The effect of niobium ion implantation on the oxidation behavior of aγ-TiAl-based intermetallic

The effect of niobium implantation (2×10¹⁶ and 10¹⁷ ions/cm²) on the oxidation behavior of a -TiAl-based intermetallic alloy Ti–48Al–2Cr in air at 800°C has been examined. Isothermal studies with exposure times up to 200 hr and cyclic-oxidation tests up to 800 hr revealed a negligible effect for the low implantation dose. However, a remarkable decrease in oxidation rates was observed for the material implanted with 10¹⁷ Nb ions/cm². The improvement in the oxidation resistance appeared to be similar to that obtained by alloying of the intermetallic with a few atomic percent niobium. Possible mechanisms for the effect of niobium on the oxidation resistance of TiAl-base intermetallics are discussed in view of the results obtained for the implanted material.     

Initial stages of tin electrodeposition from sulfate baths in the presence of gluconate

Tin electrodeposition in its initial stages in acid sulfate/gluconate baths was studied with varying tin and gluconate concentrations using potential-controlled electrochemical techniques. The deposit morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comparison with tin electrodeposition from acid sulfate baths in the absence of gluconate was also carried out. Use of a highly acidic bath leads to nonuniform deposits, even in the presence of gluconate; at pH 4 deposits are uniform, brilliant and suitable for finishing applications. Tin crystallites have a well defined morphology which depends on bath agitation conditions. In the absence of agitation, the crystallites have the same tetragonal shape as in a sulfate bath without gluconate.     

关于生产精制元明粉的探讨

介绍了以山西运城南风自产芒硝为原料生产精制元明粉的几种工艺,以及国内外精制元明粉的市场及生产状况.精制工艺包括化学除杂法、原料优选法、重结晶法.结果表明,精制元明粉的生产过程实质是一个除杂、提纯过程：对于钙离子含量高的原料,可采用化学除杂法;对于氯离子含量高的原料,可采用氯离子富集法、冷冻法或洗涤法;镁离子较难去除,可采用水硝洗涤、冷冻法.     

离子交换树脂非均相催化乙酰化合成乙酰甲胺磷

研究了在间易搅拌釜中以阳离子交换树脂为催化剂，由甲胺磷催化乙酰化合成乙酰甲胺磷。分别考察了不同类型离子交换树脂的催化乙酰化作用。并且研究了搅拌速度，催化剂用量以及反应温度对乙酰化反应的影响。研究结果表明，以NKC9型离子交换树脂在333.15K温度下具有最好的催化乙酰化作用。     

Magneto-sensitive nickel nanowires fabricated by electrodeposition into multi- and single-ion track templates

Polycarbonate templates of (30±1) μm thickness containing cylindrical etched-track nanochannels of (500±50) nm diameter were used for electrodeposition of Ni nanowires. Using 10⁴ channels per cm², the most favourable deposition potential of  − 1.0 V was determined in a potentiostatic mode by varying the deposition potential with respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode over a range between  − 0.1 V and  − 1.5 V. The deposition efficiency at  − 1.0 V was estimated around 10%. The resulting single wires had a resistance around 200 Ω and showed an anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect of 1%, applicable to directionally sensitive magnetic field sensors.     

Guayule seedling response to nitrogen fertilizers

Slow growth and high seedling mortality limit direct seeding establishment of guayule (Parthenium argentatum G.). This study was conducted to assess seedling growth enhancement by the addition of different rates and forms of N fertilizers and Ca salts. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with cultivar 593 under both surface and subirrigated conditions using water low in salts (salinity of 0.8 dSm^–1, SAR of 5.0 and 10 mg Ca L^–1). Under surface-irrigated conditions, seedling height and fresh plant weight increased with N application to the irrigation water to 70 mg L^–1. The best seedling growth was observed when (NH₄)₂SO₄ was added in combination with CaCl₂ or CaSO₄. Progressively less growth was observed by addition of (NH₄)₂SO₄ alone, CO(NH₂)₂ plus CaSO₄, CO(NH₂)₂ alone and Ca(NO₃)₂. When seedlings were subirrigated, however, the best growth was observed with Ca(NO₃)₂. Intermediate growth was obtained with (NH₄)₂SO₄ plus CaSO₄ and lowest growth rates with (NH₄)₂SO₄ alone. These differential responses may be explained by the differences in leaching and volatile characteristics of the N forms. Growth enhancement from N and Ca additions increased with time with significant increases 45 days after seeding. Nitrogen application with Ca may be effective amendment in promoting subsequent growth of direct seeded guayule.     

废旧电池中有价金属回收利用探讨

随着中国经济的稳步发展和投资环境的不断优化,中国已成为电池的制造和消费大国,每年产生数亿只废旧电池。对废旧电池的回收利用已成为全社会关注的问题。介绍了废旧电池中有价金属的回收利用方法,着重介绍了锂离子二次电池正极材料有价金属的回收利用方法。指出,中国商品化的正极材料只有钴酸锂（LiCoO2）,这种正极材料钴含量高,且钴价值高,并且回收工艺可行,因此,从钴酸锂正极材料中回收钴等有价金属,对发展中国的循环经济具有重要意义。同时介绍了锂离子二次电池正极材料的研究现状。     

硫酸铜灭藻影响因素的试验研究

目的通过对硫酸铜灭藻影响因素的试验研究,确定出硫酸铜灭藻的最佳工况条件.方法以叶绿素a法作为检测方法,通过烧杯试验,确定处理含藻水的最佳硫酸铜投加量、接触反应时间、pH等参数.结果硫酸铜最佳投加量为1.5 mg/L;硫酸铜适宜的接触反应时间为8～12 h;pH值6.6左右时,硫酸铜藻类去除率较高,pH值＞9时,藻类去除率显著降低.结论 pH值对硫酸铜灭藻效果的影响较大;温度对硫酸铜灭藻有一定的影响;水中还原物质浓度对硫酸铜灭藻影响较小;藻类浓度不同对硫酸铜灭藻效果有一定的影响.     

快速法测定AES中未硫酸化物的含量

讨论了一种快速测量AES中未硫酸化物的方法。首先将配制好的AES-乙醇溶液，通过离子交换树脂，然后收集、蒸馏、干燥得到的液体，称重后即可得到未硫酸化物的含量，采用该方法比国家标准节约2．5～3h的分析时间。     

盐水中硫酸根的脱除技术

指出了盐水中硫酸根的危害，介绍了盐水生产中脱除硫酸根的主要技术方法。