燃料电池不锈钢双极板CrN/CrC薄膜表面改性研究

采用离子镀技术在质子交换膜燃料电池不锈钢双极板表面制备了CrN/CrC多层薄膜。测试结果表明,与未镀膜的不锈钢基体相比,镀膜不锈钢的接触电阻(120N/cm2压紧力)降低2个数量级,并且耐蚀性能显著改善,腐蚀电流密度降低0.5~1个数量级。同时,镀膜不锈钢的耐久性亦大幅提升,改性薄膜可以有效保护不锈钢基体免受腐蚀损害。     

The microstructure and mechanical properties of prolonged and lower temperature aged Fe–Ni–Mn–Mo–Ti–Cr maraging steel

In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe–Ni–Mn–Mo–Ti–Cr maraging steel at low temperature and prolonged aging condition were investigated. Optical and scanning electron microscopy examinations, tensile and hardness tests were conducted to study the microstructure, aging behavior and mechanical properties of the cold‐rolled steel. The results showed that aging of cold rolled Fe–Ni–Mn–Mo–Ti–Cr maraging steel resulted in the formation of Mo rich and Ti rich Lave phase precipitates. Existence of many dislocation cores due to cold rolling and subsequently, low temperature aging caused to formation of uniform distribution of very fine precipitates. The presence of these precipitates increased the yield and ultimate tensile strengths but couldn't improve the uniform tensile ductility. This alloy showed ultra‐high fracture stress of about 1950 MPa with a negligible tensile elongation (about 2 %) at the peak aged condition. The fractographic studies indicated this alloy shows semi‐brittle fracture in the subsequent aging treatment.     

Influence of nitriding on corrosion resistance of martensitic X17CrNi16‐2 stainless steel

Nitriding increases surface hardness and improves wear resistance of stainless steels. However, nitriding can sometimes reduce their corrosion resistance. In this paper, the influence of nitriding on the corrosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel was investigated. Plasma nitriding at 440 °C and 525 °C and salt bath nitrocarburizing were carried out on X17CrNi16‐2 stainless steel. Microhardness profiles of the obtained nitrided layers were examined. Phase composition analysis and quantitative depth profile analysis of the nitrided layers were preformed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and glow‐discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD‐OES), respectively. Corrosion behaviour was evaluated by immersion test in 1% HCl, salt spray test in 5% NaCl and electrochemical corrosion tests in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution. Results show that salt bath nitrocarburizing, as well as plasma nitriding at low temperature, increased microhardness without significantly reducing corrosion resistance. Plasma nitriding at a higher temperature increased the corrosion tendency of the X17CrNi16‐2 steel.     

Untersuchungen zur Dauerfestigkeit carbonitrierter Proben aus den Einsatzstählen 18CrNiMo7‐6und 20MnCr5

The endurance limit of carbonitrided specimens of 18CrNiMo7‐6 and 20MnCr5 case hardening steels were examined under bending conditions. Four variants were manufactured differing in heat treatment and surface conditions. Besides conventional gas carburised variants, carbonitrided specimens with a low and a raised nitrogen content of 0.2 and 0.45% at the surface as well as a carbonitrided and ground variant were examined. The specimens were tested with stress ratios R = –1 and 0. Depending on the nitrogen content cyclic loading evokes compressive residual stresses at the specimens' surfaces, caused by elastic‐plastic deformation. Specimens of the ground variant show additionally a decrease of the residual austenite content when cycled. The induced compressive residual stresses are substantially responsible for high endurance limits at both stress ratios and are the key for understanding the beneficial effect of carbonitriding in this regard.     

预精焊螺旋焊管精焊机组焊缝跟踪方式研究

两步法预精焊生产是螺旋埋弧焊管生产的一个重要发展方向,而焊缝自动跟踪是精焊机组自动控制系统的一个重要组成部分。通过对跟踪系统跟踪原理的分析与焊缝跟踪驱动方式的介绍,说明了精焊机组焊缝跟踪的实现原理。最后,介绍了一种内焊跟踪外置的跟踪方式,并对其优缺点进行了简单的分析。     

Galvalume镀层钢在青岛海域海水中的耐蚀性能

采用极化曲线测试和交流阻抗技术研究了Galvalume镀层钢在青岛海域海水中的耐蚀性能,利用电子扫描电镜对镀层表面的腐蚀产物形貌进行了分析,详细探讨了海水温度和溶解氧浓度对Galvalume镀层钢电化学腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:温度升高,破坏了保护性腐蚀产物膜在镀层表面的吸附,促进了阳极活化反应过程.低浓度的溶解氧抑制了阴极反应,镀层的耐蚀性能提高.     

利用控轧控冷技术开发热轧不锈钢复合板的实验研究

使用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究了Q345R的奥氏体连续冷却相变(CCT)行为,利用二辊可逆试验轧机进行了系列控制轧制控制冷却(TMCP)实验,开发出了不锈钢(316)/低碳钢(Q345R)复合板。较合理的工艺为:在奥氏体再结晶区进行轧制,终轧温度为1000~1050℃,总压下量为75%,轧后以0.2~7℃/s的速率冷却至450℃以下后空冷,随冷却速率的增加,Q345R钢板的显微组织从铁素体(F)+珠光体(P)向铁素体(F)+贝氏体(B)过渡,屈服强度范围330~430MPa,抗拉强度范围为535~595MPa,0℃的冲击吸收功高于50J;复合板界面结合强度大于350MPa,抗弯性能合格。     

拉-拉循环载荷下443铁素体不锈钢产热规律及疲劳性能预测

采用红外热像法研究了443铁素体不锈钢在疲劳试验过程中表面温度场的变化规律,提出了采用△T-Nf曲线预测疲劳寿命的方法.结果表明:温升极限值△T=3.18℃,即当△T＞3.18℃时,试样发生疲劳断裂,与实测温升值3.49℃相比,误差为8.89％.利用△T-Nf曲线预测443铁素体不锈钢在5×106循环次数下的疲劳强度为277.97MPa,与传统方法测得结果284.45MPa相对误差为2.28％.     

交流电对X80钢在酸性土壤环境中腐蚀行为的影响

通过电化学测试、浸泡实验和表面分析技术研究了交流电流密度(0～1000A/m2)对X80钢在鹰潭酸性土壤模拟溶液中腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:随交流电流密度的增加,X80钢的腐蚀速率逐渐增加.当交流电流密度小于100A/m-2时,其腐蚀速率缓慢增大,X80钢腐蚀电位随交流电流密度增加而快速负移;当交流电流密度大于100A/m2时,其腐蚀速率快速增加,其腐蚀电位接近.随交流电流密度的增大,X80钢的腐蚀形态由均匀腐蚀演变为点蚀,阴极极化曲线上的电流波动愈明显,阳极电流密度增大.交流电作用下X80钢生成的腐蚀产物疏松,裂纹多,对基体的保护性很差.     

空气和腐蚀环境下双相不锈钢SAF2507的疲劳性能

对超级双相不锈钢SAF2507分别在空气和3.5%NaCl溶液中进行旋转弯曲疲劳实验,研究两种介质下SAF2507不锈钢的疲劳性能。结果表明:宏观上,双相不锈钢SAF2507在3.5%NaCl腐蚀环境中的疲劳强度较空气中的下降幅度小,为空气下的90%。但微观上,空气中疲劳断口表现为韧性断裂,在铁素体和奥氏体相上呈现大量疲劳辉纹;腐蚀环境下,奥氏体为韧性断裂,而铁素体呈现解理断裂模式。两相上疲劳辉纹的宽度和间距随着晶粒位向及二次裂纹的开裂而不同。在奥氏体-铁素体双相不锈钢的疲劳断口中,不能根据疲劳辉纹的间距进行相的鉴别。