建筑结构用再生混凝土水平受力构件研究进展

对29个尺寸为300 mm×300 mm×600 mm的自密实再生块体混凝土棱柱体试件开展直剪性能和单轴受压性能试验研究。探讨了废旧混凝土块体取代率及特征尺寸对自密实再生块体混凝土的直剪强度、抗压强度的影响,并进一步分析了自密实再生块体混凝土棱柱体的直剪强度与抗压强度之间的关系。试验表明：自密实再生块体混凝土内新混凝土与废旧混凝土粘结良好;当自密实再生块体混凝土中的自密实混凝土强度高于废旧混凝土块体强度时,试件的直剪性能会由于废旧混凝土块体的取代率的增加而劣化;特征尺寸比介于0.22~0.44时,块体的特征尺寸对自密实再生块体混凝土直剪强度和抗压强度的影响不明显,可以近似忽略;自密实再生块体混凝土的剪压比随废旧混凝土块体取代率和特征尺寸均无显著变化,其值近似为0.1。基于试验结果,提出了棱柱体自密实再生块体混凝土试件的直剪强度计算公式,建立了直剪强度测试值与抗压强度计算值之间的关系,计算结果与试验值吻合良好。     

两跨连续GFRP-混凝土空心组合板受力性能试验研究

为研究高延性混凝土(HDC)加固钢筋混凝土梁的受剪性能,该文对7根HDC加固梁及4根未加固梁进行静力试验,研究剪跨比、配箍率、加固层厚度和加固层附加箍筋对钢筋混凝土梁破坏形态、荷载-挠度曲线、受剪承载力以及裂缝的影响。结果表明：采用HDC面层对钢筋混凝土梁进行受剪加固,可以显著提高梁的受剪承载力;HDC面层可以代替部分箍筋的受剪作用,改善钢筋混凝土梁的剪切破坏形态;加固试件在达到极限位移之后,试件的完整性较好,剩余承载力较高。基于试验结果,利用桁架-拱模型,提出了HDC加固钢筋混凝土梁的受剪承载力计算公式,计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

我国钢管混凝土拱桥应用现状与展望

以轴压比、含钢率和钢材强度为参数,进行了8根高强钢管超高强混凝土柱和1根普通强度钢管超高强混凝土对比柱的拟静力试验,分析了各参数对破坏形态、荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线和各个抗震性能指标(如延性、耗能和强度与刚度退化等)的影响程度。结果表明：压弯破坏为主要破坏模式;弹性刚度受轴压比影响不大,但受含钢率和钢材强度影响较大;极限承载力受轴压比、含钢率和钢材强度影响较大,随前者增大而降低,随后两者增大而增大;延性受轴压比、钢材强度和含钢率影响较大,随前两者增大降低,随后者增大而增大;耗能能力随轴压比增大而减弱,随含钢率和钢材强度增大而增强;刚度和强度退化程度随轴压比增大而降低,随含钢率增大而增大,且前者随钢材强度增大而增大,后者则随钢材强度增大呈减小趋势。通过对比不同规程抗弯刚度计算方法,结果表明：受材料适用范围限制,各规程不适用于该类高强材料组合构件。     

螺旋波等离子体研究进展

螺旋波等离子体为目前能产生最高等离子体密度的低温等离子体源之一,在低温等离子体应用领域中备受关注。螺旋波等离子体源具有电离效率高、电子密度高、约束磁场低、结构相对简单、可在极低气压下放电等优点,使其在集成电路工艺、薄膜沉积、刻蚀、表面改性和等离子体宇航推进等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文综述了近年来螺旋波等离子体的主要研究进展,包括螺旋波等离子体的基本原理、耦合机制、低场峰现象、双电层结构等放电特性以及推进机制的研究进展,在此基础上展望了螺旋波等离子体未来的发展方向。     

煤矸石基混凝土在井下巷道硬化工程中的应用试验

煤矸石是我国目前排放量较大的固体废弃物之一,利用煤矸石部分或全部代替混凝土粗骨料生产煤矸石基混凝土是其高效利用的途径。通过实验室开展不同煤矸石粗骨料替代率、水胶比、添加剂等条件下的煤矸石基混凝土的抗压强度试验,探究煤矸石基混凝土的基本力学性能,确定煤矸石基混凝土的最佳配合比。研究结果表明：煤矸石基混凝土抗压强度随着煤矸石粗骨料替代率的增大而减小;在胶凝材料中加入质量比为5%的硅灰、0.3%的减水剂有助于迅速提高煤矸石基混凝土的前期强度。在山西李村煤矿二采区胶带巷5^#辅运联巷开展了煤矸石基混凝土的井下硬化试验,验证了煤矸石基混凝土在井下硬化工程中的良好效果。     

行波测距在电力系统中应用

简要分析电力系统现状,阐述行波理论,在此基础上将行波理论用于实际情况来验证可行性并举出算例进行说明,最后分析并展望行波理论。     

Application of strength reduction method to dynamic anti-sliding stability analysis of high gravity dam with complex dam foundation

Considering that there are some limitations in analyzing the anti-sliding seismic stability of dam-foundation systems with the traditional pseudo-static method and response spectrum method,the dynamic strength reduction method was used to study the deep anti-sliding stability of a high gravity dam with a complex dam foundation in response to strong earthquake-induced ground action.Based on static anti-sliding stability analysis of the dam foundation undertaken by decreasing the shear strength parameters of ...     

On the mechanical characterization of materials by Arcan-type specimens

The simple circular notched specimen was originally proposed by Arcan to characterize the elastic properties of fibre-reinforced composites. Unfortunately, its optimized geometry does not allow to measure with reasonable accuracy both the material shear strength and the conditions of failure under a generic biaxial stress state, since the effects of stress concentration on the fillets of the two V-grooves and on the inner circular edges are responsible of premature fractures due to the uniaxial stress states of the notch edges.In a previous numerical study carried out by a parametric two-dimensional finite element model, some of the Authors of this paper found a new optimal geometry of the Arcan specimen able to minimize the notch effect and achieve a uniform pure shear stress field in the gauge cross-section. In the present paper, starting from such a geometry, a new type of Arcan specimen is proposed, having not uniform thickness. An extensive three-dimensional parametric finite element analysis has been done to define its optimal shape. The numerical results show that the new specimen is able to achieve, with a higher probability, material fracture in the minimum cross-section under a pure shear stress distribution which is more uniform than those acting in the Arcan specimen typologies until now proposed.     

Adiabatic shear failure in brittle solids

Recent studies have revealed microscopic amorphous lamella resulting from inelastic deformation in the ballistic impact of boron carbide ceramic. The possibility that these deformation features are a consequence of adiabatic shear deformation in the impact event is explored. An early theory of adiabatic shear that was limited to the response of rigid-plastic deformation is expanded to include elastic strain energy. The study reveals that elastic strain energy is commonly a small, but not negligible, contribution to impact-induced adiabatic shear in metals. Elastic strain energy is paramount in brittle solids. Relations are developed from the theory to predict the nominal width and spacing of adiabatic shear-bands in brittle solids. Comparisons of the theoretical predictions are consistent with observations of impact-induced deformation features in boron carbide.     

Blood flow in the rabbit aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta

The distribution of atherosclerotic lesions within the rabbit vasculature, particularly within the descending thoracic aorta, has been mapped in numerous studies. The patchy nature of such lesions has been attributed to local variation in the pattern of blood flow. However, there have been few attempts to model and characterize the flow. In this study, a high-order continuous Galerkin finite-element method was used to simulate blood flow within a realistic representation of the rabbit aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta. The geometry, which was obtained from computed tomography of a resin corrosion cast, included all vessels originating from the aortic arch (followed to at least their second generation) and five pairs of intercostal arteries originating from the proximal descending thoracic aorta. The simulations showed that small geometrical undulations associated with the ductus arteriosus scar cause significant deviations in wall shear stress (WSS). This finding highlights the importance of geometrical accuracy when analysing WSS or related metrics. It was also observed that two Dean-type vortices form in the aortic arch and propagate down the descending thoracic aorta (along with an associated skewed axial velocity profile). This leads to the occurrence of axial streaks in WSS, similar in nature to the axial streaks of lipid deposition found in the descending aorta of cholesterol-fed rabbits. Finally, it was observed that WSS patterns within the vicinity of intercostal branch ostia depend not only on local flow features caused by the branches themselves, but also on larger-scale flow features within the descending aorta, which vary between branches at different locations. This result implies that disease and WSS patterns in the vicinity of intercostal ostia are best compared on a branch-by-branch basis.