基于渗流-压缩耦合作用的填埋场渗沥液导排量分析

目前,渗滤液的导排量分析通常采取水文分析方法或经验公式获得,不考虑由于填埋体的压缩引起的排出,从而低估渗滤液导排量或难以估计封场后渗沥液的产生情况。采用有限元软件模拟填埋体压缩及饱和-非饱和渗流过程,考虑了填埋体渗透系数由于压缩发生的改变而变化,分析了各堆填阶段的渗沥液导排量。研究了初始含水率、压缩性、降雨强度等对渗滤液导排量的影响,并和现场实测数据进行了对比验证。结果表明：垃圾初始含水率、压缩性、降雨强度是决定渗沥液导排量的主要因素,垃圾初始压缩指数C_c为1.31时的渗沥液导排量比不考虑压缩堆填期间的渗沥液导排量提高了26.0%;分区填埋作业时,渗沥液导排较小,且随时间波动较小。     

MBR/DTRO工艺用于中老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理

介绍了南通市垃圾填埋场渗滤液提标改造工程的设计及试运行情况,总结了MBR/DTRO工艺处理中老龄垃圾填埋场渗滤液的工程设计经验,并分析了蒸发工艺处理浓缩液的利弊。结果表明,MBR/DTRO系统处理中老龄填埋场渗滤液能保证出水水质稳定且优于《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)表3标准,对水质水量的抗冲击负荷能力较强。采用DTRO膜处理MBR出水和蒸发工艺处理浓缩液使最终清液产率达到95.4%,但该法运行成本较高,经济不发达地区不宜采用。     

UASB-外置式MBR-NF组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液工程实例

采用UASB-外置式MBR-NF组合工艺对生活垃圾渗滤液进行处理,处理规模为50 m~3/d。介绍了该工程的设计和运行情况,运行结果表明,该工艺耐冲击负荷,生物降解效率高,出水稳定,处理效果良好,出水水质满足GB 16889—2008《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》一般污染物排放要求。     

The Use of Reverse Osmosis in the Removal of PAHs from Municipal Landfill Leachate

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are relatively well-known organic pollutants and due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties their presence in the environment still attracts a lot of attention.

According to literature reports and own research, PAHs presence in wastewaters is common. It was confirmed that PAHs are the components of municipal landfill leachate. Membrane techniques are one of the most interesting ways of removing PAHs from leachate.

The purpose of this article is to monitor PAHs concentration changes during the membrane (reverse osmosis - RO) leachate treatment processes. In the first stage of testing leachates were filtrated on the sand bed (pre-filtration). After the pre-filtration they were directed to the membrane module for the main filtration.

Sixteen PAHs listed by EPA were analyzed. The results with information on PAHs concentration in leachate samples were presented using HPLC with fluorescence detection (FLD). The changes in PAHs concentration were determined in leachate samples before and after pre-filtration as well as after RO. The decrease of PAHs concentration in the samples was observed after these processes. The total concentration of 16 PAHs in raw municipal landfill leachates amounted to 23.64–26.95 μg/L. The research confirmed the high efficiency in removal of PAHs while using a reverse osmosis (59–72%). Including the pre-filtration, the overall level of removed PAHs reached 81–86%. The average PAHs concentration after pre-filtration and RO was in the 4.46–4.99 μg/L range. The municipal landfill leachate with a high concentration of PAHs should be cleaned before it is discharged into the environment.     

Interface transmissivity of conventional and multicomponent GCLs for three permeants

A laboratory investigation of the interface transmissivity is reported for five different geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) and a range of different geomembranes (GMBs) for a range of stresses from 10 to 150?kPa. The GCLs were prehydrated under normal stress before permeation. The GCLs examined comprised three multicomponent (a smooth coated, a smooth laminated, and textured coated) and two conventional (one with granular and one with powdered sodium bentonite) GCLs. The effect of a 4?mm circular defect in the coating of a multicomponent GCL directly below the 10?mm diameter hole in the GMB is investigated. The effect of GMB stiffness and texture is examined. Additionally, the effect of hydration and permeation of smooth coated GCL with highly saline solution and synthetic landfill leachate (SL3) is presented. It is shown that the 2-week interface transmissivity (θ_2-week) can be one to two orders of magnitude higher than steady-state interface transmissivity (θ _steady-state) at low stresses (10?kPa–50?kPa), whereas at high stresses (150?kPa) the variation is substantially less. For a smooth coated GCL hydrated and permeated with reverse osmosis (RO) water, GMB stiffness and texture has a limited effect on interface transmissivity when the coating is placed in contact with GMB at normal stresses of 10?kPa–150?kPa, whereas coating indentations result in much high interface transmissivity when placed in contact with GMB. GCL prehydration and permeation with highly saline solutions leads to higher interface transmissivity compared to RO water. With a 4.0?mm defect in the coating, the interface transmissivity between the coating and woven geotextile is higher than that between the coating and GMB for the stress levels and GCL examined.     

城市垃圾填埋场水泥基防渗浆材的研究

针对垃圾填埋场防治沥出液渗漏的要求，研制了一种水泥基膨润土-粉煤灰-水泥（BFS）防渗浆材，该浆材具有渗透系数低、吸附阻滞性能好的特点。介绍了该浆材的材料及试验研究成果。     

混凝-Fenton法对中晚期垃圾渗滤液预处理研究

利用混凝-Fenton法对中晚期垃圾渗滤液进行预处理研究。首先以PAC为混凝剂,PAM为助凝剂对垃圾渗滤液进行混凝处理,然后对混凝后渗滤液进行Fenton氧化。考察混凝剂用量,起始pH值,H2O2/FeSO4·7H2O投加比,Fenton试剂投药量和搅拌速度对垃圾渗滤液COD去除的影响,并进行正交试验分析。结果表明:混凝法的最佳投药量为1 L渗滤液投加1.5 g PAC和5 mg PAM;Fenton法的最佳条件为:起始pH值为3,H2O2/FeSO4·7H2O投加比为8∶1,Fenton试剂投药量为135 g/L,搅拌速度为150 r/min;各因素对Fenton试验影响大小为:起始pH值Fenton试剂投药量搅拌速度。在最佳条件下,混凝-Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液COD去除率可达91.41%。     

生活垃圾填埋场中恶臭气体的季节变化特点

通过对生活垃圾填埋场中恶臭气体（硫化氢、氨、氮氧化物、甲烷等）,在不同季节（春、夏、冬季）的监测,分析其随季节的变化特点。得出夏季垃圾填埋场恶臭气体的浓度高于冬季,和恶臭气体并不是由单个恶臭气体浓度简单加和而成,而是有明显的协同作用两个结论。从而为生活垃圾填埋场的恶臭污染控制提供参考依据。     

芬顿+改良活性炭深度处理垃圾渗滤液的应用

主要研究了芬顿+改良活性炭深度处理垃圾渗滤液在实际工程中的应用。考察了初始运行的处理效果,CODCr、SS、色度均能达标,UV254(反映腐殖酸类物质的量)的去除效果表较明显。对吸附剂的实际吸附能力进行了考察,一级吸附在运行110天时才出现吸附效率明显降低,二级吸附在一级吸附能力下降时可以保证较高的去除率(70%以上)。该工艺深度处理中晚期垃圾渗滤液药剂费和活性炭更换费之和为21.27元/吨水,可以满足渗滤液处理的经济性要求。     

垃圾焚烧炉渣填埋渗滤液成分分析——以深圳老虎坑垃圾卫生填埋场二期为例

文章通过对垃圾焚烧炉渣产生机理、化学及物理组成成分的分析,结合国外渗滤实验、淋溶实验等对渗滤液中无机、有机成分的检测结果,得出深圳老虎坑二期炉渣填埋渗滤液成分的分析结果。