Environmental Stress and Plants

Land plants are constantly subjected to multiple unfavorable or even adverse environmental conditions. Among them, abiotic stresses (such as salt, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals, ozone, UV radiation, and nutrient deficiencies) have detrimental effects on plant growth and productivity and are increasingly important considering the direct or indirect effects of climate change. Plants respond in many ways to abiotic stresses, from gene expression to physiology, from plant architecture to primary, and secondary metabolism. These complex changes allow plants to tolerate and/or adapt to adverse conditions. The complexity of plant response can be further influenced by the duration and intensity of stress, the plant genotype, the combination of different stresses, the exposed tissue and cell type, and the developmental stage at which plants perceive the stress. It is therefore important to understand more about how plants perceive stress conditions and how they respond and adapt (both in natural and anthropogenic environments). These concepts were the basis of the Special Issue that International Journal of Molecular Sciences expressly addressed to the relationship between environmental stresses and plants and that resulted in the publication of 5 reviews and 38 original research articles. The large participation of several authors and the good number of contributions testifies to the considerable interest that the topic currently receives in the plant science community, especially in the light of the foreseeable climate changes. Here, we briefly summarize the contributions included in the Special Issue, both original articles categorized by stress type and reviews that discuss more comprehensive responses to various stresses.     

基于符号学三元论反向演绎的地域历史文化名人文创开发设计研究

目的 推进地域优秀传统文化创新性发展和创造性传承,从地方历史文化人物思想传播、历史人物品牌推广与产品设计开发诸角度解析文创产品开发与地域文化IP构建之间的关系。方法 运用皮尔斯符号三元论反向演绎文创设计的路径,以船山文创为具体案例探讨地域历史文化名人文创产品的开发模式。结论 指出文化挖掘、文创呈现和表达载体三个层面应作为一个有机体进行的整体架构设计, 认为文创的本质在于通过一定的外在实态化文创形式构成符号载体,以IP内容的设计手法对演绎对象进行特定的意义赋予,从而完成对文创符号赋予特定文化内涵的目标指向。     

现代产品设计中的区域文化意象研究

区域文化意象的研究,有助于体现产品区域特色和文化内涵.研究了区域文化意象的消费者认知匹配模型,阐述了区域文化意象的消费者认知匹配模型的3个层次.并以良渚文化意象的酒器设计为例进行验证.     

单一时段和多时段下区域旋转备用的获取

在满足区域购买备用成本最小的目标下,基于"协调运作"的备用交易模式提出了单一时段内获取区域旋转备用容量的两种方法:①报价排队法,按照区域统一边际备用价格结算.②非线性规划法,按照机组实际报价结算,然后扩展至多时段内区域备用获取的计算,通过全局优化得到了优化后的区域备用容量,体现了区域间的备用支持,降低了获取的备用容量,优化了各地的电力资源.仿真算例分别说明了单一时段和多时段下区域备用获取的方法和计算结果.     

DCAF: An MPEG-21 Dynamic Content Adaptation Framework

Universal Multimedia Access aims at providing a gratifying end user-experience by either adapting the content, be it static or dynamic, to suit the usage environment or adapting the usage environment, be it client- or server-centric, to suit content. This paper presents our MPEG-21 Dynamic Content Adaptation Framework, acronym DCAF, which uses a fusion of Genetic Algorithms and Strength Pareto Optimality to adapt content in order to suit the usage environment.

基于快速DGMM的随机提示文本的话者确认系统

研究了随机提示文本的话者确认技术中的几个关键技术,包括确认算法的训练和识别速度、话者确认文本和说话方式的选择,测试文本长度的选择、阈值的设定及话者语音的中长期变异的自适应处 提高训练和识别速度,该文提出了快速动态高斯混合话者模型,讨论了音素对话者确认系统的影响及测试文本长度对话者确认系统性能的影响。提出话者语音假性的中长期变异性的自适应增量学习的方法,同时文中详细地分析了一次和多次测试时话者的弃真     

一类动态递归神经网络的智能控制器

提出一种改进型动态递归神经网络的自适应控制方法，研究了动态递归网络的学习算法，分析了学习算法的收敛性，并推导了保证算法收敛的有效学习率范围，在此基础上提出了模糊推理自适应学习率方法。计算机仿真实验表明，本文控制方法对于未知、非线性被控对象的控制是有效的。     

改进的基于梯度幅值的自适应边缘检测算法

分析文献[1]给出的算法.针对其中存在的问题和不足,给出了一个改进算法.实验结果表明,改进算法弥补了原文算法中的缺陷,在获取连续边缘的同时也较好地抑制了噪声,在运算效率方面有了明显的提升,并节省了大量的内存空间.     

Wet shells and dry tales: the evolutionary ‘Just-So’ stories behind the structure–function of biominerals

The ability of evolution to shape organic form involves the interactions of multiple systems of constraints, including fabrication, phylogeny and function. The tendency to place function above everything else has characterized some of the historical biological literature as a series of ‘Just-So’ stories that provided untested explanations for individual features of an organism. A similar tendency occurs in biomaterials research, where features for which a mechanical function can be postulated are treated as an adaptation. Moreover, functional adaptation of an entire structure is often discussed based on the local characterization of specimens kept in conditions that are far from those in which they evolved. In this work, environmental- and frequency-dependent mechanical characterization of the shells of two cephalopods, Nautilus pompilius and Argonauta argo, is used to demonstrate the importance of multi-scale environmentally controlled characterization of biogenic materials. We uncover two mechanistically independent strategies to achieve deformable, stiff, strong and tough highly mineralized structures. These results are then used to critique interpretations of adaptation in the literature. By integrating the hierarchical nature of biological structures and the environment in which they exist, biomaterials testing can be a powerful tool for generating functional hypotheses that should be informed by how these structures are fabricated and their evolutionary history.     

基于超图正则化的域适应偏最小二乘多工况软测量模型

针对流程工业中,因多工况导致数据分布变化引起传统软测量模型预测性能恶化问题,本文提出一种基于超图正则化的域适应多工况软测量回归模型框架.首先,采用非线性迭代偏最小二乘回归算法为基模型,在潜变量空间利用历史工况数据重构当前工况数据,以增强工况间的相关性,有效减小数据分布差异;同时,对重构系数施加低秩稀疏约束,保留了数据的局部和全局子空间结构;其次,通过超图拉普拉斯正则项对域适应潜变量求解过程进行约束,避免在寻找潜变量过程中破坏数据结构.最后,利用交替方向乘子法优化求解模型参数.在多个数据集上的实验表明,本文方法在多工况环境下可有效提高软测量模型的预测精度和泛化性能.