丙烯酸酯聚氨酯/SiO2纳米复合涂层结构与形态对其耐刮伤性影响研究

以四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)作为主要前驱体,通过改变溶胶-凝胶工艺参数制得了结构和形态各异的丙烯酸酯聚氨酯/SiO2纳米复合涂层,利用TEM、SAXS等手段表征涂层的结构与形态,由洗刷前后涂层的失光率来表征耐刮伤性,详细探讨了纳米复合涂层耐刮伤性与SiO2相特征、有机无机相作用力及SiO2质量分数之间的关系。研究表明:丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂层中引入纳米SiO2相后,耐刮伤性明显提高。有机相与SiO2相之间的作用力是影响涂层耐刮伤性的最重要因素,作用力越强,耐刮伤性越好。网络状纳米SiO2与颗粒状纳米SiO2相比,更有利于耐刮伤性的提高,且网络状纳米SiO2质量分数越大,耐刮伤性越佳,但SiO2相的致密度和尺寸对耐刮伤性影响较小。对于颗粒状胶体SiO2,在15~160 nm范围内,粒径对耐刮伤性没有明显影响;随着胶体SiO2粒子的质量分数增加,耐刮伤性先增大后减小。     

SiO2/Zn2SnO4/环氧丙烯酸酯涂层的阻燃性能

为了探究复合纳米颗粒对环氧丙烯酸酯（EA）涂层阻燃性能的影响，以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为原料合成了介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒，以ZnCl₂和SnCl₄·5H₂O为原料合成了锡酸锌（Zn₂SnO₄）纳米颗粒，将它们复合制成了介孔二氧化硅/锡酸锌复合纳米颗粒（SiO₂/Zn₂SnO₄），并用X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）对其表征。将所制的纳米颗粒（介孔SiO₂、Zn₂SnO₄、SiO₂/Zn₂SnO₄）与丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、EA复合，经UV光固化制备出3种涂层（SiO₂/EA、Zn₂SnO₄/EA、SiO₂/Zn₂SnO₄/EA），通过紫外-可见光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）及氧指数测定仪等对涂层的透光率、热稳定性、阻燃性能进行测试。结果表明：SiO₂/Zn₂SnO₄/EA涂层的综合性能较佳，当SiO₂/Zn₂SnO₄质量分数为4.85%时，该涂层的热稳定性及阻燃性能最佳，其极限氧指数、燃烧级别、残炭率（500℃下马弗炉煅烧）和硬度分别为31、V-0、17.32 % 及6H。     

PTA尾气吸附系统的优化

针对吸附系统内除湿剂硅胶频繁破碎现象进行优化。在找出硅胶破碎原因的基础上,通过吸附塔直径放大18.3%,引出部分尾气,使床层流速降低。在吸附塔进口管处,安装雾沫分离器;在硅胶前沿填充部分耐水硅胶以减少液态水的冲击。再生蒸汽加热管上加调节阀防止硅胶过分干燥。使A塔硅胶使用了540d,B塔硅胶使用了630d。     

有机-无机(硅溶胶)复合涂料的制备

有机-无机(硅溶胶)复合涂料，既具有硅溶胶耐候性好、硬度高、附着力强、耐水、耐碱、耐沾污等特点，又具有有机聚合物成膜性好、韧性大、光泽高等特点。本法选用江阴国联化工有限公司生产的交联改性的苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯乳液与硅溶胶通过物理混拼法，并辅以适当的颜填料、助剂制备的涂料，可作为外墙封闭型底漆用于水泥砂浆、混凝土等硅酸盐基材及用于外墙装饰。文章还述及制备工艺及注意事项。     

Effect of low molecular weight polybutadiene as processing aid on properties of silica‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber compounds

Because silica has strong filler–filler interactions, a silica‐filled rubber compound shows a poor filler dispersion compared to a carbon black‐filled one. Improvement of the filler dispersion in silica‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds was studied using low molecular weight polybutadiene (liquid PBD) with the high content of 1,2‐unit. By adding the liquid PBD to the silica‐filled SBR compound, the filler dispersion and flow property are improved. The cure time and cure rate become faster as the 1,2‐unit content of the liquid PBD increases for the compounds containing the liquid PBD. The crosslink density increases linearly with increase in the 1,2‐unit content of the liquid PBD. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3135–3140, 2003     

加成型液体乙烯基硅橡胶的研制Ⅱ.白炭黑表面处理对硅橡胶性能的影响

以六甲基二硅氮烷为主要表面处理剂，考察了表面处理剂、处理助剂、水的用量等对白炭黑增强效果的影响。结果表明，处理100份白炭黑时，用25份六甲基二硅氮烷，5份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷，5份水，所得白炭黑对加成型液体硅橡胶增强效果较好。     

海工高性能混凝土用复合胶凝材料的试验研究

在调查分析海工混凝土工程实例的基础上，试验研究了硅酸盐水泥中掺入矿粉、粉煤灰、硅灰等混合材料对海工混凝土性能的影响。研究结果表明，在硅酸盐水泥中掺加矿粉、粉煤灰、硅灰等混合材料可以改善海工混凝土的综合性能。矿物混合材料的复合掺入比单独掺入能更好地改善混凝土抗Cl^-侵蚀性能。海工专用复合胶凝材料生产时宜尽可能地采用多种混合材料。     

硅灰石合成高比表面积二氧化硅的工艺研究

一系列硅灰石酸处理实验表明,产物物理性质与反应速度、反应时间、中和最终ｐＨ值等工艺条件有关。同时发现,如果工艺条件恰当,可以制得４００～６００ｍ＾２／ｇ的高比表面积二氧化硅。     

含钛介孔SiO2 催化剂的合成及其催化性能

分别以廉价硅酸钠与正硅酸乙酯为硅源,通过复合模板剂制备了介孔二氧化硅,并利用吸附相反应技术合成了TiO2/SiO2复合催化剂。用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外谱图分析(FT-IR)等手段对其结构进行了表征,通过苯酚的羟基化反应考察了催化剂的催化性能。     

Synthesis and characterization of porous media produced by a sol-gel method

Mesoporous silica materials were synthesized by sol-gel method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursors and surfactants i.e., cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyoxyethylene cetyl ether (Brij 56) as templates. Surfactant templates were completely removed by calcination to form mesoporous structure. The effects of type and amount of surfactants on the characteristics of samples were studied. The textural characteristics such as surface area, pore volume, pore size, and pore size distribution were determined by nitrogen sorption isotherms. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to qualitatively identify the chemical functionality and to confirm the removal of surfactant template. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to directly observe surface morphology and mesoporous structure, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the synthesized adsorbent for toluene vapor was examined. We found that the pore volume and pore size of mesoporous materials affected the adsorption capacity. The sample prepared with high content of CTAB under basic condition (pH ∼7) yielded large pore volumes and pore sizes and subsequently possessed the high adsorption capacity for toluene vapor.