优化指标法及自调整松驰系数的数学实质探讨

本文探讨了优化指标法及自调整松驰系数的数学实质,並从数学的角度出发,对KED的最优综合提出了一种新的迭代公式。     

橡胶细集料掺量及粗细程度对混凝土抗盐冻性能的影响

以橡胶颗粒取代砂子的取代率及细度模数为变量,通过二因素、四水平的正交试验,研究橡胶颗粒掺量和粗细程度对混凝土抗盐冻性能的影响.结果表明,橡胶细集料掺入混凝土中具有引气和填充的双重功效,可显著提高混凝土表面的抗盐冻性能.橡胶颗粒的取代率对混凝土抗盐冻性能影响特别显著,细度模数对混凝土抗盐冻性能影响显著.相对动弹性模量损失最初随着橡胶颗粒取代率的递增而减小,但当橡胶颗粒体积取代率大于40％时,相对动弹性模量损失随着橡胶颗粒取代率的递增而增加.在相同的取代率下,橡胶颗粒越细混凝土的相对动弹性模量损失越小.当橡胶颗粒取代率为40％,细度模数为1.38时,橡胶集料混凝土的抗盐冻等级已达到F500.     

Mechanical properties of lanthanum zirconate-based composite thermal barrier coatings

Lanthanum zirconate is a promising candidate material for thermal barrier coating (TBC) applications due to its low thermal conductivity and high temperature phase stability. However, its application is limited by thermal durability caused by low fracture toughness and low coefficient of thermal expansion. We recently developed LZ/8YSZ composite TBC systems using blended LZ and 8YSZ powders, which have demonstrated excellent thermal cycling performance. In this study, the mechanical properties of the composite TBCs were characterised using both nanoindentation and Vicker’s microhardness tests. The nanoindentation results show that both Young’s modulus and nanohardness increase with increasing 8YSZ content, suggesting the mechanical properties can be tailored by changing the volume ratio of 8YSZ. The ratios of Young’s modulus to nanohardness remain constant, ～18, irrespective to the coating’s composition. The microhardness results show the same dependence with 8YSZ content, which is confirmed by the analytic models based on composite theory.     

Study of the modulus of elasticity of polymer concrete compounds and comparative assessment of polymer concrete and portland cement concrete

The main aim of this study is to assess the modulus of elasticity of polymer concrete (PC) compounds produced using two types of binders: orthophtalic or isophtalic polyester. The compositions used were selected from a previous study that identified cost-effective PC compositions. Based on those data, the concentrations of polymer used were 12% of orthophtalic polyester and 13% of isophtalic polyester by weight of the dry materials. Fly ash was used as a filler and compositions with 8%, 12%, 16% and 20% of ash by weight of aggregate were studied. Results indicate that all compositions assessed in this study display high modulus of elasticity values. Statistical analysis of the data reveals that the type of resin and the concentration of fly ash, both in isolation and in combination, have a significant effect on the modulus of elasticity of these compounds.     

Biomechanical Evaluation of Ti-Nb-Sn Alloy Implants with a Low Young’s Modulus

Dental implants are widely used and are a predictable treatment in various edentulous cases. Occlusal overload may be causally related to implant bone loss and a loss of integration. Stress concentrations may be diminished using a mechanobiologically integrated implant with bone tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical behavior, biocompatibility and bioactivity of a Ti-Nb-Sn alloy as a dental implant material. It was compared with cpTi. Cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were quantified. To assess the degree of osseointegration, a push-in test was carried out. Cell proliferation and ALP activity in the cells grown on prepared surfaces were similar for the Ti-Nb-Sn alloy and for cpTi in all the experiments. A comparison between the Ti-Nb-Sn alloy implant and the cpTi implant revealed that no significant difference was apparent for the push-in test values. These results suggest that implants fabricated using Ti-Nb-Sn have a similar biological potential as cpTi and are capable of excellent osseointegration.     

Elastic and thermodynamic properties of Mo2C polymorphs from first principles calculations

Transition metal carbides have unique physical and chemical properties and been widely used in engineering parts that need to work under high temperatures and pressures. o-Mo₂C, h-Mo₂C and t-Mo₂C are three critical molybdenum carbides polymorphs while remaining are largely unknown in their mechanical anisotropy, hardness and thermal properties. In this work, we investigated systematically the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of these three candidate carbides using first principles calculations based on density functional theory. Our results showed that the bonds in these compounds were mainly of metallic and covalent type. The Gibbs free energy analysis showed thermodynamically stable structures for all the three carbides. Their shear moduli were estimated to range from 149.1 to 153.4 GPa and hardnesses were expected to be less than 20 GPa. Young׳s moduli were analyzed to have more anisotropic features than bulk modulus for all the three compounds. In addition, heat capacities were calculated to predominate by phonon excitations at high temperature but electron excitations at low temperatures near 0 K.     

Effect of particle morphology on viscoelastic and flexural properties of epoxy–alumina polymer nanocomposites

Nanocomposites were synthesised by dispersing two different types of alumina nanoparticles in epoxy matrix by ultrasonication. Alumina nanoparticles of two shapes, rod and spherical were selected to investigate the effect of particle morphology on viscoelastic and flexural properties of nanocomposites. Specific surface area of both the selected nanoparticles was kept in the similar range. Good dispersion of nanoparticles was observed through transmission electron microscopy. The addition of nanoparticles in epoxy had significant enhancement in the viscoelastic properties and moderate improvement in flexural properties of composites. Composites having alumina nanorods showed higher improvement both in storage modulus as well as in flexural properties in comparison to composites having spherical alumina nanoparticles. Efficacy of Mori-Tanaka method was explored in modelling storage modulus of nanocomposites. Assorted size of alumina nanorods based on particle size distribution was used to model composites with nanorods to see the effect of size assortment on storage modulus.     

复合材料古琴的动态弹性性能研究

选用比动态弹性模量这一动力学参数作为实验的研究指标来分析材料的动态响应,对不同铺层情况下的复合材料古琴面板和底板的比动态弹性模量进行测量,并与木质古琴的实验结果作比较。结果表明,特定铺层情况下的复合材料古琴与木质古琴的动态响应相近,证明了复合材料作为替代材料制作古琴的可行性,为进一步了解复合材料声学特性提供了依据。     

Synthesis of Succinic Gemini Surfactants and the Effect of Stereochemistry on Their Monolayer Behaviors

In this work, succinic gemini surfactants, dl‐ and meso‐2,3‐bis(alkyl)succinic acids (alkyl: C₆H₁₃–C₁₃H₂₇), were successfully synthesized by oxidative coupling of enolates of fatty acid tert‐butyl esters with copper(II) bromide followed by treatment with CF₃COOH. Focusing on the influence of stereochemistry (dl‐ and meso‐) of succinic geminis, their monolayer behaviors at the air–water interface were explored using surface pressure–area (Π–A) isotherms, the compression modulus of monolayers (ε_s), and Brewster angle microscope (BAM) analysis. meso‐2,3‐Bis(undecyl)succinic acid showed a unique isotherm where the surface pressure drastically decreased at A = ~0.56 nm² (Π = 21.9 mN m^?1) regardless of compression rates and subphase temperatures, while dl‐isomer showed the common isotherm of gas → liquid‐expanded → liquid‐condensed phase transitions. BAM analysis on meso‐2,3‐bis(undecyl)succinic acid films at the air–water interface showed that small islands of aggregates appear just after the maximum pressure (A = ~0.56 nm²), and on further compression needle‐shaped assemblies appear that can grow in size. It was reasonably concluded that hydrophobic interactions can operate more effectively in meso‐isomers than in dl‐isomers, and that meso‐molecules can “jump up” to cause a transition from monolayer to bilayer. This is the first finding of the “jumping‐up” phenomenon of gemini surfactants having meso‐stereochemistry.     

基于常规试验的土体侧限压缩模量计算方法及应用

根据e p曲线和e lgp曲线的关系,建立了一个土体侧限压缩模量简易计算方法,并将其应用于某实际工程,计算结果表明本方法更符合实际。