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The transit time of the coolant, and thus its velocity, has been measured using the temperature fluctuation at the outlet of a reactor core. An impulse response function estimation is introduced, which substitutes the widely used cross-correlation measurement technique. It is shown in theory and practice that the time delay estimation is improved when using the impulse response function instead of the cross-correlation function in parameter estimation. Extremely low velocities (down to 2 cm/sec) have been measured in a natural circulation regime in a research reactor. 相似文献
23.
J. S. Kim D. G. Seiler R. A. Lancaster M. B. Reine 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1996,25(8):1215-1220
Variable-magnetic-field Hall measurements (0 to 1.5 T) are performed on very-narrow-gap bulk-grown Hg1−xCdxTe single crystals (0.165 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) at various temperatures (10 to 300K). The electron densities and mobilities are obtained
within the one-carrier (electrons) approximation of the reduced-con-ductivity-tensor scheme. The present data together with
the selected data set reported by other workers exhibit a pronounced peak when the electron mobility is plotted against the
alloy composition x-value which has been predicted to be due to the effective-mass minimum at the bandgap-crossing (Eg ≈ 0). The observed position (x ≈ 0.165), height (≈4 x 102 m2Vs), and width (≈0.01 in x) of the mobility-peak can be explained by a simple simulation involving only ionized-impurity scattering.
A lower bound of the effective mass is introduced as a fitting parameter to be consistent with the finiteness of the observed
electron mobility and is found to be of the order of 10−4 of the mass of a free electron. 相似文献
24.
Chemometrics has enjoyed tremendous success in the areas related to calibration of spectrometers and spectroscopy-based measurements. These chemometric-based spectrometers have been widely applied for process monitoring and quality assurance. However, chemometrics has the potential to revolutionize the very intellectual roots of problem solving. Are there barriers to a more rapid proliferation of chemometric-based thinking, particularly in industry? What are the potential effects of chemometrics technology and the New Network Economy (NNE) working in concert? Who will be the winners in the race for faster, better, cheaper systems and products? These questions are reviewed in terms of the principles of the NNE and in the promise of chemometrics for industry. What then is the state of multivariate thinking in industry? Several powerful principles are derived from an evaluation of the NNE and chemometrics which could allow chemometrics to proliferate much more rapidly as a key general problem-solving tool. 相似文献
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热重分析对高分子材料中碳酸钙的定量研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
碳酸钙是高分子材料中常用的无机填料,在高温时会同二氧化碳而失重。利用热重分析可准确定出高分子材料中碳酸钙的含量,同时还可测出聚合物,挥发物的含量,热重分析法样品用量小,灵敏度高,所需时间短。 相似文献
28.
本文从TBM地区目的层的地质和地球物理特征分析出发,以三维地震资料为基础,综合利用人工和神经网络波形分类等定性储层预测方法和利用反演及敏感地震属性分析,对TBM地区低孔渗砂岩分布区开展了砂体展布特征分析和天然气高产区预测研究。根据研究结果部署了10口钻井,已完钻的4口井中有3口获得高产气流(其中DK27井日产天然气36.8×104m3)。值得指出的是,目前所用的预测方法还不能预测厚度小于6m的单砂层或砂层组构成的储层。 相似文献
29.
基于人工神经网络的混合气体定量检测方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将气体传感器阵列与人工神经网络相结合,设计了用于混合气体定量检测的人工嗅觉系统;构造了局部连接的前馈神经网络的结构和基于递推预报误差的网络训练算法;通过实验对CO,H2,CH4三种气体的混合物进行了分析,实验结果证明气体传感器阵列和人工神经网络用于混合气体定量检测是可行的。 相似文献
30.
Herbert S. Bennett 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2007,112(4):209-221
In this paper, we present the theory for calculating Raman line shapes as functions of the Fermi energy and finite temperatures in zinc blende, n-type GaAs for donor densities between 1016 cm−3 and 1019 cm−3. Compared to other theories, this theory is unique in two respects: 1) the many-body effects are treated self-consistently and 2) the theory is valid at room temperature for arbitrary values of the ratio R = (Q2/α), where Q is the magnitude of the normalized wave vector and α is the normalized frequency used in the Raman measurements. These calculations solve the charge neutrality equation self-consistently for a two-band model of GaAs at 300 K that includes the effects of high carrier concentrations and dopant densities on the perturbed densities of states used to calculate the Fermi energy as a function of temperature. The results are then applied to obtain the carrier concentrations from Fermi energies in the context of line shapes in Raman spectra due to the coupling between longitudinal optical phonons and plasmons. Raman measurements have been proposed as a non-destructive method for wafer acceptance tests of carrier density in semiconductor epilayers. The interpretation of Raman spectra to determine the majority electron density in n-type semiconductors requires an interdisciplinary effort involving experiments, theory, and computer-based simulations and visualizations of the theoretical calculations. 相似文献