多智能方法及其融合系统在化工过程故障诊断中的应用

简要介绍了决策树、神经网络、K近邻等五种智能方法,提出了一种将这五种智能方法相融合的故障诊断系统,并将其应用在催化裂化装置上.通过对这五种智能方法及其融合系统的性能考察表明,融合策略发挥了各方法的优点,回避了它们的缺点,提升了系统的整体性能,其召回率为100%,精确度为98%.     

摩托车离合器主轴断裂失效分析及其机理

本文分析了摩托车离合器主轴用材、金相组织、显微硬度以及断口扫描电镜(SEM)宏观、微观形貌,结果表明,该摩托车离合器主轴断裂主要原因是轴颈突变截面尖角顶端曲率半径ρ值太小,形成很大的应力集中从而形成裂纹源,然后裂纹逐步扩展造成的。     

Circulating Monocyte Subsets and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), as an alternative to open heart surgery, has revolutionized the treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis (AVS), the most common valvular disorder in the elderly. AVS is now considered a form of atherosclerosis and, like the latter, partly of inflammatory origin. Patients with high-grade AVS have a highly disturbed blood flow associated with high levels of shear stress. The immediate reopening of the valve during TAVR leads to a sudden restoration of a normal blood flow hemodynamic. Despite its good prognosis for patients, TAVR remains associated with bleeding or thrombotic postprocedural complications, involving mechanisms that are still poorly understood. Many studies report the close link between blood coagulation and inflammation, termed thromboinflammation, including monocytes as a major actor. The TAVR procedure represents a unique opportunity to study the influence of shear stress on human monocytes, key mediators of inflammation and hemostasis processes. The purpose of this study was to conduct a review of the literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of TAVR on monocyte phenotype and subset repartition and the association of these parameters with the clinical outcomes of patients with severe AVS who underwent TAVR.     

仪器化冲击在评测断口剪切面积比例中的应用

根据示波曲线定量给出的特征载荷点分布关系，结合ESIS给出的评测夏比V型冲击断口剪切面积比例(PSF)经验公式，介绍了仪器化冲击试验在估算PSF数值中的具体应用。估算值与实际测量值所进行的误差离散性与置信区间的分析结果表明，选用合适的经验算法可以在试验过程中实时获得高度可靠的PSF结果。与常规光学手工评测技术相比，该方法不依赖于试验者的主观评测经验、不受特定客观试验条件的限制，具有广阔的应用前景，同时也为材料PSF评测以及动态断裂机理的研究提供了一套方便而有效的试验手段。     

Boolean difference techniques in fault tree analysis

For an electrical, mechanical, or hybrid system described diagramatically as a network of interconnected components, fault tree modeling of system reliability as a function of individual component failure probabilities gives rise to logic expressions obtained from the network connections. Application of the method of Boolean differences in the analysis of such Boolean expressions is discussed, and it is shown that the influence of the status of specific components on the reliability of the total system may be investigated by straightforward algebraic operations on the network failure function.     

Could SGLT2 Inhibitors Improve Exercise Intolerance in Chronic Heart Failure?

Despite the constant improvement of therapeutical options, heart failure (HF) remains associated with high mortality and morbidity. While new developments in guideline-recommended therapies can prolong survival and postpone HF hospitalizations, impaired exercise capacity remains one of the most debilitating symptoms of HF. Exercise intolerance in HF is multifactorial in origin, as the underlying cardiovascular pathology and reactive changes in skeletal muscle composition and metabolism both contribute. Recently, sodium-related glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were found to improve cardiovascular outcomes significantly. Whilst much effort has been devoted to untangling the mechanisms responsible for these cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors, little is known about the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on exercise performance in HF. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for exercise intolerance in HF, elaborates on the potential SGLT2-inhibitor-mediated effects on these phenomena, and provides an up-to-date overview of existing studies on the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on clinical outcome parameters that are relevant to the assessment of exercise capacity. Finally, current gaps in the evidence and potential future perspectives on the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on exercise intolerance in chronic HF are discussed.     

P波空间斜入射下沥青混凝土面板堆石坝响应特性及面板破坏评价

地震波入射方位和斜入射角度对于沥青混凝土面板堆石坝地震响应结果有着显著影响。本文从地震动传播机制出发,基于波场叠加原理,推导了P波以任意入射方位角和斜入射角空间斜入射下弹性半空间自由场计算公式,建立了P波空间斜入射波动输入模型。以不同应变率下的沥青混凝土单轴动态拉伸试验结果为基础,提出了考虑抗拉强度随应变率实时变化的沥青混凝土面板破坏评价方法。考虑16种不同入射方位角和斜入射角下的P波空间斜入射工况,从面板应力和加速度两方面分析了入射方位角和斜入射角对某实际沥青混凝土面板地震响应特性的影响,并进行了沥青混凝土面板的抗拉破坏评价,分析了静态评价方法与动态评价方法的差异。结果表明,所建立的P波空间斜入射波动输入模型能够准确模拟半空间自由场,波动输入数值解与解析解符合良好;与垂直输入射相比,面板顺水流向、垂直水流向加速度峰值最大分别增加135.9%和92.7%,竖向加速度峰值最大减少68.3%;空间斜输入导致面板动应力增大,主拉应力和主压应力最大分别增加3.6倍和2.7倍,忽略入射方位角和斜入射角可能会严重低估面板的地震响应。传统将静态强度提高30%作为动态强度的面板抗拉破坏判别方法过于严格,本文提出的考虑应变率效应的沥青混凝土面板破坏评价方法较为符合实际。     

具有数据包丢失的网络控制系统主动容错控制

在保证稳定性的前提下,研究具有数据包丢失的网络控制系统主动容错控制问题.基于一类包含马尔可夫丢包过程的网络控制系统模型,考虑了执行器可能失效的情况.利用Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式方法,获得了系统的保性能被动容错控制器.从控制性能的角度考虑,针对不同的执行器失效模式,得到了丢包网络环境下系统的主动客错控制器的设计方法.数值示例表明,该控制器设计方法是有效的.     

汽车转向拉杆断裂失效分析

某车辆在一次轮侧碰撞事故中,其转向拉杆在与梯形臂连接的螺纹处发生断裂。通过宏观检查、化学成分分析、显微组织分析、断口扫描电镜分析以及建立其力学模型进行稳定计算并综合分析后认为,该拉杆具有早期缺陷。很大程度上降低了其安全系数。在有缺陷的情况下,横拉杆的稳定极限载荷为24．41kN,承载能力较其正常稳定极限载荷50．23kN下降了51．4％。该转向拉杆在此次事故中受到冲击载荷,在横截面积最小处即连接螺纹处发生失稳,最终断裂失效。     

一例典型电网运行方式调整分析

介绍了九江供电公司东部电网一条220kV电源线路停电检修方式下,单电源供电时最大限度提高供电可靠性的典型运行方式调整案例。针对九江东部电网检修方式下安全可靠性低、稳定性不足、供电压力大等安全问题进行运行方式的调整,并综合考虑了调整方式中各种技术问题,从而达到提高电网安全可靠性,利于调度员快速事故处理的目的。