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31.
32.
Hauke Harms Hans-Peter Volkland Andreas Hiltpolt Alexander J.B Zehnder 《Corrosion Science》2003,45(8):1717-1732
To study the effect of strong iron-ligands on steel corrosion, mild steel electrodes were immersed in solutions containing 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH=7.2) and between 0.01 mM and 1 M of either the iron(II)-chelators 2,2′-bipyridine or FerroZine, or the iron(III)-chelators citrate or acetylacetonate. Resulting surface reactions were investigated by quantifying the electrochemical potential (E), the electrochemical polarization resistance (Rp), the corrosion current (Icorr) and the release of iron into solution. The surface was further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM/SEM-EDAX) and atomic force microscopy. Concentrations of 0.1 mM of any of the chelators led to slight, temporary changes in E, Icorr and Rp. Concentrations of 10 mM resulted in characteristic changes of E, which were the same for all chelators and in the precipitation of FePO4 in the case of citrate and acetylacetonate, or vivianite [Fe3(PO4)2 · 8H2O] in the case of bipyridine and FerroZine. Concentrations of 1 mM of both iron(III)-chelators led to a temporary drop of E similar to that found with 0.1 mM chelator. With iron(II)-chelators, E dropped to about −500 mV before oscillating for several days. The amplitudes of the oscillations were up to 200 mV with periods of 30 and 20-25 min for bipyridine and FerroZine, respectively. 相似文献
33.
添加剂及硫元素对ZL108合金中铁相形态的影响 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
在含铁为12%的ZL108合金中,加入5%的以锰、铬、稀土为基本成分的添加剂时,合金中针状、片状的铁相变为团球状、块状及梅花状。单独加硫时,铁相呈短杆状。先加入3%的添加剂再加硫,则铁相变为非常细小的团球状、块状,根据GB3508-83的规定,铁相形态可达一级 相似文献
34.
超细铁粉和氧化铁颗粒的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
用透射电镜和图像分析仪等研究了超细铁粉和γ-Fe_2O_3粉末的结构、形貌、粒子的平均尺寸以及粒度分布。研究结果表明,多数超细铁粉粒子近似呈球形,并且,铁粉粒子由两相组成,粒子的核心部分是金屑a-Fe,表面的包裹层为氧化物层,它由Fe_3O_4和7-Fe_O_3的混合物组成。氧化层的平均厚度大约占整个粒子直径的20%左右。羰基铁粉粒子(含氧化层)的平均直径为16nm。直径在4~24nm范围的粒子数占总粒子数的91%,而7-Fe_2O_3粉末既有雪茄状粒子,也有小球状粒子。分析表明,球状粒子的平均直径为113nm,雪茄状粒子的平均直径(按<长 宽>/2计算)为148nm。由于超细铁粉粒子很细,且有磁性,制备电镜试样时分散比较困难。本文比较了几种分散方法后,使用了一种较好的分散方法——超声喷管分散法。 相似文献
35.
Nitrogen addition to iron powder by mechanical alloying 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nitrogen was alloyed into iron (a) by mechanical processing in a nitrogen gas environment, and (b) by mechanically alloying with iron-nitride powders to characterize resulting nano-structure and nitrogen distribution. Although the infused nitrogen concentration was significantly greater than the thermodynamic equilibrium solubility of iron, no nitrides formed, even for nitrogen concentrations as high as 4.1 wt.% However, a bctFe phase did form. Lattice expansion calculations indicate that the sum of the interstitial bcc-Fe and bctFe nitrogen concentrations was significantly less than the total measured nitrogen concentration. A considerable portion of the mechanically infused nitrogen was determined to be associated with nanograin boundaries. 相似文献
36.
Iron pyrite films prepared by sulfur vapor transport 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Iron films deposited via thermal evaporation, with a thickness between 100 and 250 nm, were converted into FeS2 by open sulfur transport using nitrogen as a gas vector. The films thus obtained constituted a single pyrite phase and were optically highly absorbing. The sulfurization process was optimized. As a result, sample temperature and conversion time were found to be the major determining parameters. The films were characterized using several methods. The crystallinity and phase identification were determined by X-ray diffractometry. Scanning electron microscopy showed a homogeneous surface of both iron and pyrite layers. Optical transmission measurements confirmed the highly absorbing character of FeS2 and allowed the determination of direct (1.35 eV) and indirect (0.82 eV) transitions. 相似文献
37.
Andreas Ruh 《Corrosion Science》2006,48(3):679-695
Thermogravimetric (TG) experiments have been carried out to study the kinetics of hot corrosion of Fe, Cr and Ni, covered by a molten KCl-ZnCl2 mixture of a composition close to the eutectic (50 mol% KCl-50 mol% ZnCl2). Furthermore binary and ternary phase diagrams were calculated in order to describe the corrosion process. The tests were conducted at a temperature of 320 °C in an atmosphere consisting of argon and oxygen. For iron different stages are observed in a TG curve. They can be attributed to the different reaction steps of iron chloride formation (incubation phase), oxide precipitation (linear stage) and scale formation (parabolic or logarithmic stage). Based on these observations a model, described by Spiegel [A. Spiegel, Molten Salt Forum 7 (2003) 253], is confirmed. For Cr and Ni these stages are not observed. At 8 vol% O2 only slight oxidation of Cr and Ni was observed accompanied by evaporation of the salt deposit. At 16 vol% O2 the rate of oxidation increases and the experiments yield a curve that is either parabolic or logarithmic for both Ni and Cr. As a result it is shown that the solubility of iron chloride in the KCl-ZnCl2 melt is higher than the solubility of nickel chloride and chromium (III) chloride in the KCl-ZnCl2 melt. This enables a higher diffusibility of iron chloride to the upper region of the melt where a higher oxygen partial pressure (p(O2)) is present leading to a higher oxidation rate of iron. 相似文献
38.
X. Liang X. Wang J. Zhuang Y. Chen D. Wang Y. Li 《Advanced functional materials》2006,16(14):1805-1813
Uniform magnetite, hematite, and goethite nanocrystals were prepared through an attractive method based on an oleic acid/alcohol/water system. By adjusting the synthetic parameters (base concentration, alcohol content, categories of alcohols, etc.), the controlled synthesis of uniform magnetite, hematite, and goethite nanocrystals can be easily achieved. Detailed investigations on the effect of the experimental parameters on the morphology of the final products and the phase transitions among the magnetite, hematite, and goethite phases were carried out. Finally, a method of doping other metal ions into magnetite was developed and the magnetic properties of magnetite doped with different metal elements were studied. 相似文献
39.
灰色预测法在西安市农村电话预测中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
吴培乐 《西安邮电学院学报》2002,7(2):20-23
在对西安市农村电话发展现状分析的基础上 ,运用灰色预测法对西安市农村电话未来发展趋势进行预测 ,为制定西安市农村电话发展策略提供参考 相似文献
40.
Ginevra Lombardi-Boccia Giuseppe Di Lullo Emilia Carnovale 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1991,55(4):599-605
In-vitro iron dialysability from five Italian legumes (mottled bean, white bean, faba bean, chickpea, lentil) and the influence of phytate and extrusion cooking on it were evaluated. Iron dialysability was 2·3 and 2·4% in mottled and white bean respectively, 1·2% infaba bean, 2·7% in chickpea and 1·1% in lentil. After extrusion cooking the flours showed a marked iron contamination and a decrease in iron dialysability, but these changes were significant only for mottled bean. Enzymic phytate removal induced an increase in iron dialysability > 100% in all the raw legumes except mottled bean which showed an increase of only 57%. This finding indicates that, although phytate consistently modifies iron dialysability, it is difficult to identify a quantitative relationship between phytate content and iron dialysability. 相似文献