垃圾填埋场渗滤液的产生及处理现状

城市垃圾渗滤液是一种含许多污染物的高浓度有机废水，若不加处理直接排放，会造成严重的环境问题。介绍了城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液的产生、性质及现有的处理方法，分析了各种处理方法的优缺点。认为回灌法作为一种有效的垃圾渗滤液的处理方法，应有较大的应用前景。     

KMnO4药剂与紫外光联用去除难降解有机污染物的研究

对高锰酸钾药剂处理难降解有机污染物的可行性进行了研究结果表明高锰酸钾不仅能用于微污染物的处理，同样也可用于难降解有机污染物的处理高锰酸钾药剂与紫外光联用深度处理垃圾渗滤液，具有优良的除污染效能．CODcr去除率达80％，UV335退色率达95％以上．还具有很好的灭菌作用．是一种高效、经济的除污染技术．在垃圾渗滤液的深度处理中具有很好的应用前景．     

垃圾填埋场渗滤液回灌技术与应用

通过对填埋场渗滤液回灌技术理论依据和主要影响因素的分析,认为水力负荷、有机负荷和配水次数是影响渗滤液回灌处理效果的主要技术参数.回灌技术在上海市废弃物老港处置场的中试研究结果表明:对填埋场进行渗滤液回灌,能净化渗滤液,降低渗滤液处理费用.     

Fenton氧化处理垃圾渗滤液生化工艺出水的影响因素研究

采用Fenton试剂处理生化处理后的垃圾渗滤液,探讨了pH、Fe2+、H2O2、反应时间等对CODCr去除效果的影响.结果表明,Fenton氧化法对垃圾渗滤液CODCr去除有较好的效果.Fen ton氧化法的最佳操作条件:pH=7,H2O2投加次数为1,FeSO4·7H2O的投加量为0.1mol/L,H2O2/FeSO4·7H2O投加比为4∶1,反应时间为210min,反应温度为30℃.     

A new flexible and reliable IVF-TOPSIS method based on uncertainty risk reduction in decision making process

One of the challenging and famous types of MCDM (Multiple Criteria Decision Making) problems that includes both quantitative and qualitative criteria is Facility location selection problem. For the common fuzzy MCDM problems (Type-1 fuzzy MCDM problems), the ratings of alternatives with respect to the criteria or/and the values of criteria weights, are expressed by the common fuzzy numbers. However, in the majority of cases, determining the exact membership degree for each element of the fuzzy sets which are considered for the ratings of alternatives with respect to the criteria or/and the values of criteria weights as a number in interval [0,1], is difficult. In this situation, the ratings of alternatives with respect to the criteria or/and the values of criteria weights, are expressed by the IVFNs (Interval Valued Fuzzy Numbers) and thereby the IVF-MCDM (Interval Valued Fuzzy MCDM) methods should be used. In this paper, the authors propose an IVF-TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method based on uncertainty risk reduction in decision making process. By using this method, the reliability of the captured decisions in an IVF decision making problem is significantly increased. The proposed method is applied for solving a real application problem related to selecting a suitable location for digging some pits for municipal wet waste landfill in one of the largest cities in Iran. The proposed method is also compared with another IVF-TOPSIS method. As a result, the authors concluded that in addition to benefits such as simplicity and ease of use that exist in the previous IVF-TOPSIS methods, the proposed method has a significant reliability and flexibility and is practical for facility location selection problems and other IVF-MCDM problems.     

Modelling and optimization of a wellhead gas flowmeter using concentric pipes

A novel configuration of a landfill wellhead was analysed to measure the flow rate of gas extracted from sanitary landfills. The device provides access points for pressure measurement integral to flow rate computation similarly to orifice and Venturi meters, and has the advantage of eliminating the problem of water condensation often impairing the accuracy thereof. It is proved that the proposed configuration entails comparable computational complexity and negligible sensitivity to geometric parameters. Calibration for the new device was attained using a custom optimization procedure, operating on a quadri-dimensional parameter surface evincing discontinuity and non-smoothness.     

Isolation and identification of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) biodegrading bacteria from waste landfill in Yazd

Microorganisms used as a biodegradation technique can provide economic benefits and can be compatible with the environment. The aim of this study was to isolate low-density polyethylene (LDPE) degrading bacteria. The waste samples were collected from Yazd landfills. Biochemical and molecular tests based on 16S rDNA sequencing were done to identify the superior isolates. Biodegradation rate was measured using weight loss measurement, spectroscopic analysis with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and an investigation of surface morphology changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two biodegrading isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SKN1 and strain SKN2. The weight loss of LDPE strips was measured at 10.32%. SEM micrographs showed the surface degradation and colony formation on LDPE strips. The FTIR spectrum revealed the structural changes on LDPE strip surfaces. Bio-decomposition was observed to have taken place and the bacterial strains had a special ability to biodegrade LDPE wastes.     

垃圾填埋场进场道路设计的几点体会

对垃圾填埋场进场道路的特点进行了分析,并对进场道路平、纵、横断面,路基设计要点进行了介绍,给出了环境保护措施,指出在路线设计过程中要综合考虑纵、横断面设计,借助辅助设计工具反复试线,以确定出满意的线位。     

极低放废物的填埋处置

极低放废物所含放射性水平很低,可以采用简易和经济的填埋方法处置。本文概述了区分极低放废物的意义,极低放废物的定义和限值,介绍了国外极低放废物的处置方法,并对我国的极低放废物处置提出了建议意见。     

HDPE土工膜在填埋场中的应用技术与施工工艺

本文分析了HDPE,即高密度级乙烯土工膜的特征,通过对比分析,结合国家对于填埋场中防渗材料的相关规定,深入介绍了HDPE土工膜在填埋场中的应用技术相关的施工注意事项。其中,HDPE 土工膜的选材及施工技术质量控制,对于保证防渗层使用可靠性具有极大的意义。