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21.
某水电站泄洪闸采用大吨位预应力闸墩承受弧形闸门支臂传递的巨大水推力,通过近2 年的闸墩锚索
拉力监测发现,锚索张拉力损失部分超过15%,并尚未收敛,且闸墩在宣泄洪水过程中曾出现过强烈振动现象.
为进一步明确锚索拉力损失是否对闸墩动态特性(包括模态特性、动位移与动应力特性)产生影响,建立了闸墩
-基础-锚索整体有限元模型,通过制作闸墩水力学模型并采用力传感器测量作用于闸墩上的整体面荷载,获取
不同运行工况下的闸墩整体水动力荷载时程线,以此为有限元模型输入荷载进行闸墩动态响应计算,分析了泄
洪闸预应力闸墩主、次锚索不同索力损失对闸墩的动态特性的影响,研究成果可为工程安全运行提供重要
参考. 相似文献
22.
预应力组合梁作为一种新型的结构,其承载力影响因素众多.受外荷载时,预应力钢-混组合梁的混凝土翼板和钢梁不可能实现完全共同作用,交界面处会发生相对滑移,对其受力性能产生不利影响,因此有必要对预应力组合梁的界面滑移进行深入研究.根据预应力钢-混组合梁界面滑移的试验结果,分析了钢-混组合梁界面滑移的分布和发展规律,界面滑移随荷载的增大而增大,在组合梁的弹性工作阶段变化较慢,弹塑性阶段增加较快;相对滑移会导致钢和混凝土交界面上产生应变差. 相似文献
23.
The design of reinforced concrete (RC) flexural members such as beams, slabs and columns is intrinsically based on the inherent ductility of the member. In reinforced concrete beams and slabs, ductility is generally achieved by using ‘under-reinforced’ sections and generally governed by the neutral axis depth parameter ku which requires ultimate failure by concrete crushing at a specified strain εc. As the plates of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plated RC beams can fracture or debond before the concrete crushes at εc, the ku approach is not directly applicable. Hence, new fundamental approaches and a deeper understanding of ductility are required which are the subjects of this paper. 相似文献
24.
Effect of fiber orientation on the structural behavior of FRP wrapped concrete cylinders 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Guoqiang Li Dinesh Maricherla Kumar Singh Su-Seng Pang Manu John 《Composite Structures》2006,74(4):475-483
In this study, 27 concrete cylinders with a diameter of 152.4 and a height of 304.8 mm were prepared. Among them, 18 cylinders were wrapped using two layers of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) with six fiber orientations; six cylinders were wrapped using four layers of FRP with fibers in axial or hoop direction only; the remaining three cylinders were used as control. The FRP used was E-glass fiber reinforced ultraviolet (UV) curing vinyl ester. Fifteen coupon specimens were prepared to experimentally determine the tensile strength of the FRP with fibers oriented at 0°, 45°, and 90° from the loading direction. Co-axial compression tests were conducted on the wrapped cylinders and control cylinders. The test results were compared with existing confinement models. It is found that the strength, ductility, and failure mode of FRP wrapped concrete cylinders depend on the fiber orientation and wall thickness. Fibers oriented at a certain angle in between the hoop direction and axial direction may result in strength lower than fibers along hoop or axial direction. A larger database is desired in order to refine the existing design-oriented confinement models. 相似文献
25.
离心成型预应力钢纤维混凝土电杆设计试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对研制的呼称高27m离心成型预应力钢纤维混凝土电杆进行了受力性能试验研究。结果表明,在断线工况荷载作用下,电杆的受力表现出良好的整体性,各项性能均满足设计要求;杆身采用预应力和钢纤维双重增强作用,使电杆的抗裂能力提高,变形减小;一旦发生超载运行出现裂缝,裂缝细短且非贯通,卸载后变形回复能力强,残余变形很小;在极限承载时,整杆变形明显,具有良好的延性破坏预兆。同时,预应力钢纤维混凝土电杆在预应力筋放张和杆段对焊组装过程中,避免了普通预应力混凝土电杆在预应力筋挂板和杆段连接钢圈附近混凝土起皮爆裂现象。根据试验结果对比分析,建立了预应力钢纤维混凝土电杆抗裂度、裂缝宽度、挠度和正截面承载力设计计算方法。研究成果为河南省漯河~淮阳220kV线路工程建设提供了重要科研依据,为钢纤维混凝土在预应力电杆中的应用提供了重要参考。 相似文献
26.
The use of plasticity-based shear design methods for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced and prestressed concrete, as they are used at present, is inappropriate in the long term. In particular, the use of a plasticity-based truss model for shear behavior seems to be unsound, as reliance is placed on a predominantly elastic zone to redistribute stresses. A better approach to shear design would be to employ a model incorporating force equilibrium and compatibility of strains so that the elastic properties of the FRP could be included rationally. This would help to develop a real understanding and form a basis on which new guides and codes could be founded. In tandem with a more rational analytical approach, new configurations and types of FRP reinforcement need to be developed and researched so that these materials can be used more efficiently. An analytical approach to investigate the shear response of FRP-reinforced and -prestressed concrete has been developed, based on equilibrium and compatibility across a shear discontinuity. The analytical model presented here was developed in conjunction with an experimental program. Correlation between the analytical and experimental results is good and more accurate than the current guideline provisions for concrete beams containing FRP reinforcement. 相似文献
27.
Fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) composites have been increasingly used in rehabilitation and strengthening of concrete structures.
Significant increases in stiffness and strength have been achieved by applying this technique. However, there is concern about
the ductility or toughness performance of FRP/concrete hybrid structures, which is critical in the application of this technology.
This paper presents a new theoretical method to predict the fracture resistance behaviour of FRP post-strengthened concrete
flexural beams. No slip between the FRP and plain concrete matrix is assumed and Mode I fracture propagation is considered.
The model is valid for a wide range of span-to-depth ratios and any crack length. The influence of the bridging stresses provided
by the fracture process zone (FPZ) at the tip of a fictitious fracture is examined. The effect of various material and geometric
parameters on the resistance curve and toughness of the hybrid structure is discussed, based on the numerical results from
the developed theoretical formulae. The results provide a useful insight into the strengthening/toughening and the design
of FRP sheet/concrete beam structures. 相似文献
28.
Pultruded fiber–reinforced plastic (FRP) composite structural shapes (beams and columns) are thin-walled open or closed sections consisting of assemblies of flat plates and commonly made of E-glass fiber and either polyester or vinylester resins. Due to high strength-to-stiffness ratio of composites and thin-walled sectional geometry of FRP shapes, buckling is the most likely mode of failure before material failure. In this paper, explicit analyses of local buckling of rectangular orthotropic composite plates with various unloaded edge boundary conditions (i.e., (1) rotationally restrained along both unloaded edges (RR), and (2) one rotationally restrained and the other free along the unloaded edges (RF)) and subjected to uniform in-plane axial action at simply-supported loaded edges are first presented. A variational formulation of the Ritz method is used to establish an eigenvalue problem, and explicit solutions of plate local buckling coefficients in term of the rotational restraint stiffness (k) are obtained. The two cases of rotationally restrained plates (i.e., the RR and RF plates) are further treated as discrete plates of closed and open sections, and by considering the effect of elastic restraints at the joint connections of flanges and webs, the local buckling of different FRP shapes under uniform axial compression is studied. The approximate expressions of the rotational restraint stiffness (k) for various common FRP sections are provided, and their application to sectional local buckling predictions is illustrated. The explicit local buckling formulas of rotationally restrained plates are validated with the exact transcendental solutions. The analytical predictions for local buckling of various FRP profiles based on the present discrete plate analysis and considering the elastic restraints of the flange–web connections are in excellent agreements with available experimental results and finite element eigenvalue analyses. A design guideline for local buckling prediction and related performance improvement is proposed. The present explicit formulation can be applied effectively to determine the local buckling capacities of composite plates with elastic restraints along the unloaded edges and can be further used to predict the local buckling strength of FRP shapes. 相似文献
29.
30.
管府 《兰州工业高等专科学校学报》2011,(6):35-38
结合我国某高铁预应力混凝土简支箱梁采用后张法施工的过程,简要论述三项关键工序、高性能混凝土耐久性指标的保证措施、减小箱梁后期徐变的相关施工措施及注意要点,以确保满足高速铁路运营的安全性、高速度、高平顺性和舒适度. 相似文献