Supply chain planning and scheduling integration using Lagrangian decomposition in a knowledge management environment

The integration of planning and scheduling decisions in rigorous mathematical models usually results in large scale problems. In order to tackle the problem complexity, decomposition techniques based on duality and information flows between a master and a set of subproblems are widely applied. In this sense, ontologies improve information sharing and communication in enterprises and can even represent holistic mathematical models facilitating the use of analytic tools and providing higher flexibility for model building. In this work, we exploit this ontologies’ capability to address the optimal integration of planning and scheduling using a Lagrangian decomposition approach. Scheduling/planning sub-problems are created for each facility/supply chain entity and their dual solution information is shared by means of the ontological framework. Two case studies based on a STN representation of supply chain planning and scheduling models are presented to emphasize the advantages and limitations of the proposed approach.     

Design guidelines for titania-silica-alumina ceramics with tuned anatase to rutile transformation

Titania-based ceramics with adjustable anatase-rutile fractions were obtained by milling of anatase, quartz and corundum precursors, uniaxial pressing and firing at 1100?°C. The influence of silica and alumina, combined with milling time and compaction pressure, was studied by design of experiments. The L9 orthogonal array with a three-level noise factor was employed. Firing of pure titania at 1100?°C yielded complete anatase to rutile transformation (ART), whereas stabilized samples show that an optimum amount of 9% silica and 33% alumina reduces phase transformation to only about 5?wt% rutile. An extended correlation matrix combined with analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to assess the combined effects of quartz, alumina, milling time and uniaxial compressing pressure on relative density, and anatase to rutile transformation. Results show absence of ART after milling, and controlled partial conversion of anatase to rutile after firing. Very good fitting was obtained by multivariate analysis on considering first and second order terms for dependence on silica contents and interactions between silica and each of the remaining factors, including milling time. This empirical dependence could be interpreted on a sound physicochemical basis, allowing the prediction of suitable compositions and processing conditions to obtain rutile-free samples by conventional ceramic processing, and to design ceramic samples with controlled fractions of anatase and rutile.     

Electromagnetism-like algorithms for optimized tool path planning in 5-axis flank machining

Optimization of tool path planning using metaheuristic algorithms such as ant colony systems (ACS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) provides a feasible approach to reduce geometrical machining errors in 5-axis flank machining of ruled surfaces. The optimal solutions of these algorithms exhibit an unsatisfactory quality in a high-dimensional search space. In this study, various algorithms derived from the electromagnetism-like mechanism (EM) were applied. The test results of representative surfaces showed that all EM-based methods yield more effective optimal solutions than does PSO, despite a longer search time. A new EM-MSS (electromagnetism-like mechanism with move solution screening) algorithm produces the most favorable results by ensuring the continuous improvement of new searches. Incorporating an SPSA (simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation) technique further improves the search results with effective initial solutions. This work enhances the practical values of tool path planning by providing a satisfactory machining quality.     

Perception‐aware autonomous mast motion planning for planetary exploration rovers

Highly accurate real‐time localization is of fundamental importance for the safety and efficiency of planetary rovers exploring the surface of Mars. Mars rover operations rely on vision‐based systems to avoid hazards as well as plan safe routes. However, vision‐based systems operate on the assumption that sufficient visual texture is visible in the scene. This poses a challenge for vision‐based navigation on Mars where regions lacking visual texture are prevalent. To overcome this, we make use of the ability of the rover to actively steer the visual sensor to improve fault tolerance and maximize the perception performance. This paper answers the question of where and when to look by presenting a method for predicting the sensor trajectory that maximizes the localization performance of the rover. This is accomplished by an online assessment of possible trajectories using synthetic, future camera views created from previous observations of the scene. The proposed trajectories are quantified and chosen based on the expected localization performance. In this study, we validate the proposed method in field experiments at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Mars Yard. Furthermore, multiple performance metrics are identified and evaluated for reducing the overall runtime of the algorithm. We show how actively steering the perception system increases the localization accuracy compared with traditional fixed‐sensor configurations.     

调节性B细胞在自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者外周血中的表达及临床意义

目的: 探讨自身免疫性溶血性贫血（AIHA）患者外周血中调节性B细胞（Bregs）的表达及其在该病发病中的意义。方法:选择16例自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者和14例健康志愿者为研究对象，用流式细胞术分析外周血CD19+IL-10+调节性B细胞及CD19+CD24hiCD27+调节性B细胞的表达；ELISA方法检测培养上清液中IL-10的水平。结果:自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者外周血中CD19+IL-10+调节性B细胞、CD19+CD24hiCD27+调节性B细胞的表达分别为（1.27±0.39）％、（9.85±2.18）％，健康志愿者组分别为（2.92±0.71）％、（26.47±4.31）％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者细胞培养上清中IL-10的水平低于健康志愿者组（P<0.05）。结论:自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者外周血中CD19+IL-10+调节性B细胞及CD19+CD24hiCD27+调节性B细胞比例降低，提示调节性B细胞可能参与自身免疫性溶血性贫血的发病过程。     

The PAR(p) Interconfigurations model used by the Brazilian Electric Sector

This study discusses the characteristics of the Periodic Autoregressive model, PAR(p), which is used to generate synthetic series of inflow energies that serve as entries for computer platforms that implement the planning and expansion of the operations of the BES – the Brazilian Electric Sector (SEB – Sistema Elétrico Brasileiro). The methodology for the design of a generating plant is presented in addition to the fundamentals of the “PAR(p) Interconfigurations” Model, which is referred to as the Inflow Energy Generation Model (IEGM) in this study. The major contribution of this study is to provide the first scientific discussion of the representation of multiple configurations using the PAR(p) model. For this purpose, several topics related to the time series are discussed, such as the definition of the model order, the matter of stationarity and the need to address possible outliers. Finally, a case study is presented, wherein the results of the estimation and generation of the described model’s scenarios are demonstrated.     

基于Q-learning的不确定环境BDI Agent最优策略规划研究

BDI模型能够很好地解决在特定环境下的Agent的推理和决策问题,但在动态和不确定环境下缺少决策和学习的能力。强化学习解决了Agent在未知环境下的决策问题,却缺少BDI模型中的规则描述和逻辑推理。针对BDI在未知和动态环境下的策略规划问题,提出基于强化学习Q-learning算法来实现BDI Agent学习和规划的方法,并针对BDI的实现模型ASL的决策机制做出了改进,最后在ASL的仿真平台Jason上建立了迷宫的仿真,仿真实验表明,在加入Q-learning学习机制后的新的ASL系统中,Agent在不确定环境下依然可以完成任务。     

浅析高校新校区选址主要影响因素

从政策、城市与区域规划、环境、文化及其传承因素、基础设施等方面探析了高校新校区选址有关的主要影响因素，以满足高等学校大规模的扩建要求，促进高等教育的发展。