“ГОИ”全俄科学中心光学镀膜工作概况

在“С．И．瓦维洛夫国家光学研究所(ГОИ)”光学镀层工作是30年代在И．В．Гребевшиков院士领导下开始的。到目前为止形成一个高度熟练的专家集体。它完成同光学镀膜工艺有关的一整套的工作。在镀制中采用所有现代的光学镀层的真空方法：电阻法和在高真空中的电子束蒸发法，阴极法，离子等离子体法，磁溅射法。镀层工艺中成功地采用离子加工方法，其中包括基板的离子净化，离子辅助(ассистрование)，离子涂抹(платирование)。     

电泳后冲洗系统

大陆东风汽车公司专用设备厂研究所主任工程师商瑞森先生系研究员级高工、机械工业部科技专家，具有二十多年涂装设备设计的丰富经验，特别是对阴极或阳极电泳研究颇深。本刊连载商先生的文章，旨在对涂装设备设计人员，涂装现埸的工艺管理人员以及现埸操作人员有所启迪。     

提高阴极炭块的抗热震性能

本文阐述了阴极炭块(简称炭块)抗热震性能概念及其表达式；炭块抗热震性能的重要性即炭块抗热震性能与铝电解槽寿命(简称槽寿命)的关系，提高阴极炭块的抗热震性能会提高或延长槽寿命；提高阴极炭块的石墨含量可提高阴极炭块抗热震性能。     

热等静压压制的低温控制阴极

研究人员运用热等静压技术压制出一种新型的低温控制阴极。尽管迄今为止，尚未研制出烧结态阴极．但这种热等静压压制的阴极却具有氧化物阴极和分配器阴极的优点。其制备方法是：将Ni粉和Ba-Sr-Ca碳酸盐(发射体)粉料经混合、压制，随后于玻壳中真空密封．最后在1373 K和130 MPa条件下进行热等静压处理。在阴极射线管内．碳酸盐发射体受热转化成氧化物。     

Performance of positive and negative electrodes in amorphous manganese oxide supercapacitor

Using potassium permanganate and acetic manganese as the reactants, amorphous manganese oxide was prepared with mechanochemical method. XRD was used for microstructure characterization, while cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge were used for electrochemical performance testing. The positive electrode （PE） and negative electrode （NE） were investigated respectively in amorphous manganese oxide supercapacitor, aiming to find their different performances in charging-discharging. The results show that the crystalline structure is destroyed in both the PE and NE material during charge-discharge process. Thereinto, the NE suffers a bit more seriously. When cycling, the PE potential scope diminishes while the NE potential scope enlarges. The increased inner resistance makes the NE curves almost bended to be a right angle, but not the PE curves. The cell＇s equivalent series resistance （ESR） is more dependent on the NE, and the capacitance is mainly determined by the rapid descent of the NE potential range. The capacitances of the NE are highly rate-dependent, decreasing from 121.3 to 53.1 F/g, by 56.2%, over the range of 5-25 mV/s. However, the PE appears to be weakly dependent and its capacitance is only dropped by 22.1%.