基于Zigbee技术的顶板离层仪网络研究

针对目前煤矿使用的顶板离层仪类型,以及根据顶板离层的测量原理和实际中工作人员记录顶板离层数据的方式,文章创新性地提出了采用Zigbee技术进行数据的传输;利用分站和每个测量点处的顶板离层仪构成了无线传感网络,通过分站人机交互界面就可对矿井巷道顶板离层的状态进行实时监测,实现了顶板离层监测的自动化和网络化;采用了分段式数字电容传感器,提高了产品整体测量精度,降低了成本。     

顺层钻孔水力压裂有效影响半径确定与抽采效果分析

为了增加煤层透气性,提高煤层瓦斯抽采效果,以某矿501工作面煤层地质条件为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场试验等方法,对某矿煤层起裂压力、单次压裂时间、压裂流量、影响半径、压裂钻孔抽采效果等参数展开研究。结果表明,模拟压裂孔注水1 h后,煤层压力由压裂孔向周围迅速降低,最终呈现出以压裂孔为圆心的圆形区域的致裂范围,最大压裂半径达到8.315 m;当对压裂泵主动升压至38 MPa时,煤层瞬间破裂,压力回降,流量瞬间增大,且达到压裂泵额定流量值,此时,煤体破裂效果完美;4号压裂孔首次压裂已经接近压穿煤体,进行第二次压裂时,流量曲线增加比较平稳,说明该孔在之前已贯通大部分裂隙,压裂半径可达22 m;对水力压裂孔和普通钻孔进行抽采比较发现,压裂3号钻孔的瓦斯浓度平均达到17.68%效果最为显著,与普通钻孔相比其平均浓度为1号普通钻孔的4.77倍、2号普通钻孔的3.12倍。     

采动条件下煤体渗透率演化方程的构建及应用

在对煤体全应力应变过程渗透性变化规律进行分析的基础上,基于应变等价原理,构建了以等效塑性应变为变量的损伤模型和以损伤变量作为过渡变量的渗透率演化方程,并采用数值模拟的方法对渗透率演化方程进行了应用。渗透性方程能够正确地表示出采动条件下煤体的渗透性变化规律,可为采动条件下煤层瓦斯渗流耦合规律的研究和提高煤层瓦斯抽采效果提供技术支持。     

新型煤尘抑尘剂的制备及特性

以大豆分离蛋白为黏结剂,在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠以及甲基硅酸钠等助剂的共同作用下,开发了一种新型煤尘抑尘剂。通过在神州混煤、烟煤、无烟煤的静止煤堆表面上进行试验发现:该抑尘剂具有广泛的适用性。实验还发现,在同样条件下,该抑尘剂比市场上常用的二种同类产品具有更优异的抗风性和防水渗透性。这与所开发的抑尘剂喷洒在煤料上能够形成一层坚硬的固化层有关,该固化层具有一定的强度、抗风性、抗雨淋性。更进一步地,该抑尘剂所采用的大豆分离蛋白是天然可再生材料,不会对环境在成二次污染。     

纳米Mn-Zn铁氧体电磁吸波水泥基材料的制备与性能

利用化学共沉淀法制备纳米Mn-Zn铁氧体磁流体,再以一定比例将其掺入水泥浆体制备吸波层,以膨胀珍珠岩作为匹配层,制备双层水泥基吸波材料,研究了不同纳米组分掺入量对该种水泥基材料吸波性能的影响.结果表明:纳米Mn-Zn铁氧体吸波砂浆在厚度(20+10)mm、掺量7%时,在8~18 GHz频段内反射率都小于-10 dB,最小反射率为18 GHz处的-15.1 dB.     

Nano‐engineered nickel catalysts supported on 4‐channel α‐Al2O3 hollow fibers for dry reforming of methane

A nickel (Ni) nanoparticle catalyst, supported on 4‐channel α‐Al₂O₃ hollow fibers, was synthesized by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles were successfully deposited on the outside surfaces and the inside porous structures of hollow fibers. The catalyst was employed to catalyze the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction and showed a methane reforming rate of 2040 Lh^?1gNi^?1 at 800°C. NiAl₂O₄ spinel was formed when Ni nanoparticles were deposited on alpha‐alumina substrates by ALD, which enhanced the Ni‐support interaction. Different cycles (two, five, and ten) of Al₂O₃ ALD films were applied on the Ni/hollow fiber catalysts to further improve the interaction between the Ni nanoparticles and the hollow fiber support. Both the catalyst activity and stability were improved with the deposition of Al₂O₃ ALD films. Among the Al₂O₃ ALD coated catalysts, the catalyst with five cycles of Al₂O₃ ALD showed the best performance. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 2625–2631, 2018     

Effects of in-situ carbon layer and volume fraction of SiC fiber on the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of SiCf/SiC composites fabricated by a modified PIP method

Unidirectional SiC_f/SiC composites (UD SiC_f/SiC composites) with excellent mechanical properties were successfully fabricated by a modified PIP method which involved the preparation of film-like matrix containing carbon layer with a low concentration PCS solution followed by the rapid densification of composites with a high concentration PCS solution. Carbon layers were in-situ formed and alternating with SiC layers in the as-received matrix. The unique microstructure endows the composites with appropriate interfacial bonding state, good load transfer ability of interphase and matrix and load bearing ability of fiber, and great crack deflection capacity, which ensures the synergy of high strength and toughness of composites. It is also found that the fiber volume fraction in the preform makes a non-negligible effect on the distribution of interphase and matrix, of which the reasonable adjustment can be utilized to optimize the mechanical properties of composites. Compared with the composites only using high concentration PCS solution, the UD SiC_f/SiC composites prepared by the modified PIP method exhibit superior mechanical properties. Ultrahigh flexural strength of 1318.5 ± 158.3 MPa and fracture toughness of 47.6 ± 5.6 MPa·m^1/2 were achieved at the fiber volume fraction of 30%.     

麦羟基硅钠石的可控合成及其阳离子交换性能研究

目前,开发绿色高效的重金属吸附材料受到人们的广泛关注。以硅藻土为原料,经水热法选择性地制备了2类硅酸盐材料即麦羟基硅钠石和方沸石。吸附测试结果表明,麦羟基硅钠石层间的钠离子能够与锂离子、镁离子、锌离子、钴离子、镍离子、铜离子等进行阳离子交换且能保持层状母体框架的稳定性。以钴离子、镍离子为例深入研究其吸附动力学和吸附机制发现,钴离子和镍离子的嵌入分别将麦羟基硅钠石的层间距由本征的1.56 nm减小到0.24、0.23 nm;室温下,对钴离子、镍离子的最大吸附量分别可达45、39 mg/g,均符合Langmuir单层吸附模型;钠离子的置换量大约是吸附的钴离子、镍离子量的两倍,证实层间离子交换主导吸附化学过程。因此,麦羟基硅钠石材料在多金属硅酸盐功能材料的合成以及环境吸附净化领域具有较大的应用潜力。     

From Laboratory Experiments to Design of a Conveyor-Belt Dryer via Mathematical Modeling

Abstract

A conveyor-belt dryer for picrite has been modeled mathematically in this work. The necessary parameters for the system of equations were obtained from regression analysis of thin-layer drying data. The convective drying experiments were carried out at temperatures of 40, 60, 80, and 100°C and air velocities of 0.5 and 1.5 m/sec. To analyze the drying behavior, the drying curves were fitted to different semi-theoretical drying kinetics models such as those of Lewis, Page, Henderson and Pabis, Wang and Singh, and the decay models. The decay function (for second order reactions) gives better results and describes the thin layer drying curves quite well. The effective diffusivity was also determined from the integrated Fick's second law equation and correlated with temperature using an Arrhenius-type model. External heat and mass transfer coefficients were refitted to the empirical correlation using dimensionless numbers (J _h , J _D  = m · Re ⁿ ) and their new coefficients were optimized as a function of temperature. The internal mass transfer coefficient was also correlated as a function of moisture content, air temperature, and velocity.     

薄板弯曲时树脂基碳纤维智能层的力阻响应

将智能层附于足够大的矩形薄板表面,通过不同的弯曲试验构造出多种表面应变状态,基于三种工况下的试验结果,建立智能层电阻变化与平面二维应变状态之间的映射关系,该关系表明纵向应变对智能层的电阻变化的影响占主导地位。在此基础上对其它工况下智能层的电阻变化率进行了预测,其结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性。