新时期历史城区整体性保护的探索——以宁波为例

历史文化名城制度从酝酿、建立到不断完善,其过程反映出中国历史城市保护理念和策略变迁,其中每一项制度的制定,都可以视为针对历史城市保护的现实问题而进行的积极调整,具有时代性和动态性.以历史文化名城整体保护理念发展为线索,立足新时期历史城市保护的问题与困境,提出名城保护从古城全部到结构关联、从风貌连续到历史可读的整体性空间认识和理念的转变.并以宁波府城为例,以关联性和可读性为基础,对宁波历史城区进行整体性评估和整合,并面向城区发展的动态性提出整体保护策略,试图为新时期我国历史城区保护建设提供借鉴.     

“人居三”对城市规划学科的未来发展指向

基于对三届人居世界大会的主题及其历史文件的系统分析,梳理了“人居一”和“人居二”所面临的人类居住环境的历史挑战和关注的热点议题的变迁,经过对“人居三”主题的分析和提炼,发掘人居世界大会思想发展的脉络,通过比较五个历史性文件的文脉及创新点,揭示了规划在世界人居讨论议题中的地位的起落,指出了人居三对城市规划学科未来发展的关键指向.     

国外城市空间公共性评价研究及其对中国的借鉴和启示

随着“新自由主义”的兴起,西方国家私人投资者正越来越多地参与到城市公共空间的建设开发和日常管理维护中.这一趋势导致了西方城市公共空间的私有化和商品化.为探讨私有化和商品化现象所带来的影响,西方学者在近20年间展开了一系列对城市空间公共性程度进行测度和评价的理论研究及实践.归纳了国外相关研究的当前进展和总体特征,介绍了四类国外城市空间公共性评价方法,并讨论了国外研究的发展趋势.在此基础上,提出了国外评价方法对我国研究的借鉴意义,并对我国城市空间公共性评价研究的未来发展方向进行了展望.     

城市群空间集聚和扩散的特征与机制——以长三角城市群、武汉城市群和成渝城市群为例

城市群在国家和地区发展中具有重要的经济社会地位,也是区域空间格局演变的重要形式。本文以分别位于我国东、中、西部的长三角城市群、武汉城市群地区和成渝城市群为分析对象,从中心-外围的圈层关系视角,运用数量统计分析和空间分析方法考察城市群空间集聚与扩散的阶段特征和一般规律。研究发现:城市群地区的要素集聚呈现出明显的中心指向和交通指向,外向扩散表现出沿"核心都市区中心市-核心都市区外围县-城市群次圈层-城市群外围地区"的空间梯度扩散规律,且人口扩散滞后于经济扩散。进一步考察了初始规模、投资强度、经济发展、通达性以及市场分割对沿海和内陆城市密集地区空间聚散的不同影响作用,以期揭示和解释这类地区的空间格局演变规律,并为城市群的跨区域协调发展和空间规划提供认识依据。     

基于存量环境更新的山水城市总体城市设计——开县案例

指出在经历多年高速城市化之后,中国城市进入快速发展与结构性调整并行的阶段,城市从以"增量扩张"为主转变为以"存量更新"为主,城市设计的主要任务从描绘"宏大蓝图"转向更新存量环境。继而以开县实践为案例,探讨了在总体城市设计层面对山水城市总体空间环境进行优化提升的策略与方法,归纳了在存量更新阶段总体城市设计的工作范围与对象、工作方法、实施路径等,以期为新时期城市设计实践提供价值观与方法论的参考。     

Claiming participation – a comparative analysis of DIY urbanism in Denmark

The article discuss the conflicts, potentials and possible alliances of do-it-yourself (DIY) urbanism when it takes the form of spontaneous place appropriations, when it is performed as participatory urban design and when it is integrated strategically in planning. DIY urbanism and experimentation with participation are currently strong influential factors in Danish planning. The article explores the use of participatory DIY urban design in two cases: the relocation of beer drinkers in Enghave Square and the Carlsberg City development in Copenhagen, Denmark. Carlsberg City is the most thorough Danish example of how DIY urban design is employed as an investment and planning tool. It discusses the implications of DIY urbanism in terms of how it can be understood in the context of the struggles over ‘the right to the city’, how it applies different activist tactics for the appropriation of space, and how it is integrated in planning and the development logic.     

Place-making or place-masking? The everyday political economy of “making place”

As redevelopment and gentrification strategies globally continue to be aimed at attracting wealthier residents and consumers in an effort to drive economic growth, concerns for and interventions in the interests of social equity appear decreasingly relevant. Government, private sector and community organisations have of course worked together in different times and places to implement programs that are more rather than less inclusive – the variations always depending on the spatial politics of the context. This paper examines contemporary discourses and practices of place-making in Melbourne, and asks whether ways of thinking about urban redevelopment as place-making in this time and place are likely to enable the inclusion of social equity in these urban “improvements”.     

A combined methodology for the hydraulic rehabilitation of urban drainage networks

During medium and high intensity storm events, urban drainage networks can rapidly reach their maximum capacity, and subsequently floods can occur. Owing to the non-linearity of the processes involved, it is evident that the return period of a rainfall is different from the return period of the generated overflows. Therefore, the assessment of the maximum overflow volume related to a given return period is a key element in the management of urban drainage networks, since it may cause problems to infrastructure and economic losses. In this paper, a combined methodology for the hydraulic rehabilitation of such networks is proposed, by expressing their hydraulic critical conditions in terms of overflow volumes rather than rainfall volumes and considering both observed rainfall data and synthetic hyetographs derived from statistical analysis. The first application of the proposed methodology to the sewer network of the Mesola Municipality is presented and commented on.