Radionuclides in primary coolant of a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor during normal operation

The release of fission products from coated particle fuel to primary coolant,as well as the activation of coolant and impurities,were analysed for a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor (FHR) system,and the activity of radionuclides accumulated in the coolant during normal operation was calculated.The release rate (release fraction per unit time) of fission products was calculated with STACY code,which is modelled mainly based on the Fick's law,while the activation of coolant and impurities was calculated with SCALE code.The accumulation of radionuclides in the coolant has been calculated with a simplified model,which is generally a time integration considering the generation and decay of radionuclides.The results show that activation products are the dominant gamma source in the primary coolant system during normal operation of the FHR while fission products become the dominant source after shutdown.In operation condition,health-impacts related nuclides such as 3H,and 14C originate from the activation of lithium and coolant impurities including carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen.According to the calculated effective cross sections of neutron activation,6Li and 14N are the dominant 3H production source and 14C production source,respectively.Considering the high production rate,3H and 14C should be treated before being released to the environment.     

电动汽车PMSM MTPA控制系统滑模速度控制

为了提高电动汽车电机驱动系统对参数摄动和负载扰动的鲁棒性,同时削弱滑模变结构控制( SMVSC)固有的抖振,将一种改进的滑模控制策略应用于永磁同步电机(PMSM)最大转矩电流比(MTPA)控制调速系统中.采用最大转矩电流比控制方法分配定子直轴、交轴电流,将他们与转矩的关系分别拟合为低阶多项式,提高了该方法的工程实用性;...     

土石坝动力反应分析

土石坝动力反应分析是土石坝力学计算中较为复杂和困难的课题。原因之一在于计算中选用的土石料和混凝土的动力本构模型与实际状态模拟有误 ;之二在于计算中动力平衡方程求解的复杂。本文试就动力反应的分析进行尝试 ,文中的计算方法在实际工程中得到验证 ,对于浙江溪口抽水蓄能电站上库面板堆石坝和四川清平水库面板堆石坝的计算分析得出合理有效的结果。1　动力本构模型1 .1　土石料动力本构模型土石料的动力性质较为复杂 ,它随振动频率而变化 ;剪切模量和阻尼比随动剪应变而变化。目前描述土石的动应力应变关系的模型有双线形模型、仑贝…     

压缩系统对温度突升响应的动态分析

基于时间滞后概念,建立了压缩系统动态响应分析的通用模型,并对温度突升条件下多级轴流压缩系统的动态响应及气动稳定性进行了详细的数值分析。对两个算例的分析,结果表明了本文新模型的可行性。     

浅谈有中国特色的渐进式改革道路

论述了中国是渐进式改革道路的国情依据、中国渐进式改革的经验和渐进式改革深入发展所需解决的主要问题．     

响应面优化低糖滇红奶茶的配方

目的 通过响应面法优化低糖滇红奶茶的配方。方法 以滇红茶、全脂奶粉、零卡糖为主要原料,通过单因素分析结合响应面实验设计优化滇红奶茶配方,并分析产品的理化及卫生指标。结果 优化配方为：滇红茶汁50%、全脂奶粉15%、零卡糖10%、乳化剂0.22%、稳定剂0.2%,此时感官评分为87.83。滇红奶茶浅棕色稳定性好、质地均匀、浓稠恰当、细腻滑润无杂质,甜味适中茶香味与奶香香味协调无异味,经测定蛋白质含量(5.99±0.06)%、脂肪含量(3.38±0.02)%、茶多酚含量(320.6±2.25) mg/kg,微生物指标符合国家标准。结论 本研究开发了一种低糖健康的滇红奶茶,为滇红茶的深加工提供一定的实验依据。     

Environmental Stress and Plants

Land plants are constantly subjected to multiple unfavorable or even adverse environmental conditions. Among them, abiotic stresses (such as salt, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals, ozone, UV radiation, and nutrient deficiencies) have detrimental effects on plant growth and productivity and are increasingly important considering the direct or indirect effects of climate change. Plants respond in many ways to abiotic stresses, from gene expression to physiology, from plant architecture to primary, and secondary metabolism. These complex changes allow plants to tolerate and/or adapt to adverse conditions. The complexity of plant response can be further influenced by the duration and intensity of stress, the plant genotype, the combination of different stresses, the exposed tissue and cell type, and the developmental stage at which plants perceive the stress. It is therefore important to understand more about how plants perceive stress conditions and how they respond and adapt (both in natural and anthropogenic environments). These concepts were the basis of the Special Issue that International Journal of Molecular Sciences expressly addressed to the relationship between environmental stresses and plants and that resulted in the publication of 5 reviews and 38 original research articles. The large participation of several authors and the good number of contributions testifies to the considerable interest that the topic currently receives in the plant science community, especially in the light of the foreseeable climate changes. Here, we briefly summarize the contributions included in the Special Issue, both original articles categorized by stress type and reviews that discuss more comprehensive responses to various stresses.     

核桃花中绿原酸、新绿原酸和隐绿原酸的提取工艺响应面优化及其抗氧化活性研究

目的 探讨干燥核桃花中绿原酸、隐绿原酸和新绿原酸的最佳提取工艺及其抗氧化活性。方法 采用超声波辅助乙醇法提取核桃花中的绿原酸、新绿原酸和隐绿原酸, 以提取温度、乙醇体积分数、提取时间和料液比为自变量, 以得率的总评归一值(overall desirability, OD)为因变量, 应用响应面对提取工艺进行优化, 并通过体外实验评价了其抗氧化活性。结果 最佳提取工艺为：温度77℃, 乙醇体积分数67%, 提取时间28 min, 料液比1: 23(g/mL)。此时,绿原酸、新绿原酸和隐绿原酸的总提取率最佳, OD值可达0.91, 对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基和羟自由基的半数抑制浓度(Half-maximal Inhibitory concentrations, IC50)值分别为41.63、41.68和34.43 μg/mL。结论 优选出的工艺稳定可行, 且提取液具有较好的体外抗氧化活性, 为核桃花中绿原酸类成分的进一步开发利用提供了理论基础。     

Multiplexed-Based Assessment of DNA Damage Response to Chemotherapies Using Cell Imaging Cytometry

The current methods for measuring the DNA damage response (DDR) are relatively labor-intensive and usually based on Western blotting, flow cytometry, and/or confocal immunofluorescence analyses. They require many cells and are often limited to the assessment of a single or few proteins. Here, we used the Celigo^® image cytometer to evaluate the cell response to DNA-damaging agents based on a panel of biomarkers associated with the main DDR signaling pathways. We investigated the cytostatic or/and the cytotoxic effects of these drugs using simultaneous propidium iodide and calcein-AM staining. We also describe new dedicated multiplexed protocols to investigate the qualitative (phosphorylation) or the quantitative changes of eleven DDR markers (H2AX, DNA-PKcs, ATR, ATM, CHK1, CHK2, 53BP1, NBS1, RAD51, P53, P21). The results of our study clearly show the advantage of using this methodology because the multiplexed-based evaluation of these markers can be performed in a single experiment using the standard 384-well plate format. The analyses of multiple DDR markers together with the cell cycle status provide valuable insights into the mechanism of action of investigational drugs that induce DNA damage in a time- and cost-effective manner due to the low amounts of antibodies and reagents required.