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991.
针对倾动炉阳极板拒收率偏高的情况,对拒收的阳极板进行统计分析,发现阳极板锥度和偏重是主要原因。对引起阳极板锥度和偏重的因素进行现场调查并分析,确定主要影响因素为铜模喷涂效果和浇铸包使用寿命。其后通过设计自动移动喷涂装置和更换浇铸包耐火材料,拒收率得到了大幅降低,从而降低了阳极板的回炉成本,实现了预期目标,拒收率稳定在可控范围内。 相似文献
992.
离心熔铸技术在大口径非球面镜镜胚的制造方面具有独特优势。本文通过自行研制的缩比模型实验机进行试验,深入研究了离心熔铸工艺及成型镜胚质量,详细介绍了模具涂层的制备、离心熔铸的加热及冷却等工艺过程,制备了非球面镜镜胚模型。采用数值模拟与试验研究相结合的方法,对所得镜胚面形偏差工艺参数的敏感性进行了研究。分析了模具的热膨胀系数、镜胚冷却速率、直径及加热温度对面形偏差的影响,得到了偏差工艺参数的敏感性规律。通过对面形偏差进行两次迭代补偿,面形偏差值从-84μm降到33μm,补偿后的结果满足设计要求。采用离心熔铸技术,可以制备满足上表面垂直偏差在30~40μm范围内的非球面镜镜胚。 相似文献
993.
Nickel alloys are extensively used in aerospace, automotive, marine, nuclear, petro-chemical and food processing industries due to properties like high strength, resistance to heat, resistance to corrosion, etc. However, machining of these alloys pose many challenges in machining such as: work hardening, high temperatures at the cutting zone, rapid tool wear, reduced tool-life, etc. Attempts are made to overcome these challenges by using various cryogenic techniques. This paper, therefore discusses different techniques such as cryogenic cooling, cryogenic treatment of tool and simultaneous use of cryogenic cooling of tool and heating of workpiece (hybrid technique) and their effects on machinability of Nickel alloys with the help of indicators like tool-life, surface roughness, residual stresses, etc. It is concluded that cryogenic techniques are helpful in improving the machining performance by way of improvement in tool-life and surface quality. This happens due to better cooling by cryogen and improved tool properties after cryogenic treatment. However, based on the published works, it is not possible to decide about the following: correct amount of cryogen required for cooling, appropriate cryogenic tool treatment cycle to be used and the best parameters for machining of Nickel alloys. Therefore, future research should focus on these aspects. 相似文献
994.
995.
Influences of van der waals volume of substitute groups on CO2 permselectivity of polyimide‐A molecular simulation study 下载免费PDF全文
Polyimide (PI) as a typical glassy polymer material was investigated by molecular simulation to reveal the relationship between polymer molecular structure and its gas separation properties. The influences of van der waals volume (Vw) on CO2 permselectivity of PI polymers (with four kinds of backbone substitute groups and a series of side substitute groups from small to large volume) and Vw was proposed as an intermediate to establish the relationship between the substitute group and permselectivity. The results show that the CO2 permeability (P) simply increases and CO2/N2 selectivity (S) decreases with the increasing Vw of side substitute groups. The linear fitline of P‐Vw is much suitable to describe and predict the effect of the increasing Vw of side substitute group on improving permeability by analyzing the experimental and calculated CO2 permeability. The increasing Vw of backbone substitute group can slow down the increasing of CO2 permeability, but result in the decreasing first and then recovering to the original level. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41082. 相似文献
996.
Designing and preparing of quercetin surface‐imprinted material and its molecular recognition characteristics 下载免费PDF全文
Quercetin is an important compound of flavonoids. In this work, quercetin molecule surface‐imprinted material with high performance was prepared using a novel surface‐imprinting technique of “synchronously graft‐polymerizing and imprinting.” The modified micron‐sized silica gel particles containing amino groups were used as matrix, methacrylic acid (MAA) was used as functional monomer, and N,N′‐Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) was used as crosslinker. In dimethyl formamide solution of quercetin, MAA molecules arranged automatically around the template quercetin molecule by right of hydrogen bonding interactions of two type, ordinary hydrogen bond and π‐type hydrogen bond. By initiating the surface‐initiating system of – , the graft/cross‐linking polymerization of MAA on SiO2 particles and the quercetin molecule surface‐imprinting were simultaneously carried out, forming quercetin molecule surface‐imprinted material MIP‐PMAA/SiO2. With another two flavonoids, rutin and genistein, as contrasting substances, the molecule recognition character of the quercetin molecule surface‐imprinted material MIP‐PMAA/SiO2 was investigated with batch and column methods. The experimental results show that the imprinted material MIP‐PMAA/SiO2 possesses special recognition selectivity and excellent binding affinity for quercetin molecule. The binding capacity of MIP‐PMAA/SiO2 for quercetin is 0.325 mmol/g, and its selectivity coefficients for quercetin relative to rutin and genistein are 7.69 and 4.40, respectively. The main conditions of imprinting process affect the property of MIP‐PMAA/SiO2 greatly, and the optimal molar ratio of monomer MAA to crosslinker MBA is 7 : 1 and appropriate molar ratio of monomer MAA to template quercetin is equal to 6 : 1. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41112. 相似文献
997.
Two types of degradable poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) hydrogels that are suitable for the absorption of heavy metals have been presented. The PPG‐O‐P(O)Cl2 fragments obtained by treating hexafunctional PPG with phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3) react with 1,3‐propanediamine (PDA; Gel‐1 ) or PDA together with 1,2‐ethanedithiol ( Gel‐2 ), to yield cross‐linked and water‐swellable hydrogels in a one‐pot method. This protocol for the fabrication of PPG hydrogels exhibits promising advantages over prior methods including a short reaction time, mass‐production, easy separation, and high yield. A series of heavy metal ions were employed to test the adsorptive properties of the hydrogels. Gel‐2 shows better adsorption capacity than Gel‐1 for all the metal ions and the metal ions adsorption efficiency of the two types of hydrogels is in the order of Fe(III) > Pb(II) > Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Hg(II). The amounts of metal ions adsorbed increases with metal ion concentration and hydrogel dosage, but decreases with temperature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40610. 相似文献
998.
Effect of gas permeation temperature and annealing procedure on the performance of binary and ternary mixed matrix membranes of polyethersulfone,SAPO‐34, and 2‐hydroxy 5‐methyl aniline 下载免费PDF全文
This study investigated the effect of annealing time and temperature on gas separation performance of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) prepared from polyethersulfone (PES), SAPO‐34, and 2‐hydroxy 5‐methyl aniline (HMA). A postannealing period at 120°C for a week extensively increased the reproducibility and stability of MMMs, but for pure PES membranes no post‐annealing was necessary for stable and reproducible performance. The effect of operation temperature was also investigated. The permeabilities of H2, CO2, and CH4 increased with increasing permeation temperature from 35°C to 120°C, yet CO2/CH4 and H2/CH4 selectivities decreased. PES/SAPO‐34/HMA ternary and PES/SAPO‐34 binary MMMs exhibited the highest ideal selectivity and permeability values at all temperatures, respectively. For H2/CO2 pair, when temperature increased from 35°C to 120°C, selectivity increased from 3.2 to 4.6 and H2 permeability increased from 8 to 26.5 Barrer for ternary MMM, demonstrating the advantage of using this membrane at high temperatures. The activation energies were in the order of CH4 > H2 > CO2 for all membranes. PES/SAPO‐34/HMA membrane had activation energies higher than that of PES/SAPO‐34 membrane, suggesting that HMA acts as a compatibilizer between the two phases. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40679. 相似文献
999.
Enhanced gas separation properties of metal organic frameworks/polyetherimide mixed matrix membranes 下载免费PDF全文
Cuijia Duan Guodong Kang Dandan Liu Lina Wang Can Jiang Yiming Cao Quan Yuan 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2014,131(17)
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are supposed to be ideal additives for mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). In this article one kind of MOFs, Cu3(BTC)2, is synthesized, then directly incorporated into a model polymer (Ultem®1000) using N,N‐dimethylacetamide as solvent. Cu3(BTC)2 particles are uniformly dispersed and there are no interfacial defects in the prepared MMMs when Cu3(BTC)2 loading is not more than 35 wt %, seen in SEM images. Pure gas permeation tests show that gas permeability increases obviously with Cu3(BTC)2 loading increase, while ideal selectivities of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 are almost unchanged. For MMM with the best separation property, CO2 permeability increases about 2.6 times and CO2/N2 selectivity remains almost unchanged. Results about gas diffusivity and solubility indicate that gas diffusivity and solubility make contribution to gas permeability increase at the same time but in different ways. Gas permeation properties of MMMs are well predicted by Maxwell or Bruggeman model. © 2014 The Authors Journal of Applied Polymer Science Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40719. 相似文献
1000.
Thin film composite sodium alginate membranes for dehydration of acetic acid and isobutanol 下载免费PDF全文
Dehydration of widely used organic solvents such as acetic acid (AA) and isobutanol (IB) is challenging tasks, which form close boiling mixtures with water. Sodium alginate (SA) thin film composite membranes were prepared and crosslinked with 2,4‐toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and glutaraldehyde for dehydration of IB and AA/water mixtures through pervaporation (PV). The crosslinked and uncrosslinked SA composite membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and universal testing machine for intermolecular interactions, crystalline nature, thermal stability, surface morphology, and tensile strength, respectively. At a feed composition of 98 wt % IB and 95 wt % AA aqueous solutions, the TDI crosslinked SA composite membrane exhibited separation factors of 3229 and 708 with reasonable fluxes of 0.021 and 0.012 kg m?2 h?1, respectively. The results obtained in the study for IB and AA systems were compared with other SA membranes reported in the literature. The membranes appeared to have potential for commercial PV ability to dehydrate the solvents up to desirable purity levels (>99%) and feasibility of preparing them in a composite form which would enable scale‐up into modular configurations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2014 , 131, 40018. 相似文献