某型测速弹道枪弹丸动量与枪械后坐动量关系的探讨

弹丸动量和枪械后坐动量之间的关系是武器研究和测试部门长期以来研究的课题,通过对火炮弹道自由后坐试验的研究,从理论与工程实践的结合上,得出不支持采用现行方法MhWg=mυ0＋0.5ωυ0计算膛内时期终结时后坐部分具有的自由后坐动量。为验证所得结论的正确性,进行了弹道自由后坐试验,获得了某口径标准弹弹丸初速、某型测速弹道枪后坐速度-时间曲线等多项数据,并对数据进行了分析计算,得出应采用MhWg=mυ0计算膛内时期终结时后坐部分具有的自由后坐动量的结论。     

烟气残余旋转与烟道能量分布规律研究

通过对实际锅炉烟道烟气残余旋转流场的测量及大型切圆燃烧锅炉前、后屏过热器的布置特点分析,研究了切圆燃烧锅炉水平烟道烟气能量的分布规律。研究结果表明:烟道烟气能量分布呈现特有的不平衡规律,且容量超过300MW机组等级的大型切圆燃烧锅炉基本都是如此。     

Energy‐stepping integrators in Lagrangian mechanics

We present a class of integration schemes for Lagrangian mechanics, referred to as energy‐stepping integrators, that are momentum and energy conserving, symplectic and convergent. In order to achieve these properties we replace the original potential energy by a piecewise constant, or terraced approximation at steps of uniform height. By taking steps of diminishing height, an approximating sequence of energies is generated. The trajectories of the resulting approximating Lagrangians can be characterized explicitly and consist of intervals of piecewise rectilinear motion. We show that the energy‐stepping trajectories are symplectic, exactly conserve all the momentum maps of the original system and, subject to a transversality condition, converge to trajectories of the original system when the energy step is decreased to zero. These properties, the excellent long‐term behavior of energy‐stepping and its automatic time‐step selection property, are born out by selected examples of application, including the dynamics of a frozen Argon cluster, the spinning of an elastic cube and the collision of two elastic spheres. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

刚体平面运动对速度瞬心动量矩定理初探

本文讨论了刚体作平面运动时,动量矩定理的各种表达形式。特别是对速度瞬心的动量矩定理作了详细地探讨,并给出了具有简单形式的动量矩定理所应满足的条件。     

引入动态因子的改进MLMS谐波检测算法

针对原始加入动量项最小均方MLMS (momentum least mean square)算法在低信噪比情况下,容易产生稳态失调,提出一种引入动态因子的改进MLMS算法.该算法采用动态因子来控制步长对瞬时误差信号的敏感性,并且采用当前误差信号e(n)和上一次误差信号e(n-1)的自相关估计来调整步长迭代,增强了算法对噪声的抗干扰性,提高了谐波检测的精度.该算法在稳态精度上优于原始算法,MATLAB仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性和可行性.     

相对论性弹性碰撞的能量关系

利用动量中心系与实验室坐标系之间四维动量的变换关系，导出不同静止质量粒子间相对论性弹性碰撞的能量关系，并由此得出相同粒子间弹性碰撞的相对论结果．     

柔性机械系统撞击动力学研究状况及动向

本文分析了柔性多体系统撞击动力学发展的现状及存在的主要问题。并简略地介绍了我们近一、二年在此学科理论研究方面取得的一些成果。     

基于队列长度和速率的拥塞控制神经网络方法

文中研究了网络拥塞控制问题。PID控制器是实现网络拥塞控制非常有效的方法,能够实现对网络的主动队列管理。文中根据队列长度和变化速率,利用神经网络实现传统的比例微分积分器（PID）功能,从而提出了基于队列长度和速率的拥塞控制神经网络方法（RSPID）。该方法利用神经网络的加权动量梯度学习算法,自动调节控制参数,克服了传统PID控制方法由于控制器参数固定带来的适应性和稳定性问题。仿真结果表明,RSPID算法的鲁棒性和队列长度性能要优于PID算法。     

失速型风力发电机的建模与仿真研究

研究风力发电机系统优化控制问题,对风力发电进行设计,应通过风能带动发电机发电。但风力发电机组模型存在高阶、非线性问题,考虑因素很多。传统方法缺乏总体性能分析。为解决上述问题,建立了包括风力发电机组气动性能、传动系统部分和感应电机部分的一种新的较完善的失速型风力发电机组的动态数学模型。应用在MATLAB软件上,以数学模型为基础搭建了失速型风力发电机组数字仿真模型。并以稳态风速和动态风速为例,对600千瓦失速控制型风力发电机组进行了仿真计算。试验结果表明模型的正确性,为风力发电机组的进一步优化设计和优化控制等均提供了科学依据。     

Generating heavy particles with energy and momentum conservation

We propose a novel algorithm, called REGGAE, for the generation of momenta of a given sample of particle masses, evenly distributed in Lorentz-invariant phase space and obeying energy and momentum conservation. In comparison to other existing algorithms, REGGAE is designed for the use in multiparticle production in hadronic and nuclear collisions where many hadrons are produced and a large part of the available energy is stored in the form of their masses. The algorithm uses a loop simulating multiple collisions which lead to production of configurations with reasonably large weights.

Program summary

Program title: REGGAE (REscattering-after-Genbod GenerAtor of Events)Catalogue identifier: AEJR_v1_0Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEJR_v1_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen?s University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.htmlNo. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1523No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 9608Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: C++Computer: PC Pentium 4, though no particular tuning for this machine was performed.Operating system: Originally designed on Linux PC with g++, but it has been compiled and ran successfully on OS X with g++ and MS Windows with Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Express Edition, as well.RAM: This depends on the number of particles which are generated. For 10 particles like in the attached example it requires about 120 kB.Classification: 11.2Nature of problem: The task is to generate momenta of a sample of particles with given masses which obey energy and momentum conservation. Generated samples should be evenly distributed in the available Lorentz-invariant phase space.Solution method: In general, the algorithm works in two steps. First, all momenta are generated with the GENBOD algorithm. There, particle production is modeled as a sequence of two-body decays of heavy resonances. After all momenta are generated this way, they are reshuffled. Each particle undergoes a collision with some other partner such that in the pair center of mass system the new directions of momenta are distributed isotropically. After each particle collides only a few times, the momenta are distributed evenly across the whole available phase space. Starting with GENBOD is not essential for the procedure but it improves the performance.Running time: This depends on the number of particles and number of events one wants to generate. On a LINUX PC with 2 GHz processor, generation of 1000 events with 10 particles each takes about 3 s.