浅析基本电费的两种计费方式对真空制盐企业电费的影响

本文对大工业用电企业基本电费的两种计费方式进行了详尽的分析,企业可以根据自身用电实际及装机容量,合理选择经济的计费方式,尽可能在电力行业供电营业规定允许的范围内使本企业基本电费的支出减至最低。     

不同来源废纸脱墨制浆性能研究

通过对多种废纸质量分析与废纸脱墨制浆实验,研究了含机械浆纸与不含机械浆纸的差异,以及国内回收废纸与进口废纸的差异。结果表明:进口废纸除#8美废外观质量相对较差外,总体质量要优于国内回收废纸。不含机械浆纸的白度高,强度相对要好。#8废纸油墨含量最高,#10废纸的油墨去除率最高,不含机械浆纸其成浆的残余油墨最低。#8废纸制浆得率最高,国内回收废铜版纸的得率最低。因#8废纸脱墨浆固有的低白度、高尘埃,无法满足文化纸生产的要求,以#10纸脱墨浆为主配抄生产,能满足白度85%ISO文化纸生产要求。     

200t/d TMP生产线的特殊节电技措:高压热变电阻软启动器节约磨浆机空转电能

针对福建南纸公司日产200吨预热木片磨木浆(TMP)生产线具体实施有良好效果的一项特殊节电技措(节约磨浆机空转电能)进行总结论述。     

工业产品包装降低成本的几种方法

通过实例,介绍了从包装设计、包装材料、集合方式、包装物流等方面进行工业产品包装降低成本的若干方法,并指出包装成本在企业成本管理中的重要性。     

Effect of claw disorders on milk production,fertility, and longevity,and their economic impact in Spanish Holstein cows

The aims of this study were (1) to estimate the phenotypic association between different degrees of severity of claw disorders and production, fertility performance, and longevity in Spanish dairy cattle, and (2) to quantify its economic impact at the animal and herd level. In this study, claw data comprised 108,468 trimmings collected between 2012 and 2014 by 25 trimmers from 804 Holstein dairy herds. The claw disorders considered were the 3 most frequent disorders in Spanish dairy herds: dermatitis (DE), sole ulcer (SU), and white line disease (WL). The presence of SU or WL was associated with a significant decrease in milk production and was more important in cows in second or later lactations. A severe lesion of SU or WL lead to twice the milk losses associated with a mild lesion, ranging from 1.47 to 2.66 kg/d of energy-corrected milk. The presence of SU or WL during the early lactation period was associated with more days open, fewer inseminations to get pregnant, and longer calving to first service interval (4.83 and 8.0 d longer due to mild and severe lesions of SU, respectively, and 4.94 and 17.43 d longer due to mild and severe lesions of WL, respectively). The occurrence of a case of SU or WL in first lactation had a significant effect on longevity, with severe lesions reducing up to 71 d of productive life. The cost of a mild lesion ranged from $53 to $232 per affected cow and year, whereas the cost of a severe lesion ranged from $402 to $622 per affected cow and year. The annual costs per cow for DE, SU, and WL were $10.80, $50.9, and $43.2, respectively. An average herd with 64 cows had an extra expenditure of $691/yr due to DE, $3,256/yr due to SU, and $2,765/year due to WL. Milk losses, longer calving intervals, and premature culling contributed to more than half of the costs. Therefore, providing this information to farmers could help decide on strategies to reduce the incidence of claw disorders on the farm.     

改性填料在瓦楞原纸表面施胶中的应用

将经甲壳素和有机盐改性的填料以一定比例替代原淀粉进行瓦楞原纸表面施胶,其最佳替代比例为15%,瓦楞原纸物理指标不受影响,吨纸成本下降9元。     

基于清洁生产管理的陕西造纸企业环境成本构成研究

本文依托清洁生产理论,透过清洁生产管理对陕西造纸企业环境成本构成要素进行分析,并在此基础上进一步提出环境成本核算的对象,希望以陕西造纸企业环境成本构成研究为例,为我国造纸企业的环境成本构成及核算对象的确认提供研究基础及理论依据。     

基于Petri网的多工艺方案优化

以扩展的 Petri网模型 PP- net为工具确定可行工艺方案的制造成本 ,PP- net的每个变迁中含有加工时间、准备时间、搬运时间和更换刀具时间 ,由此可以得到工序制造成本评价函数。利用启发式搜索算法对 PP- net的可达树进行搜索 ,得到制造成本最低的工艺方案。     

吸收-喷射复合制冷循环与双效吸收式制冷循环的比较研究

分析比较了吸收－喷射复合制冷循环系统和双效吸收式制冷循环系统在流程、热力性能、技术－经济性能等三方面的差异,指出了吸收－喷射复合制冷循环的应用范围。     

电商企业应急物流中的商品运输规划模型

借鉴应急物流研究中运输优化的思路,采用最小费用最大流理论,建立了企业应急物流中商品运输模型,得出了在满足企业各配送点最小商品需求的前提下,以最低的运输费用将商品运送到各配送中心的运输方案,并给出了相应的求解方法。