利用封闭式块石护坡调节通风管路基阴阳坡效应

为研究多年冻土区通风管路基和通风管封闭碎石护坡路基在阴阳坡温度差异影响下,温度场的不对称特征和下部冻土上限间的差异,评价封闭块石护坡对通风管路基温度场的调节效果,利用北麓河通风管路基实测温度资料,并考虑气候变暖的影响,分别对这两种路基温度场进行数值模拟分析.分析结果表明,通风管路基具有一定的降温能力,但阴阳坡下冻土上限间差异显著,路基温度场呈现明显的不对称性;在通风管路基阳坡增加封闭块石护坡后,可以降低阳坡下土体温度,减小阴阳坡下冻土上限间差异,能有效调节路基阴阳坡效应.对第50年路基与天然地表交界处年平均热流密度的分析表明,增加封闭块石护坡后的路基结构优于通风管路基,且两种路基均处于吸热状态.     

软体沉排技术在护岸工程中的应用

简述了软体沉排的构造特点及设计和施工方法。     

格宾护岸结构在寒冷地区的应用

寒冷地区护岸工程的破坏因素有水流冲刷、冻融循环、静冰压力、动冰撞击力。传统的硬质护岸不能很好地适应这些外力。格宾产品是一种柔性、透水、多孔隙结构,可以很好地适应寒冷地区的环境条件。     

Cooling effects study on ventilated embankments under the influence of the temperature differences between the sunny slopes and the shady slopes

Based on theories of heat and mass transfer, three-dimensional theoretical and numerical models were presented to analyze the temperature characteristics of embankments in permafrost regions. Conditions of air convective within crushed rock layer and the background of the climate warming in the future were considered. In addition, temperature differences between the sunny and shady slopes of embankments, as well as the uneven distribution of air temperatures inside the ventilated duct were also considered in the models. Cooling effects and temperature field characteristics of three kinds of embankments were analyzed and compared. Results of traditional embankment indicated that there were significant differences in permafrost tables between the sunny and shady slopes, and the underlying permafrost was in serious degradation. A large asymmetric 0 °C melting bulb was formed in and beneath the embankment over winter time. The analysis indicated that the duct-ventilated embankment could lower the temperature of underlying permafrost, and elevate the permafrost table under the embankment. The duct-ventilated embankment could also adjust the differences of permafrost tables, and improve the asymmetry of the temperature fields between the sunny and shady slopes. Due to climate warming, however, a 0 °C melting bulb still developed at the sunny slope foot of the duct-ventilated embankment. To prevent the 0 °C melting bulb from occurring, a closed crushed rock revetment was applied on the sunny slope, and the results indicated that the cooling effect of duct-ventilated embankment with the closed crushed rock revetment was better than that without the closed crushed rock revetment. Soils in and beneath the duct-ventilated embankment with closed crushed rock revetment could refreeze completely over winter time and this kind of embankment could also effectively adjust the differences of permafrost tables between the sunny and shady slopes.     

浅析河道护坡植物选择与河道养护关联性

河道治理中应优选河道护坡物种,物种的选择应以防止水土流失、绿化美化环境、便于养护管理为宗旨。简要介绍了河道护坡物种应具备的几种特性,并介绍了上海地区可供选择的养护成本低、具有经济价值且受老百姓欢迎的护坡物种,以及这些物种的生长特性和养护管理需求,为今后在治理河道时有针对性地选择护坡物种提供了参考。     

太湖大堤斜式护坡断面形式选择的探讨

通过对太湖大堤堤坊工程斜式护坡方案的选择,从质量、投资、进度、管理四个目标控制的角度,比较了相互的优缺点。     

荆江大堤沙市观音矶护岸整治工程

沙市观音矶为荆江大堤重要险段,长期以来起到顶承江流、挑杀水势、保护堤防的重要作用。经过1998年长江大洪水的冲刷,枯水位以上护岸工程发生了不同程度的损坏。1999年国家安排专项资金对观音矶护岸工程进行整治。笔者对观音矶护岸整治工程的工程布置、结构设计、混凝土板施工、质量控制和工程完工后数年来的运行效果作了介绍。     

航运枢纽生态护岸中植被的分区选配——以那吉库区生态护岸为例

水动力特征是生态护岸工程中植被材料选取的重要参考依据。从航运枢纽的水动力特点出发,根据不同特征水位将护岸分为护底区、重防护区、亲水区、景观区;结合植物的生态学特征（主要考虑耐淹性和耐冲性）筛选适合不同防护区域的护坡植物种类和配置模式;并以广西那吉库区生态护岸示范工程为例,探讨了不同防护区的植被选配。     

周天河段航道整治工程对荆江右岸堤防的影响

为了解周天河段航道整治工程对荆江右岸堤防的影响,根据对杨家厂—古长堤的河床演变分析,在郝穴原有矶头群及航道整治工程的5道潜坝和护滩带的综合作用下,河道深泓线将进一步向右岸逼近并加剧对右岸近岸河床的纵向下切和侧向侵蚀及沿程冲刷,护滩带的构筑将抬高蛟子渊边滩,从而加剧对荆江右岸护岸工程的冲刷,宜加强戚家台—胡汾沟一带的防护措施,并加强对相关河段近岸河床的常年监测。     

模袋混凝土在光照水电站厂房围堰护坡中的应用

模袋混凝土具有施工快速、质量可靠、结构简单、防护效果较好、施工成本低等特点。本文介绍了光照水电站厂房围堰模袋混凝土配合比设计、结构设计以及模袋混凝土施工工艺。光照水电站厂房围堰经过模袋护坡混凝土加固后,确保了厂房汛期施工安全。模袋混凝土防护施工工艺值得在其他水利水电工程项目中推广使用。