An accumulation damage model for fatigue fracture of ferroelectric ceramics

The accumulated plastic displacement criterion for crack propagation in traditional materials is extended to develop equations to predict the fatigue crack growth of ferroelectric ceramics subjected to combined electromechanical loads. The crack-line is perpendicular to the poling direction of the medium. An electric saturation zone and a stress saturation zone are assumed to develop at the crack tips when the medium is subjected to external electromechanical loads. This assumption makes it possible to obtain the accumulated plastic deformation in closed form. A fatigue crack growth law, which is a fourth-power function of the effective stress intensity factor, similar to the well-known Paris law, is derived. Graphical results for the effect of electric load on the effective crack tip stress intensity factor and crack growth rate are provided.     

On a matrix cracking model using Coulomb’s friction law

A matrix cracking model is developed based upon Coulomb friction law instead of a constant frictional shear stress usually assumed in the matrix cracking analyses. A Lamé formulation incorporated with Coulomb friction law is adopted to solve the elastic states of fiber/matrix stress-transfer through a frictionally constrained interface in the slipping region and a modified shear lag model is applied to evaluate the elastic responses in the intact region. By using an energy balance approach, the critical stress for propagating a semi-infinite fiber-bridged crack in a unidirectional fiber reinforced composite is formulated in terms of the frictional coefficient rather than the frictional shear stress usually equated in the matrix cracking stress formulations. The critical stress for matrix cracking and the corresponding stress distributions calculated by the present Coulomb friction model will be compared with those predicted by the constant frictional shear stress models. The effect of Poisson contraction caused by stress redistribution between the fiber and matrix on the matrix cracking mechanics will be shown and discussed in the present analysis.     

基于CMOS影像传感器的血氧饱和度监测系统

介绍了脉搏血样饱和度检测的理论基础与重要的临床应用价值。提出了一种基于CMOS影像传感器的脉搏血氧饱和度监测系统,用CMOS传感器阵列取代了传统血氧仪中的光敏探测,实现了血氧饱和度及脉搏波的无接触测量。阐述了其在组织发育、伤口诊断、病变的提前预测等场合的潜在应用价值。实验结果表明,由于摄像头不能够有效屏蔽外界光源噪声的干扰,所设计样机较传统的血氧仪测得的饱和度值偏低,误差偏大,从而进一步提出减小误差提高精度的方案构想。     

论法律原则的适用

法律原则的适用必须经过被法解释学上称为"价值补充"或"法律原则的具体化"的中介工作,法律原则的适用同时也是一个利益衡量的过程。我国现阶段提出的"法律效果与社会效果相统一"的司法原则与法解释学中的利益衡量理论有着实质的相通性。正确认识法律原则在司法中的功能、意义,对法官利用法律原则的实践性机理,主动弥补成文法的缺失,能起到事半功倍的效果。     

函数S-粗集与开环控制系统扰动识别

利用函数单向S-粗集对偶,结合系统规律生成,提出了开环控制系统的扰动识别准则,并给出了开环控制系统扰动识别的结构图和具体实现过程.最后通过一个实例表明该方法有效.     

Bond Strength Degradation of Corrosive Reinforced Lightweight Concrete

The influence of reinforced bar corrosion on the bond degradation in lightweight concrete was studied. Accelerated constant current corrosion tests were performed on lightweight reinforced concrete samples, and the influential factors, such as protective layer thickness, reinforced bar diameter and corrosive level were investigated. The constant current step method was used to measure the electric resistance of the concrete protective cover, which was used to characterize the corrosion level of the rebar. Experimental results indicated that the corrosive resistance increased with increasing the cover dimension and decreasing the reinforced bar diameter, and the rate of decrease in the specimen impedance after cracking depended on the cover dimension. A new medium was offered for the further research on the performance degradation of corrosion lightweight concrete.     

Calculating models of mass action concentrations for NaBr（aq）, LiNO3（aq）, HNO3（aq）, and KF（aq） binary solutions

The calculating models of mass action concentrations for electrolyte aqueous solutions NaBr-H2O, LiNO3-H2O, HNO3-H2O, and KF-H2O have been developed at 298.15 K and their molalities ranging from 0.1 mol/kg to saturation according to the ion and molecule coexistence theory as well as mass action law. The calculated mass action concentration is based on pure species as the standard state and the mole fraction as the concentration unit, and the reported activities are usually based on infinite dilution as the standard state and molality as the concentration unit. Hence, the calculated mass action concentration must be transformed to the same standard state and concentration unit. The transformation coefficients between calculated mass action concentrations and reported ac- tivities of the same component fluctuate in a very narrow range. Thus, the transformed mass action concentrations not only agree well with reported activities, but also strictly obey mass action law. The calculated results show that the new developed models can embody the intrinsic structure of investigated four electrolyte aqueous solutions. The results also indicate that mass action law has its wide- spread applicability to electrolyte binary aqueous solutions.     

论法律信仰的重塑

传统的法律信仰的缺失,现代法律信仰的难以形成,我国法治正面临着法律信仰的危机。“法律必须被信仰,否则它将形同虚设”。公众对法律的信仰是中国法治化进程的内在驱动力。因此,透过我国公民的法治信仰现实,分析法律信仰危机产生的原因以找到重塑法律信仰的途径已经成为中国法治的当务之急。     

曲面细分方法及其应用

细分曲面造型技术是一种基于样条可细化性质基础上的以网格细分为特征的离散造型方法,具有表示的任意拓扑性,光滑保证性,计算简单性等传统方法难以比拟的优点。本文介绍了常用几种细分方法的细分规则及其应用。如Loop细分法、蝴蝶改进法、Cat-mull Clark法和Doo-Sabin法。     

复合防护结构的动力响应及破坏规律研究

采用中间含吸能层的复合防护结构，其抗爆防护能力可大幅度提高，但目前对该种复合结构在爆炸作用下动力响应及破坏规律的研究较少。利用ANSYS／LS—DYNA对复合防护结构在爆炸载荷作用下的动力响应和破坏规律进行了数值计算．结果表明：外拱结构的破坏基本上属于冲切破坏，而内拱结构基本上属于拱的压弯破坏；复合结构的破坏是以牺牲外拱和泡沫混凝土为代价来保护整体防护结构；与常规防护结构相比，复合防护结构的抗爆能力明显加强．