电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定土壤中8种组分

为满足土地质量调查的需求,实现土壤中多组分的同时消解及准确测定,提高大批量样品的分析效率,建立了土壤样品经高压密闭消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、Ba、Mn、Cu、Zn的方法。通过对消解体系、酸用量、消解温度等方面的考察,确定最佳实验条件;并对待测液中共存元素Al、Fe的干扰进行探讨,两者均不干扰测定。各组分校准曲线线性相关系数均大于0.999;检出限为0.01~10μg/g。实验方法用于测定土壤标准样品GBW07385、GBW07386、GBW07388中K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、Ba、Mn、Cu、Zn,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为1.1%~4.3%,相对误差RE为-4.0%~4.6%。采用实验方法对土壤实际样品中K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、Ba、Mn、Cu、Zn进行测定,结果的RSD(n=6)为1.2%~4.6%;并与地矿行业标准方法DZ/T 0279.2—2016测定结果进行比对,测得结果基本一致。     

污染土壤/底泥电动修复研究进展

修复污染土壤/底泥对改善生态环境质量极为重要,通过对污染土壤/底泥施加电场,可使污染物定向迁移、富集并去除.综述了电动修复的发展历程,比较了重金属、有机污染物及复合污染物的电动修复机理及其限制因素,分析了土壤预处理(加入酸、氧化剂、共溶剂、表面活性剂,搅拌,升温等)、电极优化(交换电极、阳极逼近、电极矩阵等)、多技术(...     

多参数土壤氡连续监测局域网系统的研制

采用传统的单点土壤氡测试技术进行多点监测,工作效率低,还因氧气的释放与运移有一定的涨落,影响不同测点间数据的可比性。研制多参数土壤氡测量仪,并引入CAN（Controller Area Network）总线技术搭建局域测氡网络,实现多点同时测量,能满足区域氡水平调查、氡运移规律研究及工程地质异常区圈定等多领域的应用需求。系统样机的标定结果与商品化测氡仪作对比,体现出较好的一致性。     

福建设施葡萄园土壤氮磷钾丰缺状况及垂直分布特征

以福建寿宁高优葡萄示范园区为研究对象,选取了14个代表性葡萄园(坡地6个和平地8个),按照0～20 cm、20～40 cm和40～60 cm深度分层取样,测定土壤氮、磷、钾含量,研究养分的垂直分布特征。结果表明:平地葡萄园土壤氮磷钾含量明显高于坡地葡萄园;调查区内土壤养分具有明显的表层"积聚效应",土壤全氮、全磷及其有效量和有效钾含量随土层深度的增加而增加;除有效磷和全钾在中等以上水平外,其他指标均处于缺素状态,土壤不平衡缺肥现象比较突出。因此,应充分考虑葡萄园所处的地形位置,合理配施氮磷肥,避免盲目过量施用钾肥,通过增施有机肥和补充土壤微生物菌剂,促进被固定土壤养分的重新利用。不仅减少化肥的投入量,还可以避免因养分大量富集而造成的农业面源污染。     

高透氧软性角膜接触镜研究进展

基于硅水凝胶材料的高透氧软性角膜接触镜是最新一代的接触镜,可以满足消费者连续配戴的要求,同时可以消除因配戴接触镜引起的缺氧相关症状。硅水凝胶能很好平衡光学性质、透氧性、含水量和机械强度等本体性质。回顾了大量文献和专利,从本体材料角度,综述了高透氧软性接触镜的研究现状。     

The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Soft tissue defects are common following trauma and tumor extirpation. These injuries can result in poor functional recovery and lead to a diminished quality of life. The healing of skin and muscle is a complex process that, at present, leads to incomplete recovery and scarring. Regenerative medicine may offer the opportunity to improve the healing process and functional outcomes. Barriers to regenerative strategies have included cost, regulatory hurdles, and the need for cell-based therapies. In recent years, exosomes, or extracellular vesicles, have gained tremendous attention in the field of soft tissue repair and regeneration. These nanosized extracellular particles (30–140 nm) can break the cellular boundaries, as well as facilitate intracellular signal delivery in various regenerative physiologic and pathologic processes. Existing studies have established the potential of exosomes in regenerating tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves through different mechanisms, including promoting myogenesis, increasing tenocyte differentiation and enhancing neurite outgrowth, and the proliferation of Schwann cells. These exosomes can be stored for immediate use in the operating room, and can be produced cost efficiently. In this article, we critically review the current advances of exosomes in soft tissue (tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves) healing. Additionally, new directions for clinical applications in the future will be discussed.     

Lipid biophysics and/or soft matter-inspired approach for controlling enveloped virus infectivity

Proven as a natural barrier against viral infection, pulmonary surfactant phospholipids have a biophysical and immunological role within the respiratory system, acting against microorganisms including viruses. Enveloped viruses have, in common, an outer bilayer membrane that forms the underlying structure for viral membrane proteins to function in an optimal way to ensure infectivity. Perturbating the membrane of viruses using exogenous lipids can be envisioned as a generic way to reduce their infectivity. In this context, the potential of exogenous lipids to be used against enveloped virus infectivity would be indicated by the resulting physical stress imposed to the viral membrane, and conical lipids, i.e. lyso-lipids, would be expected to generate stronger biophysical disturbances. We confirm that when treated with lyso-lipids the infectivity three strains of influenza virus (avian H2N3, equine H3N8 or pandemic human influenza H1N1) is reduced by up to 99% in a cell-based model. By contrast, lipids with a similar head group but two aliphatic chains were less effective (reducing infection by only 40–50%). This work opens a new path to merge concepts from different research fields, i.e. ‘soft matter physics'' and virology.     

制浆蒸煮过程卡伯值测定的研究

采用RBF-CSR方法测定卡伯值，CSR方法将从自变量参数矩阵和因变量向量中提取成分，循环地构造并扩张Krylov子空间，且以此作为源空间，运用最小二乘淮则解得映射到因变量实空间的线性泛函。整个求解过程包括了最小二乘回归（LSR），主成分回归（PCR），偏最小二乘回归（PLS）及其他中间回归方法。然后由预报能力的强弱，从中确定最佳回归模型。通过实验表明，采用该方法测定制浆蒸煮过程卡伯值，效果良好。     

防差错系统在软胶囊生产中的应用

随着制造执行系统(manufacturing execution system, MES)在汽车制造业中的广泛运用, 越来越多的行业开始导入MES系统。我国保健食品行业发展迅速, 市场规模不断扩大, 越来越多的企业将MES系统导入到生产过程中, 目前绝大多数企业只停留在MES系统的初级阶段, 用于物料、容器具和人员的追踪等。我司在MES系统的基础上, 对软胶囊生产进行防差错系统开发, 将防差错系统与MES系统全方面的结合, 并运用到软胶囊生产过程中。通过对软胶囊生产工艺分析, 确定各个环节的质量风险点, 增加探头感应器、扫描枪、编程, 赋予设备与物料条形码, 实现配料化胶、压丸、干燥选丸防差错系统的开发。防差错系统的开发应用, 减少了软胶囊生产过程的质量风险点, 避免人为因素带来的质量偏差, 实现生产过程中的局部自动化, 为实现软胶囊连线生产奠定了扎实的基础。     

食用菌软包装保鲜技术研究

研究了软包装技术在食用菌保鲜中的应用。在常温储藏条件下,从保鲜液澄清度变化、保鲜液酸度变化、食用菌色泽变化、食用菌形态变化4个方面来考察不同保鲜液配方的保鲜效果。实验表明:保鲜液1号的保鲜效果较佳,可以与含亚硫酸盐的保鲜液3号效果相当,常温下存放一个月,品质变化不大。