Coil‐Type Asymmetric Supercapacitor Electrical Cables

Cable‐shaped supercapacitors (SCs) have recently aroused significant attention due to their attractive properties such as small size, lightweight, and bendability. Current cable‐shaped SCs have symmetric device configuration. However, if an asymmetric design is used in cable‐shaped supercapacitors, they would become more attractive due to broader cell operation voltages, which results in higher energy densities. Here, a novel coil‐type asymmetric supercapacitor electrical cable (CASEC) is reported with enhanced cell operation voltage and extraordinary mechanical‐electrochemical stability. The CASECs show excellent charge–discharge profiles, extraordinary rate capability (95.4%), high energy density (0.85 mWh cm⁻³), remarkable flexibility and bendability, and superior bending cycle stability (≈93.0% after 4000 cycles at different bending states). In addition, the CASECs not only exhibit the capability to store energy but also to transmit electricity simultaneously and independently. The integrated electrical conduction and storage capability of CASECS offer many potential applications in solar energy storage and electronic gadgets.     

Twin screw granulation – review of current progress

Twin screw granulation (TSG) is a new process of interest to the pharmaceutical community that can continuously wet granulate powders, doing so at lower liquid concentrations and with better product consistency than found by a high shear batch mixer. A considerable body of research has evolved over the short time since this process was introduced but generally with little comparison of results. A certain degree of confidence has been developed through these studies related to how process variables and many attributes of machinery configuration will affect granulation but some major challenges still lay ahead related to scalability, variations in the processing regimes related to degree of channel fill and the impact of wetting and granulation of complex powder formulations. This review examines the current literature for wet granulation processes studied in twin screw extrusion machinery, summarizing the influences of operational and system parameters affecting granule properties as well as strives to provide some practical observations to newly interested users of the technique.     

Extending SSD Lifespan with Comprehensive Non-Volatile Memory-Based Write Buffers

Journal of Computer Science and Technology - New non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies are expected to replace main memory DRAM (dynamic random access memory) in the near future. NAND flash...     

Starch: a potential substrate for biohydrogen production

Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier with great potential to be an alternative fuel. Anaerobic hydrogen fermentation seems to be more favorable, since hydrogen is yielded at high rates and various organic waste and wastewater enriched with carbohydrates as substrate result in low cost for hydrogen production. Abundant biomass from various industries could be a source for biohydrogen production where combination of waste treatment and energy production would be an advantage. Carbohydrate‐rich nitrogen‐deficient solid wastes such as starch residues can be used for hydrogen production by using suitable bioprocess technologies. Alternatively, converting biomass into gaseous fuels, such as biohydrogen, is possibly the most efficient way to use these agroindustrial residues. This review summarizes the potential of starch agroindustrial residues as a substrate for biohydrogen production. Types of potential starch agroindustrial residues, recent developments and bio‐processing conditions for biohydrogen production will be discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于ANP-SWOT的上海公路废弃物资源化发展对策研究

随着公路系统的新陈代谢，大量废弃物给城市的资源与环境协调发展带来了巨大压力，以沥青路面再生技术为路径的公路废弃物资源化符合循环经济的理念，是我国公路建设迈向生态文明的必然选择。通过 ANP-SWOT 对上海公路废弃物资源化发展战略进行实证分析，发现当前形势下其优势和机遇较为明显，确定以 SO 策略为核心的推广战略为最佳选择，并提出一系列配套发展策略，为推动上海公路废弃物资源化提供参考。     

Stress-strain relations in elastoplastic solids with Dugdale-type cracks

Mechanical behavior of a two-dimensional elastoplastic solid with rectilinear cracks is investigated. Plastic strip model is used to reduce plasticity problem to the equivalent linear elasticity formulation. Two realizations of the mixed mode plastic strip model are considered: in-line plastic strips as proposed by Becker and Gross [Int. J. Fract. 37 (1988) 163], and inclined plastic strips of Panasyuk and Savruk [Appl. Mech. Rev. 47 (1994) 151]. The effective mechanical response predictions are based on the procedure presented in Kachanov et al., [Appl. Mech. Rev. 47 (1994) 151]. Stress-strain relations are obtained for parallel and randomly oriented non-interacting cracks. Results are compared with known elastic solutions.     

热镀锌板(卷)工程设计中的环境保护问题

对热镀锌板(卷)的生产工艺、主要生产设备进行了简要介绍，并就其污染源(工序)、生产过程中产生的污染物及其控制措施进行了评述，同时就设计和生产中宜注意的几个环保问题进行了分析。     

Electro-organic synthesis without supporting electrolyte: Possibilities of solid polymer electrolyte technology

The application of ion exchange membranes as solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) in fuel cells is state-of-the-art. This technology needs no supporting electrolyte; consequently it can be applied for electro-organic syntheses in order to save process steps. In this case the process is not predetermined to a maximized energy efficiency so that the selection of the cell design, of the electrode materials and of the operating conditions can be focused on a high selectivity of the electrode reactions. The electro-osmotic stream, which is caused by the solvation shells of the ions during their migration through the membrane, and hence is a typical property of SPE technology, has a significant effect on the electrode reactions. It generates enhanced mass transfer at the electrodes, which is beneficial for reaction selectivity. It can be influenced by the choice of, and possibly by the preparation of, the membrane. An additional remarkable advantage of SPE technology is the exceptional long durability of oxide coated electrodes. By combination of several process engineering methods stable operation of SPE cells has been realized, even for examples of non-aqueous reaction systems. Experiments up to 6000 h duration and in cells of up to 250 cm² membrane area show the potential for industrial application.     

美国固体照明技术进展概况

介绍了美国能源部于2002年开始实施的固体照明(SSL)技术的"下一代照明计划".同时对美国SSL技术的研发、生产和使用现状以及召开学术会议的情况做了叙述.