爆破时差对地震效应的影响

通过对一次爆炸量为65t的硐室大爆破地震效应的实测,得出了一些有价值的结论。     

Use of Response Surface Methodology to Investigate the Effectiveness of Commercial Enzymes on Buckwheat Malt for Brewing Purposes

The influence of two factors, total concentration and fraction of three pairs of commercial enzymes, which showed statistical significance (Biocellulase W with Hitempase 2XL, Biocellulase W with Amylo 300 and Amylo 300 with Hitempase 2XL), were studied for their overall effect on buckwheat wort quality using response surface methodology (RSM). This study revealed that the addition of increasing levels of Hitempase 2XL to the buckwheat mash increased colour, extract levels, wort filtration, fermentability and total fermentable extract (TFE), along with decreasing viscosity values. Results also determined a high level of fermentability when an enzyme combination of 30% Biocellulase and 70% Hitempase was added to the mash. The addition of increasing levels of Amylo 300 to buckwheat mashes resulted in increases in fermentability and total fermentable extract (TFE), along with increases in total soluble nitrogen (TSN), free amino nitrogen (FAN) and Kolbach index (KI). With regard to the proposed optimal regime, although no synergistic effect was found when the three enzymes were used together, the optimum conditions for the production of buckwheat wort with lowest viscosity, highest extract and optimal fermentability were achieved using a joint model. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate the feasibility of producing wort suitable for the brewing of gluten‐free beer from 100% malted buckwheat with careful optimisation of enzyme types and dosage levels.     

Effect of Calcium Lactate, 4-Hexyl Resorcinol and Vacuum Packing on Physico-chemical, Sensory and Microbiological Qualities of Minimally Processed Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruits are very susceptible to pericarp browning which adversely affects consumer acceptability even though the aril portion remains in excellent condition. Litchi arils (litchis) were treated with a solution containing 0–2% (w/v) calcium lactate (CL), 0–0.02% (w/v) 4‐hexyl resorcinol (4‐HR) and 1% potassium sorbate. The pH of solution was adjusted to 4.0 with citric acid. Treated litchis were packed in polystyrene trays, over‐wrapped with polypropylene film, vacuum‐packed (0, 47409.3, 94831.9 Pa) and stored at 4 ± 2 °C. Drip losses, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), sensory attributes and microbiological quality of stored samples were estimated. A four‐factor, three‐level experimental design (D₆ Hokes design) with 19 experiments was chosen. Mathematical models were developed to analyse and predict the effect of CL, 4‐HR, in‐package vacuum and storage time on the responses. TSS, pH and sensory scores decreased significantly (P 0.01), whereas drip losses and microbial count increased significantly (P 0.01) with time. Drip loss was significantly (P 0.1) reduced by addition of CL. 4‐HR prevented browning and changes in colour score during storage were significantly less. Vacuum in packages exerted significant (P 0.01) effect over pH, TSS, sensory and microbiological qualities of minimally processed litchis.     

Emulsifying Capacity and Emulsion Stability of Soy Proteins Compared with Corn Germ Protein Flour

Both emulsifying capacity (EC) and emulsion stability (ES) increased with increasing concentrations from 0.4% to 0.8% of soy flour (SF), soy concentrate (SC), soy isolate (SI) and corn germ protein flour (CGPF) when studied by response surface methodology. EC and ES increased as pH increased from 6 to 8 in all samples. Increasing incubation temperatures of protein solutions from 20–70°C or from 4–20°C did not affect EC or ES, respectively. SF had the highest EC, followd by SI, SC, and CGPF.     

勘探地球物理技术最新进展——２００２年ＳＥＧ年会综述Ⅱ：解释与压力预测

根据2002年SEG年会部分论文编译而成，包括解释技术和压力预测技术。概要性地介绍了偏移成像技术；新属性技术；自动地震相分析技术；油气检测技术；储层反演技术和2种实用的压力预测技术。     

A Working Memory Workout: How to Expand the Focus of Serial Attention From One to Four Items in 10 Hours or Less.

Five individuals participated in an extensive practice study (10 1-hr sessions, 11,000 trials total) on a self-paced identity-judgment n-back task (n ranging from 1 to 5). Within Session 1, response time increased abruptly by about 300 ms in passing from n = 1 to n > 1, suggesting that the focus of attention can accommodate only a single item (H. Caravan, 1998; B. McElree, 2001). Within Session 10, response time was dramatically reduced and increased linearly with n for n ≤ 4, with a slope of about 30 ms. The data suggest that working memory consists of a focus of attention governed by a limited-capacity search, expandable through practice, and a content-addressable region outside the focus of attention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

中国海上时移地震技术应用的可行性研究

针对中国海上油田的具体情况，参照国外风险评估方法，进行了一些初步的时移地震可行性研究。总的来说，在中国海上开展时移地震是基本可行的，是必然的发展趋势，但中国海上油田的储层结构和成分比较复杂，因此必须针对不同油田的具体问题，做好各种风险性研究及相应的技术和策略，才能最大限度地降低风险，发挥时移地震技术的效益。     

Susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes strains to disinfectants and chlorinated alkaline cleaners at cold temperatures

Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), suspension and biofilm tests were used in evaluating the disinfecting efficacy of eight commercially available disinfectants and four chlorinated alkaline cleaners against 10 strains of Listeria monocytogenes at refrigerated temperatures. The adaptive response and cross-adaptation of L. monocytogenes to the disinfectants and chlorinated alkaline cleaners were investigated. The bactericidal components in the agents used were chlorine, quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), peracetic acid, ethanol and isopropanol. With some exceptions the disinfectants were efficient against the L. monocytogenes strains. One alkaline hypochlorite containing disinfectant was not efficient in the suspension and MIC tests at the lowest concentration recommended by the manufacturer. The chlorinated alkaline cleaners were effective against L. monocytogenes. A QAC-based disinfectant was found to be the least-effective agent on both glass bead-blasted polyethylene and stainless-steel surfaces. Adaptive and cross-adaptive responses of L. monocytogenes strains were observed towards the QAC-based agent, but over 2-fold increases to other agents were not observed. These results suggest that the adaptive responses of L. monocytogenes to disinfectants or chlorinated alkaline cleaners are of a minor concern.     

集成电路的现状及其发展趋势

集成电路是信息社会经济发展的基石。通过对集成电路发展规律的分析,从集成电路的设计、制造、新产品研发和市场动态等方面,描述了集成电路的最新动态;探讨了集成电路的发展趋势;指出集成电路与其它学科、技术的结合,不断形成新的研究方向;新材料、新结构、新器件不断涌现,特征尺寸继续缩小,摩尔定律仍然起作用。     

Characterization of temporal response, spectral responsivity and its spatial uniformity in photoconductive diamond detectors

Three photoconductive diamond detectors with highly oriented diamond (HOD) films fabricated by the same process were characterized with respect to temporal response, spectral responsivity and its spatial uniformity over the wavelength range from 190 to 250 nm. Temporal measurements showed a drift in the baseline, suggesting the presence of deep level carrier traps. The responsivity of specimen No. 2 was more than twice those of the other two specimens, but it showed an unpredictable current fluctuation. It was found that the spatial uniformities of all the specimens were too low for radiometric purposes. A prominent peak, thought to be due to photoemission, was found in the responsivity spatial distribution of specimen No. 3 under a negative applied voltage.