Controlled experiments to study corrosion effects due to external varying fields in embedded pipelines

We present controlled laboratory tests carried out to study corrosion effects due to induction currents on pipes embedded in environments with electrical resistance lateral discontinuities. Sacrificial anodes were connected to underground pipes, and corrosion rates were estimated by measuring the mass loss in each anode. We considered 1 Hz and 50 Hz inducting fields, and the effects produced on the pipes were compared with cases without an external field. The results indicated an increase in the corrosion rate when the pipe was under the effect of induction currents, particularly where there was a change of electrical resistance in the soil.     

Effect of sulfate on Cu(Ⅱ) sorption to polymer-supported nano-hydrated ferric oxides: Experimental and modeling studies

Incorporating of hydrous ferric oxide(HFO) inside porous supports with large sizes has become an effective way to decontaminate the water from heavy metals. Ubiquitous anions like sulfate are usually present in high concentrations in water, and might greatly affect adsorption behavior of hybrid HFO. Here, a polymer-based HFO-CPS was fabricated by encapsulating nano-HFO inside a chloromethylated polystyrene polymer(CPS) and the reactivity of HFO-CPS with Cu(Ⅱ) was evaluated in the presence of sulfate ions.Surface complexation theory was firstly employed to describe the effect of sulfate on Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption edges of hybrid HFO-CPS, where constant capacitance model(CCM) was adopted. The available weak adsorption site Fe_((2))OH of hybrid HFO-CPS was found to decrease from 20% Fe to 5% Fe, which might be caused by the pore plugging effect after HFO encapsulation. With the assumption that a ternary complex was formed, the effect of sulfate on Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption by HFO-CPS were successfully described by CCM using the optimized Fe_((2))OH site under different sulfate concentrations(1 or 10 mmol·L~(-1)) and Cu/Fe ratios(0.0042 or 0.0252). It is confirmed that the formation of Fe OHCu SO_4 ternary surface complexes played an important role in enhancing Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption on HFO-CPS in the presence of sulfate.     

从改革中求发展 从改革中求效益

总结了解放４５年来上海钢铁工业所取得的成就，重点阐述了技术、工艺、装备方面的现状和不足以及发展目标，指出：只有实行改革开放，加快技术改造，才能提高上海钢铁工业的总体水平，提高经济效益，也才能使老企业焕发青春，步入现代化钢铁工业之林。     

轮形铸铁件浇注系统与冒口联合补缩设计

采用半环形横浇道、内浇道径向引入.在浇注系统的对面安放侧冒口.直浇道、横浇道、侧冒口的大小采用模数计算法确定.用这种浇注系统和冒口联合补缩的工艺形式,生产中型(重85 kg)灰铸铁制动轮和球铁齿轮,消除了铸件缺陷.获得了内在和外在质量都高的轮类铸件,铸件合格品率98%～100%,铸件出品率85%以上.     

铸铁在700℃时氧化过程的观察

利用光学显微镜、电子探针以及扫描电镜研究了灰铁、球铁和蠕铁在７００℃时的氧化过程。结果表明：（１）灰铁的氧化主要沿石墨与基体的相界面进行，初生奥氏体枝晶对氧的侵入具有一定的阻碍作用；（２）球铁是沿晶界比先氧化来实现其间接氧化的；（３）蠕铁氧化的模式主要取决于蠕化率的高低。     

铁在盐酸中的缓蚀剂的两种作用类型的研究

通过腐蚀电位、极化曲线与交流阻抗测量研究了3种伯胺和丙炔醇对铁在盐酸中的缓蚀作用类型。结果表明,3种伯胺的缓蚀作用是几何覆盖效应,而丙炔醇的缓蚀作用则来自负催化效应。还证明,在强阳极极化的Tafel 直线区间,十二烷胺吸附在电极表面的覆盖率θ不随电位改变,十四烷胺的θ随电位的升高而增大。丙炔醇使铁阳极溶解反应活化能位垒增高的量.fa(θ)随电位升高而减小,其数值为df_a(θ)/dE=-73J·mol_-1.mV-1。     

喷射成形技术在钢铁材料中的应用

本文简要介绍了喷射成形技术的原理、特点及其在钢铁材料中的应用概况 ,综述了各种喷射成形钢铁材料的研究现状及其产品发展状况     

铁(Ⅲ)—苯芴酮—聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚显色反应的研究及应用

详细研究了非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（OP）存在下铁（Ⅲ）与苯芴酮的显色反应。结果表明铁（Ⅲ）与苯芴酮形成了蓝紫色的配合物，其最大吸收波长λmax为614nm，对比度（△λ）为74nm，摩尔吸光系数ε614为6．41×104L·emol(-1)·cm(-1)，铁量在0～16μg／25mL范围内服从比耳定律。所拟方法用于磷矿样中铁的分析与邻菲罗啉法结果一致。     

Structural and magnetic characterization of norbornene-deuterated norbornene dicarboxylic acid diblock copolymers doped with iron oxide nanoparticles

A series of iron oxide doped norbornene (NOR)/deuterated norbornene dicarboxylic acid (NORCOOH) diblock copolymers were synthesized and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) experiments. γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were synthesized within the microdomains of diblock copolymers with volume fractions of NOR/NORCOOH 0.64/0.36, 0.50/0.50 and 0.40/0.60. A spherical nanoparticle morphology was displayed in the polymer with 0.64/0.36 volume fraction. Polymers with 0.50/0.50 and 0.40/0.60 volume fractions exhibited interconnected metal oxide nanostructures. The observed changes in the shape and peak positions of the small-angle neutron scattering profiles of polymers after metal doping were related to the scattering from the metal oxide particles and to the possible deformed morphologies due to the strong interparticle interactions between metal particles, which may influence the polymer microphase separation. The combined scattering from both polymer domains and magnetic particles was depicted in SANS profiles of metal oxide doped polymers. γ-Fe₂O₃ containing block copolymers were superparamagnetic at room temperature. An increase in the blocking temperature (T_b) of interconnected nanoparticles was observed and was related to the interparticle interactions, which depends on the average distance (d) between particles and individual particle diameter (2R). The sample with volume fraction of 0.4/0.6 have the lowest d/(2R) ratio and exhibit the highest T_b at 115 K.     

分光光度法测定锌铁合金镀层及镀液中的铁

采用分光光度法，以磺基水杨酸为显色剂、双氧水为氧化剂，锌铁合金镀层用稀盐酸溶解，控制pH值为1.5～3，在等吸收点处测定吸光度，并根据比耳定律计算镀层及镀液中的铁含量。