6061铝合金板材锯齿形屈服行为的研究

对6061铝合金板材锯齿形屈服行为中应力跌幅、跌落时间等多个特征物理量随应变率的变化规律进行了系统的研究,探讨了锯齿形行为对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,应力跌幅个数,跌落时间及其个数,再加载时间及其个数均随着应变率的增大而逐渐减少;当应变率为1．4×10^-3s^-1时,6061铝合金板材的锯齿形屈服行为最弱,板材的力学性能最好。     

发展油料能源树种与开发生物柴油前景分析

种植油料能源树种,开发生物柴油对加快中国荒山绿化、保护环境、为农民增收和替代部分化石燃料具有十分重要的战略意义。全国现有油料能源树种资源约300万ha.,年可收获果实90多万t,能加工生物柴油30万t。还有5400万ha.宜林荒山荒沙地和1亿ha.边缘性难利用土地可以种植3600万ha.油料能源树种,建设“绿色油田”和开发生物柴油,其潜力巨大。     

常减压蒸馏装置运行中存在的问题及对策

对常减压蒸馏装置生产运行过程中存在的综合能耗偏高、原油分馏精度和减压拔出率低、电脱盐装置运行工况不理想及装置腐蚀等问题进行了具体分析,并提出了应对措施。     

油井出砂高频振动信号采集监测系统

油井在生产过程中适度出砂开采可以降低成本、提高开发效率和油井产能。通过室内模拟油井出砂环境实验,研发了一套对油井出砂产生的高频振动信号进行实时监测的系统。该系统通过对不同粒径的砂粒撞击管壁产生的高频振动信号进行时频分析,确定了砂粒撞击管壁产生的振动信号所在的频率段为10 000～20 000 Hz,得到了油井出砂状态下砂粒的振动特征频率,进而获得了不同出砂量与信号时域幅值和自功率谱幅值的关系曲线,实现了对油井出砂量的实时检测,验证了高频振动信号监测油井出砂的可行性。     

小湾高拱坝坝基浅层松弛区超载屈服研究

通过对小湾高拱坝坝基浅层松弛区的弹塑性分析,采用数值计算方法,揭示超载过程中坝基屈服发展规律,并采用坝基整体超载安全系数等方法评价大坝局部安全性、整体安全性以及两者之间的关系。通过分析认为小湾坝基浅层松弛区发生屈服尚属于局部问题,坝基整体超载安全度仍可达3~3.5。     

Theoretical and experimental study of the thermal strength of anticorrosive lined steel pipes

Bimetallic lined steel pipe （LSP） is a new anti-corrosion technology. It is widely used to transport oil, gas, water and corrosive liquid chemicals. At present, the hydroforming pressure for LSP has been investigated theoretically and experimentally by most researchers. However, there are a few reports on the thermal strength of bimetallic LSP. Actually, the bimetallic LSP will be subjected to remarkable thermal load in the process of three layer polyethylene （3PE） external coating. Reverse yielding failure may occur on the inner pipe of the bimetallic LSP when it suffers from remarkable thermal load and residual contact pressure simultaneously. The aim of this paper is to study the thermal load and strength of the bimetallic LSP. A mechanical model, which can estimate the thermal strength of the bimetallic LSP, was established based on the elastic theory and the manufacture of the bimetallic LSP. Based on the model, the correlation between the thermal strength of the bimetallic LSP and residual contact pressure and wall thickness of the inner pipe was obtained. Reverse yielding experiments were performed on the LSP （NT80SS-316L） under different thermal loads. Experiment results are consistent with calculated results from the theoretical model. The experimental and simulation results may provide powerful guidance for the bimetallic LSP production and use.     

The effect of doubly tapered strut morphology on the plastic yield surface of cellular materials

Although the literature on the mechanics of cellular materials is vast, there is no theoretical model to account for the effects of axial yielding of struts aligned to the applied loading direction on the plastic yield surface under multiaxial loading conditions. An anisotropic hexagonal model having tapered strut morphology is developed to show these effects on the plastic yield surface under multiaxial tensile loading condition. This model covers several types of cellular structure such as two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal and square cellular materials, and three-dimensional (3D) hexagonal and rhombic cellular materials of rod-like columnar structure. A tetrahedral element with tapered strut morphology is also used for a foam model to illustrate these effects on the yield surface under axisymmetric loading condition. Plastic collapse due to bending moment in the inclined struts is a dominant mode. However, under multiaxial tensile loading, the collapse due to axial yielding of struts parallel to the loading direction is found to be an important mode. The shape of plastic yield surface was found to depend not only on relative density but also on the strut morphology.     

考虑应力路径影响的垃圾土应力-应变特性

填埋场内垃圾土体存在多种应力状态(如压缩、拉伸、加载和卸载等),常规三轴试验和直剪试验难以全面进行模拟。为此,利用GDS三轴仪针对垃圾土重塑样开展9种不同应力路径下的三轴试验,深入研究分析应力路径对垃圾土应力-应变特性和屈服特性的影响,提出描述垃圾土应力-应变关系统一的数学模型,并得到p-q应力空间上垃圾土的屈服轨迹。通过与砂土进行比较,揭示应力路径对垃圾土中纤维材料加筋作用的影响规律。结果表明：对于σ₃≥0的压缩路径,垃圾土的应力关系曲线上翘,没有任何出现峰值或趋于渐近值的迹象,纤维材料起到的加筋作用最显著;对于σ₃<0的压缩路径,垃圾土的偏应力随轴向应变增加而增大,并逐渐趋于某定值,纤维材料起到的加筋作用较弱;对于Δq<0的伸长路径,垃圾土与砂土的应力-应变关系曲线近乎一致,纤维材料几乎不产生加筋作用。垃圾土中纤维材料的加筋作用与应力路径密切相关,研究成果为全面深入理解垃圾土的力学特性提供了依据。     

基于环向应力岩爆判据的不同级别岩爆区分布的数值模拟研究

为了避免莫尔-库仑和虎克-布朗屈服准则各自的缺陷,采用C＋＋语言对FLAC进行了二次开发,将它们复合在一起,提出了一种弹-脆-塑性的本构模型。采用徐林生及Russense判据（环向应力与单轴抗压强度之比）作为岩爆判据,研究了在不同围压条件下,圆形洞室开挖之后围岩再次平衡时已发生的各种级别岩爆区的分布规律,对严重、中等及...     

三边约束钢板的抗剪承载力

利用静力加载方法对4种宽厚比的三边约束钢板单元进行了试验研究,通过试验考察了三边约束钢板的破坏形态和抗剪极限承载力,分析了宽厚比对钢板抗侧性能的影响,试验结果表明：小宽厚比钢板的抗屈曲能力较强,但是对边界约束条件要求较高,易造成边界连接破坏。根据钢板破坏形态,对其抗侧性能进行了理论分析,建立了三边约束钢板的抗侧性能计算模型,给出了三边约束钢板极限抗剪承载力计算公式。文章最后对三边约束钢板的选择和设计提出了建议。