Otherwise Engaged: New Projects in Interactive Design

What are the possibilities of interactive technologies delivering a new level of social engagement in architecture? Taking 2002, with the ETH Ada project and Diller & Scofidio's Braincoat project, as an important watershed, Mark Garcia reviews the advances that have been made per se, and with four projects in particular, in socially interactive spatial design. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Active learning: When is more better? The case of resident physicians’ medical errors.

An active learning climate facilitates new knowledge acquisition by encouraging employees to ask questions, seek feedback, reflect on potential results, explore, and experiment. These activities, however, also increase a learner’s chances of erring. In high-reliability organizations, any error is unacceptable and may well be life threatening. The authors use the example of resident physicians to suggest that by adjusting the conditions of priority of safety and managerial safety practices, organizations can balance these potentially conflicting activities. Participants in the study were 123 residents from 25 medical wards. Results demonstrated that the positive linear relationship between priority of safety and safety performance, demonstrated in earlier studies, existed only when the active learning climate was low. When the active learning climate was high, results demonstrated a U-shaped curvilinear relationship between priority of safety and number of errors. In addition, high managerial safety practices mitigated the number of errors as a result of the active learning climate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

空间近似关键字反远邻查询

空间数据集中的点普遍由空间信息及描述文本信息组成.空间近似关键字反远邻查询(Approximate String Reverse Furthest Neighbors Search,ASRFNS)问题是在一个空间数据集中搜索所有以给定查询点为最远邻,且满足文本相似度条件的目标.基于现有的空间反远邻查询算法以及近似关键字查询算法,我们提出了两个基本的解决算法:凸包最远单元交集(CHFCsJoin)算法和凸包最远单元近似字符串串行查询(CHFCASSS)算法;我们又设计了一种包含空间和关键字信息的外存索引结构Filter-Rtree,并给出了相应的凸包最远单元过滤R树(CHFilterRtree)高效算法.通过真实数据集的实验测试,验证这三种算法的有效性,并分析比较了其性能与效率.     

Empowering Local Communities? An International Review of Community Land Trusts

This paper aims to investigate the premise that community land trusts (CLTs) offer a method of delivering affordable housing that empowers local communities and provides democratic management of community assets. The paper provides a comparative analysis of CLT developments in England, Scotland and the USA, reviewing the policy and literature to identify two key approaches that underpin CLTs: an approach to property development that emphasises resale restrictions used to preserve housing use for the CLT's target clientele, and an approach to citizen governance that privileges local communities. The paper identifies a variation of practices that underpin the operation of CLTs in each country and uses the advanced developments in Scotland and the USA to illustrate some of the challenges that remain if the CLT sector in England is to continue its recent growth.     

西部地区农村留守人口居住社区化研究——以关中地区农民意愿调查为例

随着农村青壮年劳动人口持续大规模地进城务工经商,农村普遍出现了空心村和空巢家庭,产生了留守人口问题.特别是与农户土地分散经营紧密相连的分散居住方式,既缺乏公共设施与公共服务,也浪费稀缺耕地资源,还不利于村民居住生活质量的提高,留守族困境难以化解.文中研究以欠发达地区农村留守家庭为背景,以集聚经济理论为指导,以入户问卷调查数据为依据,借鉴国内外相关理论,运用统计分析和规范分析相结合等方法,系统分析了影响农民居住意愿转变的主要因素与实施路径,继而得出了如下结论:加快区内农业产业化、土地资源优化和农民非农化步伐;实施政府规划和社区基础设施及公共服务设施投入先行;在尊重农民意愿的基础上,稳步推进农村新型社区建设,实现农民居住社区化和居住生活质量提高,有效化解留守族困境,全面建设社会主义新农村.     

住宅区室外环境的人情味探索

本文从现代生活对居住环境的要求出发,指出目前我国城市住宅区空间环境规划设计中普遍存在的过于理性化、简单化、标准化的构成模式的不合理性。呼吁建筑师、规划师们应广泛根植于人民,关怀每日所居住的生活环境,了解当地居民的心理机制、行为需求、情感意志、文化趣味等,并以此作为唯一依据,从宏观控制入手,根据住宅区的时空特性进行规划设计,进而创造出能真正适合于当地居住对象所需要的、富有人情味的居住环境,以确保其生活品质。     

人性发展的两种对立状态——对布莱克《羔羊》与《老虎》的建构性解读

《天真之歌和经验之歌》是布莱克最重要的两个诗作合集,体现了诗人对这个世界和人性的深刻剖析。《羔羊》代表人性之初的纯洁,而《老虎》则代表了经验状态下的世俗生活,这一对对立的意象象征着人性灵魂的两种对立状态,也体现了布莱克写作的重要特点,即二元对立。本文从结构主义中二元对立的角度,来剖析两首诗中所体现的人性的对立与融合状态。     

垂直流人工湿地内水流流态分析

通过示踪剂实验,采用停留时间分布(RTD)理论对不同出水口高度下垂直流人工湿地内的水流流态进行了分析。研究表明水流在垂直流人工湿地中的流动是介于理想的活塞流和全混流之间的非理想流动状态;不同出水口高度下,垂直流人工湿地内水流流态的不同主要体现在水流在人工湿地内停留时间的长短上面,而水流的分散程度相差不大;出水口较高时,水流在垂直流人工湿地内的平均停留时间也较长,该水流流态有利于污染物在人工湿地中的降解。     

共聚PET固相聚合粘度变化规律的研究

利用固相聚合生产装置,研究了共聚PET固相聚合反应温度、停留时间、氮气流量、催化剂含量、基础切片端羧基含量对增粘的影响。结果表明:在一定的工艺条件下,产品粘度随反应温度提高、停留时间的延长及催化剂含量的增大而增大;当气固比大于0.3时,增大氮气流量对增粘速率不再产生影响。     

面向5G驻留与终端节电平衡的研究

本文对5G边缘覆盖区域终端驻留策略不合理,以及NSA组网下终端双连接功耗高导致的5G驻网体验效果差进行了研究。通过研究5G终端节电参数与驻留策略相关参数组合设置,寻求最佳参数组合配置,实现5G驻留体验上升的同时改善终端节电,为保障用户5G感知提供了新的解决思路。