A wide-angle X-ray study of the development of molecular orientation in crosslinked natural rubber

Molecular orientation parameters have been measured for the non-crystalline component of crosslinked natural rubber samples deformed in uniaxial tension as a function of the extension ratio and of temperature. The orientation parapeters 〈P₂(cosα)〉 and 〈P₄(cosα)〉 were obtained by an analysis of the anisotropy of the wide-angle X-ray scattering functions. For the measurements made at high temperatures the level of crystallinity detected was negligible and the orientation-strain behaviour could be compared directly with the predictions of molecular models of rubber elasticity. The molecular orientation behaviour with strain was found to be at variance with the estimates of the affine model particularly at low and moderate strains. Extension of the crosslinked rubber at room temperature led to strain-crystallization and measurements of both the molecular orientation of the non-crystalline chains and the degree of crystallinity during extension and relaxation enabled the role of the crystallites in the deformation process to be considered in detail. The intrinsic birefringence of the non-crystalline component was estimated, through the use of the 〈P₂(cosα)〉 values obtained from X-ray scattering measurements, to be 0.20±0.02.     

氟醚橡胶的耐热性能研究

研究200℃下老化时间对氟醚橡胶耐热老化性能与结构的影响。结果表明:氟醚橡胶老化22d后仍保持优异的物理性能;氟醚橡胶的玻璃化温度、-50℃以上的储能模量不随老化时间的变化而变化,而损耗因子峰值随老化时间的延长呈小幅增大趋势;氟醚橡胶适合用于-50℃以上环境下使用的密封材料。     

THE EFFECTS OF A MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE ON CURING CHARACTERISTICS,MECHANICAL PROPERTIES,AND SWELLING BEHAVIOR OF NATURAL RUBBER/POLYCHLOROPRENE RUBBER BLENDS

The effects of a diamine salt of fatty acid of general structure [RNH₂ ⁺[CH₂)₃NH⁺] [R′COO^?]₂ referred to as a multifunctional additive (MFA) on curing characteristics and mechanical properties and swelling behavior of natural rubber (SMR L) and polychloroprene (CR) rubber blends were studied. Compared to SMR L/CR blends without MFA, the incorporation of 2 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber) of MFA in the blends increased mechanical properties, i.e., tensile strength, tensile modulus and hardness, and improved swelling resistance toward toluene and ASTM oil No. 1. However the scorch time, t ₅ and cure index, Δt _L decrease with incorporation of MFA into the blends.     

Silicone Rubber Compatibilized Syndiotactic Polystyrene and Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer (Vectra A950) Blend

Blends of syndiotactic polystyrene (s-PS), thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (Vectra A-950), and silicone rubber with two different loading levels, have been prepared through melt processing in internal mixer at 285°C. Silicone rubber was used as a compatibilizer for this blend system. The effect of silicon rubber on crystalline, dynamic mechanical, rhelogical, thermal properties, and phase morphology of the (s-PS/TLCP) blend has been investigated in details. With the addition of compatibilizer the viscosity of the blend system increased to an order of magnitude. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the blend, in presence of silicone rubber, shifted towards lower temperature region. From FTIR analysis it is evident that the ‘C=O’ stretching frequency has shifted towards lower side. SEM analysis suggested that, the TLCP domain size is reduced in ternary blend in comparison to binary blend system.     

天然胶塞包覆层材料的研制

介绍了用甲基丙烯酸树脂改性的氟树脂涂料包覆于天然胶塞表面的包覆材料,选用适当碳数甲基丙烯酸树脂改性聚四氟乙烯,在保持聚四氟乙烯良好气密性、阻隔性、耐热性的基础上使聚四氟乙烯硬度降低,与柔性物质橡胶的粘结力增强。所制成的薄膜具有优异的性能,又与天然橡胶具有良好的粘结性能,防止橡胶胶塞中的重金属水溶性物质迁移到药品中。     

超细活性碳酸钙补强脱酮肟型RTV-1硅橡胶的制备及性能

以超细活性碳酸钙为补强剂制备脱酮肟型单组分室温硫化(RTV-1)硅橡胶,并研究了107胶黏度、碳酸钙用量、交联剂和偶联剂种类及用量等对RTV-1硅橡胶性能的影响。结果表明,采用黏度为50 000 mPa.s的107胶、80份超细活性碳酸钙、10份甲基三丁酮肟基硅烷、2份乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷及2份硅烷偶联剂KH560,可制备出综合性能较好的脱酮肟型RTV-1硅橡胶,拉伸强度达2.29 MPa,断裂伸长率达500%。     

炭黑/黏土/丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料的性能

研究了用1份(质量,下同)或2份黏土替代5份或10份炭黑对炭黑/黏土/丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,用少量黏土非等量替代炭黑后,复合材料的物理机械性能变化不大;复合材料的耐磨性能随炭黑用量的减少而降低,耐屈挠疲劳性能随黏土用量增加而提高。当炭黑与黏土的填充量分别为45份和2份时,复合材料的物理机械性能和动态生热与填充50份炭黑时相当。     

乙烯-辛烯共聚物/再生丁基橡胶热塑性弹性体的制备及其性能

采用动态硫化法制备了乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)/再生丁基橡胶(RIIR)热塑性弹性体(TPE),考察了共混比、硫黄、软化剂白油和炭黑N330对TPE力学性能的影响,研究了TPE的动态力学性能和流变性能。结果表明,当POE/RIIR(质量比)为2/1、硫黄为0.5份、软化剂白油为20份、炭黑为30份时,TPE的综合力学性能较佳;POE和RIIR具有较好的相容性;当体系中加入白油时,TPE的动态复数黏度(η*)降低,炭黑的加入使TPE的η*迅速增大。