A comparison of the performance of N simulation models in the prediction of Nmin on farmers' fields in the spring

The performance of three different models, which simulate changes in the inorganic N content of the soil, was evaluated in respect of their ability to predict N_min content in the spring under cereal crops. The models of British, Dutch and German origin, were tested using data from farmers' fields supplied by 70 farmers over two growing seasons in FRG. The models were run between harvest of the previous crop and spring of the following year, and predictions of N_min in the spring compared to soil measurements. The performance of the models was assessed by counting the number of cases in which predictions agreed within 10 or 20 kg (N) ha^–1 of the measurements. Predictions were less than ± 10 kg (N) ha^–1 of measured values in only 30–44% and 28–55% of cases in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Predictions were less than ± 20 kg (N) ha^–1 of measured values in 62–70% and 68–82% of cases in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Predictions in 1989 were better because the initial N_min content in the autumn was included in the model input. None of the models tested had been designed to use input data of the type available to farmers. It is concluded that, at present, the results are too variable for any of the models to be used with confidence as tools to aid in N fertilizer recommendations.     

Chlorosis in sugarcane: Associated soil properties,leaf mineral composition,and crop response to iron and manganese

Attempts were made to find out the nature and cause of a widespread sugarcane chlorosis in a cane growing area. Soils from chlorotic and nonchlorotic fields did not differ markedly in pH, CaCO₃, electrical conductivity, organic C, and soil test P, Zn, Cu, and Mn levels, but the chlorotic field soils had relatively more NH₄OAc-extractable K and less clay and DTPA-extractable Fe. Chlorotic and green leaf blades contained about the same concentration of P, S, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mo, but the former leaf blades had more K and less Ca and HCl soluble Fe than the green ones. Green leaves of plants that seemed to have naturally recovered in chlorotic fields were higher in Mn. A foliage spray with 2.5% FeSO₄.7H₂O solution resulted in greening of leaves and a field experiment showed marked crop response to Fe and some response to Mn. The results thus suggest that the chlorosis is due to a lime-induced Fe-deficiency with the possibility of some role of Mn in Fe nutrition in calcareous soil conditions.Deceased 22 September 1988     

混合材对碱—碳酸盐反应的影响

利用快速测长法研究了混合材对碱—碳酸盐反应的影响。通过试验证明混合材能减缓碱—碳酸盐反应的速度,但不能有效地抑制碱—碳酸盐反应,并初步探讨了混合材不能有效地抑制碱—碳酸盐反应的机理。     

基于Hyperion数据的铜矿信息直接和间接提取方法研究

针对不同的地表覆盖条件,研究基于Hyperion星载高光谱数据的砂页岩型铜矿信息提取方法。首先对Hyperion L1级数据进行波段筛选、坏线修复、大气纠正和几何纠正等预处理,然后分别针对不同的植被覆盖情况使用不同的信息提取方法。在岩石裸露区,直接使用光谱角制图法;在植被覆盖区,使用铜金属离子的积累导致的植被生理异常作为间接标志来识别铜矿信息,生理异常使用高光谱植被指数来计算。结果表明,综合使用这两种方法的互补信息能够便于提取复杂地表覆盖情况下的铜矿信息。     

粗糙集理论在选矿生产成本分析中的应用

科学地分析影响原料消耗成本变化的主要因素,才能揭示成本变动原因,为成本控制提供有效依据.因此,提出基于粗糙集理论的原料消耗成本影响因素重要度确定方法.利用分类质量来度量各因素对原料消耗成本的影响程度,应用基于可辨识矩阵和逻辑运算方法求解决策表的最小简约,找出影响原料消耗成本的确定性因素和不确定性因素,为改进生产提供辅助决策支持.实例分析表明,该方法简捷实用,可定量分析影响因素对原料消耗成本的影响程度.     

Information Retrieval and Filtering of Multimedia Mineral Data

Most of the written materials are consisted of Multimedia (MM) information because beside text usually contain image information. The present information retrieval and filtering systems use only text parts of the documents or in best case images represented by keywords or image captions. Why do not use both, text and image features of the documents and in the retrieval or filtering process utilize more completely the document information content? Can such approach increase the effectiveness of retrieval and filtering processes? There is a very little difference between retrieval and filtering at an abstract level. In this paper, we will discuss some possible similarities and differences between them on the application level taking into account the experiments in retrieval and filtering of multimedia mineral information.     

硫酸盐环境下混凝土裂缝矿物自愈合性能研究

研究了30%粉煤灰混凝土在4种预加载损伤程度下,于清水和5.0%硫酸盐环境中的裂缝矿物自愈合性能,并对其自愈合产物进行了微观测试。采用相对动弹模量和抗压强度的相对变化来表征裂缝自愈合程度,探讨了5.0%硫酸盐溶液、30%粉煤灰、4种预加载程度和4个自愈合养护龄期对混凝土裂缝矿物自愈合的影响。试验结果表明,5.0%硫酸盐在设计的自愈合养护龄期内可以促进预加载损伤混凝土相对动弹模量和抗压强度的恢复;无论清水还是硫酸盐养护溶液,只有预加载程度较大时,30%粉煤灰对混凝土相对动弹模量和相对抗压强度的恢复才有显著的促进作用;5.0%硫酸盐溶液养护环境中,混凝土自愈合后的相对动弹模量和相对抗压强度的恢复能力都随着预加载程度的增大而逐渐降低,在28d自愈合养护龄期结束后,其混凝土相对动弹模量趋于稳定;微观测试分析结果表明,5.0%硫酸盐环境中的混凝土裂缝矿物自愈合产物成分主要是碳酸钙和少量钙矾石。     

电气石的环境功能属性及其复合功能材料应用研究

电气石是非金属矿物领域中较为重要的一类硅酸盐类矿物,属非可再生类天然矿物。电气石晶体具有化学成分复杂、晶形及颜色多样等特征。电气石晶体内部的物质及结构特征,使其具有压电性、热释电性、自发极化效应和释放负离子等特性。近年来,关于利用电气石的环境功能属性制备各类复合功能材料的研究已成为备受关注的热点。基于电气石的来源、分类、晶体内部物质成分与结构组成等,概述了电气石的理化结构特征及各环境功能属性,进而论述电气石及其复合功能材料在各个实际领域中的应用,归纳并总结电气石在现今环境污染治理应用当中存在的相关问题,最后对电气石及其复合功能材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

基于spss粗选钼尾矿选矿指标的数据分析

选矿工艺试验,往往是通过多次重复试验来保证所需试验精度。而大量的试验数据,会给选矿工作者在提取有价值数据和挖掘各数据相关性的工作中带来一定难度。spss中的因子分析方法,为指标测评抽象因子的统计方法。它可将原始数据中的信息重叠部分提取和综合成因子,进而最终实现减少变量个数的目的。文章以钼尾矿粗选的多次试验数据作为研究变量,结果表明,不但可以简化分析量,还可从众多数据中提炼出试验规律。因此得出结论,此方法不失为一种分析大量选矿数据的有效方法。     

岩石矿物的偏振反射光谱与物质折射率的关系研究

研究岩石矿物的偏振反射光谱特征,并研究岩石矿物的偏振度与物质折射率的关系问题。在理论上给出了一种利用偏振度计算物质折射率的方法。同时进行相应的实验,测定了十几种岩石、晶体在2π空间上的偏振反射光谱,讨论这些矿物晶体的偏振反射光谱特征。