模糊综合评判在土木工程中的应用初探

针对土木工程技术领域许多研究对象具有“内涵明确,外延不明确”的特点,以及实际问题中决策变量的模糊性,介绍了运用模糊数学的基本概念进行模糊评判的基本方法,同时,对模糊综合评判在建筑工程中的应用进行了初步探讨。研究表明,模糊综合评判这一数学方法为土木工程中的工程决策等问题提供了一个有效的理论基础。     

Application of a computational decision model to examine acute drug effects on human risk taking.

In 3 previous experiments, high doses of alcohol, marijuana, and alprazolam acutely increased risky decision making by adult humans in a 2-choice (risky vs. nonrisky) laboratory task. In this study, a computational modeling analysis known as the expectancy valence model (J. R. Busemeyer & J. C. Stout, 2002) was applied to individual-participant data from these studies, for the highest administered dose of all 3 drugs and corresponding placebo doses, to determine changes in decision-making processes that may be uniquely engendered by each drug. The model includes 3 parameters: responsiveness to rewards and losses (valence or motivation); the rate of updating expectancies about the value of risky alternatives (learning/memory); and the consistency with which trial-by-trial choices match expected outcomes (sensitivity). Parameter estimates revealed 3 key outcomes: Alcohol increased responsiveness to risky rewards and decreased responsiveness to risky losses (motivation) but did not alter expectancy updating (learning/memory); both marijuana and alprazolam produced increases in risk taking that were related to learning/memory but not motivation; and alcohol and marijuana (but not alprazolam) produced more random response patterns that were less consistently related to expected outcomes on the 2 choices. No significant main effects of gender or dose by gender interactions were obtained, but 2 dose by gender interactions approached significance. These outcomes underscore the utility of using a computational modeling approach to deconstruct decision-making processes and thus better understand drug effects on risky decision making in humans. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

网页制作课程教学方法探讨

本文从教学内容、教学方法和教学评价等方面阐述《网页制作》课程的改革方式;以及如何提高学生学习本课程的兴趣,如何提高教学效果。     

校园网网站建设和网页制作的方法

教育的信息化发展推动了校园网建设,校园网与教育的有机结合又可以促进教育的信息化进程。本文主要介绍了校园网站建设及网页制作的一些方法和技巧。     

我院对外创收管理工作回顾与思考

本文总结了我院八年来对外创收管理工作的经验,提出了解决创收分配中处理好院系个人三者之关系和创收与教学、科研之关系;开辟创收渠道和完善财务管理制度,加强检查审计监督等问题。     

对合肥市郊县绿化造林的一点看法

对合肥市郊县的绿化造林现状作了分析，提出了切实可行的措施。     

现代造纸工业中高新技术的应用与发展

论述了现代造纸工业的特点及一些有代表性的高新技术在其中的应用，指出了国内造纸企业开发采用新技术所应当注意的一些问题。     

弯管流量计研究动向

本文从工作原理和流量方程式、流量系数、结构类型、产生的差压和压力损失等四个方面述评了弯管流量计的发展趋势。最后提出了关于实现弯管流量计标准化的几点建议,并探讨了今后的研究方向和研究方法。     

Minimizing a linear objective function under a fuzzy max-t norm relation equation constraint

The work examines the feasibility of minimizing a linear objective function subject to a max-t fuzzy relation equation constraint, where t is a continuous/Archimedean t-norm. Conventional methods for solving this problem are significantly improved by, first separating the problem into two sub-problems according to the availability of positive coefficients. This decomposition is thus more easily handled than in previous literature. Next, based on use of the maximum solution of the constraint equation, the sub-problem with non-positive coefficients is solved and the size of the sub-problem with positive coefficients reduced as well. This step is unique among conventional methods, owing to its ability to determine as many optimal variables as possible. Additionally, several rules are developed for simplifying the remaining problem. Finally, those undecided optimal variables are obtained using the covering problem rather than the branch-and-bound methods. Three illustrative examples demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms conventional schemes. Its potential applications are discussed as well.     

A method for stochastic multiple criteria decision making based on dominance degrees

This paper proposes a method for solving the stochastic multiple criteria decision making (SMCDM) problem, where consequences of alternatives with respect to criteria are represented by random variables with probability distributions. Firstly, definitions and related analysis of dominance degree of one probability distribution over another are given. Then, by calculating the dominance degrees, the dominance degree matrix of alternative pairwise comparisons with respect to each criterion is built. Further, using PROMETHEE II method, an overall dominance degree matrix of alternative pairwise comparisons is constructed, and a net flow of each alternative is calculated. Based on the obtained net flows, a ranking of alternatives is determined. Finally, numerical examples for the three cases are given to illustrate the use of the proposed method.