N-十二烷基-N-甲基葡萄糖酰胺的性能研究

对自制的绿色表面活性剂N-十二烷基-N-甲基葡萄糖酰胺(MEGA-12)进行了物化性能以及初级生物降解性能的测试,结果表明其cmc为141.26 nlg/L,γcmc为27.52 mN/m;润湿力、乳化力与起泡稳泡性能均比同条件下烷基多苷(APG12/14)的表现优良;去污力与APG12/14相当;初级生物降解性在8 d内即可达到98.4%.研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与MEGA-12在水溶液中的相互作用,实验发现SDS可以使MEGA-12的Krafft点降低,并改善其溶解性和溶液稳定性,但对其表面张力及cmc影响不大.     

缩合废水COD测定中氯离子的影响及消除

根据缩合废水中氯离子含量高,对COD测定影响较大的特点,通过实验探讨高含氯对测定废水COD的影响及消除其影响的方法。以重铬酸钾法测定COD,消除氯离子的干扰,一般是采用添加HgSO4的方法。该方法操作简便,但汞盐易对环境造成二次污染。文章采用标准曲线校正法不加HgSO4,能较准确地测定高氯缩合废水中的COD。     

木屑还原浸出低品位软锰矿制备硫酸锰工艺研究

对湖北某地低品位软锰矿还原浸出工艺进行了研究,利用当地丰富的农林资源,以木屑作为还原剂,在硫酸存在下还原浸出软锰矿,通过正交实验和单因素实验对浸锰工艺条件进行了研究。结果表明,该工艺使用添加剂,可较大程度提高浸锰速率,相关的浸出影响因素优化条件为:浸锰温度为90℃,硫酸质量分数为25%,浸锰时间为1.5 h,木屑和添加剂用量分别为软锰矿投加量的20%和2%(均为质量分数)。在此条件下,锰的浸出率可达98%以上,硫酸锰纯度达98.2%。     

第十九讲——电镀的安全生产与清洁生产(一)

介绍了氯化物镀锌液中硝酸根、铬酸根等阴离子,以及油污、光亮剂分解产物、表面活性剂等有机杂质的影响和去除方法。提出了减少有机杂质积累的若干措施,如坚持添加剂少加勤加的原则,控制好溶液组分(尤其是氯化钾和硼酸)和液温、pH等工艺条件,采用增溶性好的载体,以及研发新型光亮剂。     

离子注入修饰电极在药物测定中的应用

离子注入是一成熟的材料表面改性技术,可按人们的意愿和需要,将不同的离子注入不同的基体电极表面,制成具有催化活性强、稳定性高、重现性好等特点的修饰电极。阐述了离子注入修饰电极的特点和研究意义,综述了离子注入修饰电极在抗生素测定和抗肿瘤药物测定中的应用。     

Polymer electrolytes based on a ternary miscible blend of poly(ethylene oxide), poly(bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) and poly(vinyl ethyl ether)

Ternary blends of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) (PBE) and poly(vinyl ethyl ether) (PVEE) were obtained as films and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR). From the DSC results, phase diagrams for the ternary blends were determined, where the variation of the viscoelastic phase extent as a function of the polymers composition was determined. The DSC results also indicated miscibility of the system, exhibiting only one glass transition temperature (T_g) and decrease in the crystallinity of the system, as well as decrease in the crystallinity of PEO present in the blends. Vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR) provided information on the intermolecular interactions between the pairs PBE/PEO and PBE/PVEE, via hydrogen bond interaction. From the FTIR analyses, molecular model systems of equilibrium among the interacting structures were proposed as a molecular basis for the miscibility of the system.Polymer electrolytes based on the ternary blend containing 60/25/15 (PEO/PBE/PVEE) mass percent and lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) were obtained and characterized by DSC, FTIR, optical microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Solid electrolytes containing up to 10 wt% LiClO₄ exhibited a single-phase behavior, evidenced by the DSC results. For these electrolytes, FTIR spectra indicated the formation of polymer-ion complexes, in which the cation (Li⁺) acts favoring the polymer-polymer miscibility. Electrolytes containing LiClO₄ higher than 10 wt% exhibit a multiple phase behavior, in which a PEO-rich, salt-containing phase is present in equilibrium with PBE or PVEE-rich phases. Maximum ionic conductivity at room temperature, for the electrolyte containing 20 wt% LiClO₄, reached 4.23 × 10⁻³ Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹, while all samples exhibited conductivity of approximately 10⁻¹ Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹ at 80 °C.     

烟气氧硫比对软锰矿浆烟气脱硫体系浸锰过程及脱硫产物的影响

基于烟气中氧气与二氧化硫浓度之间的关系对软锰矿浆烟气脱硫反应的影响机理分析,提出用氧硫比(氧气与二氧化硫的摩尔比)作为关联烟气含氧量与二氧化硫浓度的参数,考察了烟气氧硫比对软锰矿浆烟气脱硫体系锰浸出率及脱硫产物的影响,据此探讨了提高锰浸出率与硫酸锰产量的方法.结果表明,氧硫比是体系pH值变化的指针因子,并通过改变体系的...     

D002树脂催化法合成双-(4-N,N-二甲基氨基苯基)甲烷

以N,N-二甲基苯胺(DMA)与甲醛为原料,以大孔强酸性催化树脂D002催化合成双-(4-N,N-二甲基氨基苯基)甲烷(MBDA)。结果表明,反应时间10 h,反应温度110℃,DMA与甲醛摩尔比为2∶1.2,D002树脂用量为DMA质量的4%时,MBDA的产率为92.2%,树脂的重复使用性能良好。     

十二烷基磺酸根插层Ni~(2+)-Fe~(3+)/Co~(2+)-Ni~(2+)-Fe~(3+) LDHs及其结构研究

应用水热技术制备了二元Ni2+-Fe3+-CO23- LDHs和三元Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-CO32- LDHs,以十二烷基磺酸根离子作为插层客体,通过离子交换反应在酸性溶液中实现了十二烷基磺酸根插层Ni2+-Fe3+ LDHs和Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs。十二烷基磺酸根在Ni2+-Fe3+LDHs层间出现了2种空间导向和排列:即十二烷基磺酸根以单层垂直方向排布和以双层垂直方向排布在层间;十二烷基磺酸根在三元组分Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs层间只有一种空间排列方式,即十二烷基磺酸根以单层垂直方向排布于Co2+-Ni2+-Fe3+-LDHs层间。     

2-呋喃基-4,4,6-三甲基-1,3-二噁烷的合成

以MnSO4.H2O为催化剂,呋喃甲醛与2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇为反应物合成了题示化合物。考查了催化剂用量,反应物的物质的量及反应时间对产物产率的影响。产物的结构由FTIR,1H-NMR和13C-NMR给予确认。