气体释放完毕后,砂土中会残留部分以气泡形式存在的气体,施工过程中需引起重视.     

低渗透砂岩石油渗流的微观模拟实验研究

采用天然低渗透砂岩微观模型,通过与实际地质状况较为相似条件下的油驱水实验,模拟石油在低渗透砂岩孔隙内的渗流,分析和探讨了低渗透砂岩孔隙介质中石油的微观渗流机理.研究结果表明,石油在低渗透砂岩中渗流路径曲折复杂,运移渗流模式有稳定式、指进式和优势式3种;石油在低渗透砂岩中渗流存在启动压力梯度,启动压力梯度与砂岩孔隙度关系复杂,而与砂岩渗透率有很好的相关性;石油的渗流速度与驱替压力呈很好的相关性,石油以相同速度在不同渗透率级别的砂岩内渗流时所需要的驱替压力随砂岩渗透率的增大而降低.     

季节冻土区渠道水分迁移规律及冻胀特性试验研究

为了量化渠基土体中的水分在冻融过程中的迁移及其分布规律,揭示渠基土体的微观冻胀特性,选取渠基土体不同部位的原状土样,进行冻融试验,采用CT扫描技术,监测研究渠基土样冻融过程中的水分迁移及其孔隙水分布规律,进一步探究渠基土体的微观冻胀特性。结果表明:冻融过程中土样深度16～18 cm处的含水率较高,产生了水分积聚。冻结过程中,土体的微观孔隙结构发生了明显变化,同时发生了裂缝的张开和闭合。在融化阶段,由于冻结水快速融化,土体发生融沉,最大融沉量为6.78 mm。研究成果揭示了渠基土体单向冻融过程中的水分迁移规律、孔隙水的分布状态及其冻胀微观特性,为季节冻土区输水渠道的抗冻胀设计提供了理论基础。     

应用一步流动法快速测定土水特征曲线试验研究

实验室常用压力板仪进行常规试验测定粉土土水特征曲线（SWCC）,需耗费数月时间,效率不高。对快速测定粉土SWCC进行了试验研究：采用压力板仪对粉土试样开展一步流动法试验;同时,用Hydrus-1D建立一维水分运移模型;结合模型对干密度为1.78 g/cm3粉土试样中溢出水量随加压时间的关系曲线进行拟合,并得出VG模型中难以实测的参数α和n;根据参数反算出粉土试样SWCC并和压力板仪常规试验的SWCC进行对比。为了消除试验中加载压力过大可能造成的固结对试验结果的影响,还对干密度为1.65 g/cm3的粉土试样进行固结试验使其干密度增大为1.78 g/cm3,再对固结后粉土试样分别进行常规试验和一步流动法试验。对由两种试验得到的固结粉土的SWCC与初始干密度1.78 g/cm3粉土由两种试验实测的SWCC进行了比较。结果表明：① 一步流动法试验拟合的SWCC与常规试验实测的SWCC重合度高;② 一步流动法试验具有快速性和有效性;③ 由Hydrus-1D建立的一维水分运移模型得出的SWCC与常规试验实测的SWCC接近;④ 一步流动法试验结果不会受到固结的影响。