烹饪职业技能鉴定的问题及对策

烹饪鉴定考核是测量厨师技能水平的主要方法。当前的烹饪考核体系已不能适应行业发展的需要,也不能适应餐饮企业对高素质烹饪人才的需要,因此,必须从考核内容、考核方法以及鉴定过程等方面进行较大幅度的调整,以达到“考用结合,考核为市场服务”的功能。     

浅谈山东家织土布

山东家织土布主要流行于鲁西南、鲁西北地区,不仅其制作工序十分复杂,织造纹样亦十分丰富。山东家织土布装饰纹样仅以经纬线的不同变化,即可织造出近千种几何图案,其织造技巧令人赞叹,是山东地区十分有特色的民间手工艺之一。     

Variability, covariation, and invariance with respect to coordinate systems in motor control: Reply to Smeets and Louw (2007).

In their comment on the tolerance-noise covariation (TNC) method for decomposing variability by H. Müller and D. Sternad (2003, 2004b), J. B. J. Smeets and S. Louw (see record 2007-01135-017) show that covariation (C), as defined within the TNC method, is not invariant with respect to coordinate transformations and contend that it is, therefore, meaningless. Although the observation is correct, their interpretation is misleading in the following ways: (a) They equate covariation C with the known statistical quantity covariance and noise (N) with standard deviations. The two quantities C and N are conceptually different statistical measures. (b) Dependency on the reference frame is not only a feature of C but of all 3 components. However, such dependency is ubiquitous in motor control. (c) As the frame of reference in biological systems is poorly understood, the TNC method may afford evaluation of different coordinates for control. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

从课程设计和毕业设计看园林制图课程的改革方向

整理和归纳了当前园林专业课程设计和毕业设计中存在的不符合国家制图标准、基本技能偏低、工程技术知识缺乏、拖图现象突出等问题.分析了上述问题的成因.提出了解决问题的办法,即使学生明确学习目标、掌握学习方法、强化标准意识、加强教学实践环节、改革教学方法和手段等,以培养学生识图、作图的基本能力,全面提高教学质量.     

以技能为核心开展钢结构教学改革

长期以来,高职高专院校钢结构课程不被重视,大学毕业生钢结构理论素养和实际技能不高,远远滞后于钢结构行业的发展.本文分析了钢结构课程面临的形势和现状,对钢结构课程基本技能作了剖析,并从教学内容、教学方法等方面提出一系列改革措施.     

背越式跳高起跳时摆动腿踝关节背屈的重要性

运用解剖学、运动生物力学等方法对背越式跳高起跳过程中摆动腿的踝关节背屈(脚尖"勾起")技术进行了分析.得出的结论是:在背越式起跳过程中摆动腿脚尖"勾起"并制动,可使身体重心的垂直速度增大,身体重心高度增加,而且有利于摆动腿沿正确的方向摆动,提高摆动腿摆动速度.     

Access报表应用技巧

合理运用Access报表内置的事件、方法、属性能够更深层次的设计报表,以解决一些报表难题.     

Design and evaluation of robot patient for nursing skill training in patient transfer

We developed a robot patient for patient transfer training for simulating a patient’s performance during patient transfer and for enabling nurses to practice their nursing skills on it. To realize the robot patient, we focused on addressing the problems of designing its limb actions to enable it to respond to nurses’ operations. RC servos and electromagnetic brakes were installed in the joints to enable the robot to simulate a patient’s limb actions, such as embracing and remaining standing. To enable the robot to automatically respond to nurses’ operations, an identification method for these operations was developed that used voice commands and the features of the limbs’ posture measured by angle sensors installed in the robot’s joints. The robot patient’s performance was examined by a control test in which four experienced nursing teachers performed patient transfer with the robot patient and a human-simulated patient. The results revealed that the robot patient could successfully simulate the actions of a patient’s limbs according to the nursing teachers’ operations and that it is suitable for nursing skill training.     

Industrial cultural determinants of technological developments: Skill transfer or power transfer?

This paper discusses the social effects resulting from the transfer of knowledge and skill both in the spheres of production and machine design. Relevant design determinants and their impact on technological developments are discussed within the theoretical framework of industrial cultures. Two types of skill transfer are analysed in connection with different production philosophies — one more Tayloristic, the other more workshop-oriented. Finally, the paper discusses the relation of both philosophies to the requirements of future production concepts.