The use of micro-simulation for congested traffic load modeling of medium- and long-span bridges

This paper presents a new approach to the modeling of congested traffic loading events on long span bridges. Conventional traffic load models are based on weigh-in-motion data of non-congested traffic, or something similar to a Poisson Arrival process. In neither case do they account for the mixing between lanes that takes place as traffic becomes congested. It is shown here that cars move out from between trucks as traffic slows down which results in a higher frequency of long platoons of trucks in the slow lane of the bridge. These longer platoons increase some characteristic load effects under the slow lane by a modest but significant amount. Micro-simulation, the process of modeling individual vehicles that is widely used in traffic modeling, is presented here as a means of predicting imposed traffic loading on long-span bridges more accurately. The traffic flow on a congested bridge is modelled using a random mixing process for trucks and cars in each lane, where each vehicle is modelled individually with driver behaviour parameters assigned randomly in a Monte Carlo process. Over a number of simulated kilometres, the vehicles move between lanes in simulated lane-changing manoeuvres. The algorithm was calibrated against video recordings of traffic on a bridge in the Netherlands. Extreme value statistics of measured strains on the bridge are then compared to the corresponding simulation statistics to validate the model. The micro-simulation algorithm shows that the histograms of truck platoon length are moderately affected by lane changing. This in turn is shown to influence some characteristic load effects of the bridge deck.     

某高速匝道独柱墩连续箱梁桥横向抗倾覆稳定性分析

针对独柱墩连续箱梁桥在汽车超载或偏载作用下横向易失稳的问题，总结了横向失稳坍塌的过程，分析了其失稳机理，然后阐述了独柱墩桥横向失稳的判别准则和计算方法，并对某高速匝道独柱墩连续箱梁桥进行分析，验算了其横向倾覆安全系数、支座脱空和支座转角，验算结果表明其横向倾覆稳定性满足安全运营的要求。     

钢桥静载试验结果偏差原因分析

某钢结构人行天桥的静载试验结果与理论分析结果偏差较大,为查找原因,首先深入分析试验结果的特征,推断出其主要原因,然后通过进一步的有限元理论分析证明了这种推断的准确性,最后还讨论了这种偏差导致结构受力的变化。     

铁路特大桥单箱三室三向预应力箱梁施工技术

主要介绍了铁路双线系杆拱大跨度现浇箱梁（主跨56m、双线铁路桥）的支架、混凝土施工、预应力施工方案，并对方案进行了深入的探讨，从而找出了施工跨路现浇箱梁的最优方案，以指导类似工程的施工。     

《自承式给水钢管跨越结构设计规程》简介

本文简要介绍《自承式给水钢管跨越结构设计规程》的编写背景、主要内容、适用范围及其力学特点。同时指出规程尚有待进一步讨论的若干问题，以资修编时参考。     

大流动性混凝土在系杆钢管拱桥中的施工控制

结合北澄子河大桥的施工着重介绍自密实混凝土的配合比设计、原材料、模板质量、浇筑方法、预埋件固定等一系列施工控制措施，以确保浇筑的顺利进行和构件的施工质量。     

均匀受压工字型等截面三铰圆弧钢拱的平面内稳定性和极限强度

采用大挠度弹塑性有限单元法对均匀受压等截面三铰圆弧钢拱的平面内稳定性和极限强度进行研究,考虑了材料非线性、残余应力、初始几何缺陷和矢跨比的影响,得到了均匀受压工字型等截面三铰圆弧钢拱的平面内稳定性设计曲线,并与国内外钢结构设计规范轴心受压构件的稳定曲线进行了对比,得出了轴心受压构件的稳定曲线不能直接用于拱的稳定性设计的重要结论。     

砖拱楼盖房屋振动试验与分析

本文给出了矢跨比分别为1/10和1/6的两幢二层砖拱楼盖房屋模型的振动台试验结果。对整个模型房屋建立了弹性支承杆系力学模型,用频率响应法分析了模型的位移反应,导出了相应的频率响应函数,并对各阶段的模型刚度参数进行了讨论。对砖拱楼盖,采用拱框结构力学模型进行了自由振动分析,并探讨了局部振动和整体振动等同题。     

广义铰接板法分析弯桥

本文基于铰接板法原理,考虑各曲板梁的弯扭耦合效应及其跨长的横桥向变化,导出弯板桥荷载横向分布的简化分析公式。其计算值与模型桥加载试验结果相符较佳。     

逆变器短路控制式串级调速系统在发电厂排煤粉机90kW绕线式异步电动机上的应用

本文介绍了逆变器短路控制式串级调速系统在本钢发电厂排煤粉机00kW绕线式异步电机上的应用,文中介绍了该串调系统的工作原理,实际构成,工业实验结果及体会。