基于全电子设计方案的区域计算机联锁系统

介绍了基于全电子设计方案的区域性计算机联锁控制系统的技术方案和系统构成。详细阐述了系统中主控站和被控站设备的组成、功能和特点,给出了系统详细的结构框图。系统对于降低工程造价、充分发挥计算机性能、提高运输组织效率具有重要作用。     

New Polymerized Small Molecular Acceptors with Non-Aromatic π-Conjugated Linkers for Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells

Developing new polymerized small molecular acceptor (PSMA) is pivotal for improving the performance of all-polymer solar cells. On the basis of this newly developed CH-series small molecule acceptors, two PSMAs are reported herein (namely PZC16 and PZC17, respectively). To reduce the molecular torsion caused by the traditional aromatic π-bridges, non-aromatic conjugated units (ethynyl for PZC16 and vinylene for PZC17) are adopted as the linkers and their effect on the photo-physical properties as well as the device performance are systematically investigated. Both polymer acceptors exhibit co-planar molecular conformation, along with broad absorption ranges and suitable energy levels. In comparison with the PM6:PZC16 film, the PM6:PZC17 film exhibits more uniform phase separation in morphology with a distinct bi-continuous network and better crystallinity. The PM6:PZC17-binary-based devices exhibit a satisfactory PCE of 16.33%, significantly higher than 9.22% of the PZC16-based devices. Impressively, PM6:PZC17-based large area device (ca. 1 cm²) achieves an excellent PCE of 15.14%, which is among the top performance for reported all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs).     

电池储能提高电力系统调频性能分析

针对同功率电池储能系统对火电机组调频替代能力量化不明确的问题,通过分析对比电池储能系统与火电机组调频的原理,确定储能调频在频率响应稳定性和快速性方面的优势。从调差系数出发,分析储能对高比例可再生能源调频系统的影响,确定同功率储能对火电机组在提升调频效果方面的优势。定义了储能调频替代的功率和能量指标,并提出储能提高频率最低点的替代指标。最后,根据所提出的相关定量指标,以中国东部某区域电网系统为例,分析了不同扰动场景下多时间尺度的储能的替代能力,验证了电池储能对火电机组的高替代能力。     

基于间隙度量的多模型过热汽温预测控制

针对火电机组主汽温被控对象所具有的大惯性、大迟延以及其随机组负荷变化而发生的参数时变性,为解决传统串级控制方案在机组深度调峰情况下控制品质恶化的问题,提出了一种基于间隙度量的多模型过热汽温预测控制策略。引入间隙度量理论来确定各模型输出的权值。首先选取若干个典型工况设计局部预测控制器;再运用间隙度量理论,计算各个局部预测控制器的输出权值,进而加权求出控制器的输出值。仿真研究表明,该方法可以很好地应对机组负荷变化时被控对象参数变化的问题;与使用常规的串级控制以及单模型预测控制方案相比,主汽温的动态和稳态性能得到了改善。     

基于PLC的变频节能系统在井筒冻结施工中应用的研究

针对冻结施工法装机容量大、电能消耗高以及施工过程的阶段性特点,在分析了冻结系统螺杆盐水机组不同工况下的机械特性和在各个冻结阶段电能消耗情况下,设计了一种基于PLC的变频节能系统。该系统以PLC为控制核心,通过压力传感器、液位计等对系统工况信息进行反馈,利用PID算法控制变频器的输出频率,从而达到了调节盐水泵流量、控制供冷量的目的。实验数据论证了该系统在井筒施工中应用的可行性与高效性。     

MEMS惯性测量单元的精确定标技术

在工程实际应用中,MEMS惯性测量单元的误差来源很多,噪声波动范围很大,温度特性和非线性严重;通过高低温实验,首先,分析系统的误差,建立系统的误差模型,在-30℃~+60℃范围内,进行全温度补偿;然后,分析噪声,根据实际要求,设计数字低通滤波器,对补偿后的数据进行滤波;结果显示,在满足工程实时性与动态特性要求的前提下,陀螺仪的零位补偿精度可以达到±0.03°以内,噪声波动范围可以控制在0.05°以内,加速度计的零位补偿精度达到±0.001g,满足工程实际要求,具有实用性!     

Facial expression recognition system based on rigid and non-rigid motion separation and 3D pose estimation

This study presents a facial expression recognition system which separates the non-rigid facial expression from the rigid head rotation and estimates the 3D rigid head rotation angle in real time. The extracted trajectories of the feature points contain both rigid head motion components and non-rigid facial expression motion components. A 3D virtual face model is used to obtain accurate estimation of the head rotation angle such that the non-rigid motion components can be precisely separated to enhance the facial expression recognition performance. The separation performance of the proposed system is further improved through the use of a restoration mechanism designed to recover feature points lost during large pan rotations. Having separated the rigid and non-rigid motions, hidden Markov models (HMMs) are employed to recognize a prescribed set of facial expressions defined in terms of facial action coding system (FACS) action units (AUs).     

Accelerating geoscience and engineering system simulations on graphics hardware

Many complex natural systems studied in the geosciences are characterized by simple local-scale interactions that result in complex emergent behavior. Simulations of these systems, often implemented in parallel using standard central processing unit (CPU) clusters, may be better suited to parallel processing environments with large numbers of simple processors. Such an environment is found in graphics processing units (GPUs) on graphics cards.This paper discusses GPU implementations of three example applications from computational fluid dynamics, seismic wave propagation, and rock magnetism. These candidate applications involve important numerical modeling techniques, widely employed in physical system simulations, that are themselves examples of distinct computing classes identified as fundamental to scientific and engineering computing. The presented numerical methods (and respective computing classes they belong to) are: (1) a lattice-Boltzmann code for geofluid dynamics (structured grid class); (2) a spectral-finite-element code for seismic wave propagation simulations (sparse linear algebra class); and (3) a least-squares minimization code for interpreting magnetic force microscopy data (dense linear algebra class). Significant performance increases (between 10× and 30× in most cases) are seen in all three applications, demonstrating the power of GPU implementations for these types of simulations and, more generally, their associated computing classes.     

贯流式机组主轴密封水流量中断原因分析及处理

随着低水头径流式水电站的开发,灯泡贯流式机组凭借其投资低、安装工期短、检修方便等优势越来越被广泛应用。广西长洲水利枢纽贯流式水轮机主轴密封水流量中断成为了机组停机的主要原因。对事故的原因进行了分析,并从设计、制造和运行方面,对防止主轴密封水流量中断提出了几种防范措施,解决了主轴密封水流量中断造成机组停机的问题。     

Toward large-scale Hybrid Monte Carlo simulations of the Hubbard model on graphics processing units

One of the most efficient non-perturbative methods for the calculation of thermal properties of quantum systems is the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm, as evidenced by its use in large-scale lattice quantum chromodynamics calculations. The performance of this algorithm is determined by the speed at which the fermion operator is applied to a given vector, as it is the central operation in the preconditioned conjugate gradient iteration. We study a simple implementation of these operations for the fermion matrix of the Hubbard model in d+1 spacetime dimensions, and report a performance comparison between a 2.66 GHz Intel Xeon E5430 CPU and an NVIDIA Tesla C1060 GPU using double-precision arithmetic. We find speedup factors ranging between 30 and 350 for d=1, and in excess of 40 for d=3. We argue that such speedups are of considerable impact for large-scale simulational studies of quantum many-body systems.