复杂边界支承的钢筋混凝土板的试验研究

对复杂边界支承条件下的钢筋混凝土矩形板进行了试验 ,重点研究不同支承条件以及不同板内配筋对板的性能的影响 ,对板的屈服线模式、板的强度及变形等方面作了分析     

等延性屈服点谱YPS

采用反向加载时刚度退化的修正克拉夫(Modified-Clough,MC)滞回模型,计算单自由度体系(SDOF)在4类场地下共370条地震波输入后的弹塑性动力时程响应.利用屈服位移在结构设计过程中的稳定性,提出了可描述屈服位移和屈服强度系数之间关系,且辐线周期用地震波特征周期标准化的屈服点谱YPS(Yielding Point Spectra).以屈服位移作为基本设计参数的YPS谱是一种等延性反应谱,其不但可以直接用于抗震结构的弹塑性设计,还可以用于验算结构在地震作用下的最大弹塑性位移反应.     

Ultimate strength of continuous composite box-girder bridges with precast decks

In order to apply precast decks to continuous composite bridges, several experiments and analytical studies were performed. From many previous studies, design criteria for crack controls in transverse joints of prefabricated slabs were confirmed. These considerations were needed for serviceability. The bridges which satisfy service limit states, also, should be evaluated for ultimate strengths to define limit states. In this paper, experimental and analytical studies of two-span continuous composite bridges with open box girder section were conducted. Cracking, yielding and ultimate loads were evaluated and compared with the test results for design of continuous composite bridges with precast decks. To evaluate yielding loads of continuous bridges, an uncracked section method considering moment redistribution which is defined in EUROCODE 4, was considered. In calculation of ultimate strengths, full or partial shear connection and sectional classes which were defined in EUROCODE or AASHTO LRFD specifications were considered. Also, through numerical analysis considering material nonlinearities, moment-curvature relationship and moment redistributions were estimated.     

Edge-Cracks in Single Crystals Under Monotonic and Cyclic Loads

Basic solutions are obtained for edge-cracks lying along the primary slip plane in a single crystal. The study is motivated by Stage I fatigue crack growth wherein crack orientation is controlled by the slip direction and continued growth is dependent on the crack overcoming barriers to slip. Plasticity is assumed to occur as slip along planes inclined at 45^ to the surface. Problems where slip is limited to persistent slip bands are considered side-by-side with the problem where slip is not confined. Results for both monotonic and cyclic loadings are presented, with emphasis on the crack tip opening and sliding displacements. Both small and large scale yielding are considered. Preliminary results are given for interaction with barriers to slip, such as a grain boundary. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Comparison of irreversible deformation and yielding in microlayers of polycarbonate with poly(methylmethacrylate) and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile)

Microlayers of polycarbonate (PC) with poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) or poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (SAN) were processed with varying layer thicknesses. Adhesion between PC and PMMA was found to be an order of magnitude higher than between PC and SAN, as determined with the T‐peel method. To probe the effect of the adhesion difference on yielding and deformation of PC/PMMA and PC/SAN microlayers, the macroscopic stress–strain behavior was examined as a function of layer thickness and strain rate, and the results were interpreted in terms of the microdeformation behavior. During yielding, crazes in thick SAN layers opened up into cracks; however, PC layers drew easily because local delamination relieved constraint at the PC/SAN interface. Adhesion of PC/PMMA was too strong for delamination at the interface when PMMA crazes opened up into cracks at low strain rates. Instead, PMMA cracks tore into neighboring PC layers and initiated fracture. At higher strain rates, good adhesion produced yielding of thick PMMA layers, a phenomenon not observed with thick SAN layers. The change in microdeformation mechanism of PMMA with increasing strain rate produced a transition in the yield stress of PC/PMMA microlayers. Microlayers of both PC/SAN and PC/PMMA with thinner layers (individual layers 0.3–0.6 μm thick) exhibited improved ballistic performance compared to microlayers with thicker layers (individual layers 10–20 μm thick), which was due to cooperative yielding of both components. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1545–1557, 2000     

Tensile test of poly(vinyl chloride) filled with ground calcium carbonate particles

The fracture behavior of poly(vinyl chloride) filled with ground calcium carbonate particles during a tensile test was studied. The particles were prepared by crushing natural raw crystalline limestone. For this purpose, 10–50 parts of the particles having two different mean sizes (2 and 8 μm) without further surface treatment were mixed with 100 parts of poly(vinyl chloride) and 3 parts of lead stearate as a stabilizer using a mixing roll. A tensile test was carried out using a dumbbell specimen. As a result, the yield stress decreased with increase in the particle content; however, there was no significant influence of particle size. From scanning electron microscopic observations of the specimen's surfaces during the tensile test, it was found that the particle/matrix interfaces were delaminated and formed voids around the particles when the applied stress approached the yield stress, that is, the particles acted as voids and the matrix around the voids was plastically deformed effectively. These observations appear to be the reason for the decrease of yield stress by the incorporation of the particles. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 311–316, 1998     

考虑应力路径影响的垃圾土应力-应变特性

填埋场内垃圾土体存在多种应力状态(如压缩、拉伸、加载和卸载等),常规三轴试验和直剪试验难以全面进行模拟。为此,利用GDS三轴仪针对垃圾土重塑样开展9种不同应力路径下的三轴试验,深入研究分析应力路径对垃圾土应力-应变特性和屈服特性的影响,提出描述垃圾土应力-应变关系统一的数学模型,并得到p-q应力空间上垃圾土的屈服轨迹。通过与砂土进行比较,揭示应力路径对垃圾土中纤维材料加筋作用的影响规律。结果表明：对于σ₃≥0的压缩路径,垃圾土的应力关系曲线上翘,没有任何出现峰值或趋于渐近值的迹象,纤维材料起到的加筋作用最显著;对于σ₃<0的压缩路径,垃圾土的偏应力随轴向应变增加而增大,并逐渐趋于某定值,纤维材料起到的加筋作用较弱;对于Δq<0的伸长路径,垃圾土与砂土的应力-应变关系曲线近乎一致,纤维材料几乎不产生加筋作用。垃圾土中纤维材料的加筋作用与应力路径密切相关,研究成果为全面深入理解垃圾土的力学特性提供了依据。     

6061铝合金板材锯齿形屈服行为的研究

对6061铝合金板材锯齿形屈服行为中应力跌幅、跌落时间等多个特征物理量随应变率的变化规律进行了系统的研究,探讨了锯齿形行为对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,应力跌幅个数,跌落时间及其个数,再加载时间及其个数均随着应变率的增大而逐渐减少;当应变率为1.4×10-3s-1时,6061铝合金板材的锯齿形屈服行为最弱,板材的力学性能最好。     

6061铝合金板材锯齿形屈服行为的研究

对6061铝合金板材锯齿形屈服行为中应力跌幅、跌落时间等多个特征物理量随应变率的变化规律进行了系统的研究,探讨了锯齿形行为对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,应力跌幅个数,跌落时间及其个数,再加载时间及其个数均随着应变率的增大而逐渐减少;当应变率为1．4×10^-3s^-1时,6061铝合金板材的锯齿形屈服行为最弱,板材的力学性能最好。     

80 MeV/u C-12离子诱变选育PHB高产菌株

用80MeV/u12C6+离子对一株积累聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的芽孢杆菌(BacillusP-9)进行诱变选育,最终获得PHB高产株菌G15,其PHB产量达2.93g/L,与出发菌株相比较,PHB积累量提高了1.5倍。研究结果表明,本试验辐照最佳剂量为15Gy。重离子辐照诱变育种效果显著,具有广阔的发展应用前景。