硫磺汽化管失效原因及对策

通过对原高温硫磺汽化管失效原因的分析,提出了改进管子化学成分的方案,实践证明这一方案是有效的。     

Composition of Rice Bran Stearin from Various Refineries Across China

In this study, we evaluated the composition of rice bran stearin (RBS) from various refineries across China. Here, we report the physicochemical parameters of RBS. The slip melting point ranged from 20.8 to 35.3 °C. The free fatty acid content (0.05–0.27 %) and peroxide value (0.34–3.70 mequiv oxygen/kg) was quite low, indicating that the RBS was of good quality. The iodine value ranged from 85.8–102.9 g/100 g, indicating a high unsaturated bond content. There was a significant difference in the unsaponifiable matter content (1.20–3.87 %) among RBS samples. The oxidative stability index (OSI) ranged from 0.56 to 5.85 h. The palmitic acid content in RBS refined by molecular distillation was significantly higher than the RBS that was refined physically and chemically. The major triacylglycerol was LLO/OLL, PLL/LPL, OLO, PLP, OOO and POO (L, linoleic acid; O, oleic acid; P, palmitic acid). RBS contained high levels of micronutrients, including total tocopherols (23.3–117.9 mg/100 g), oryzanol (0.1–2.1 %), and total sterols (682.9–1787.3 mg/100 g). Moreover, three different kinds of solid fat curves were distinguished. The results presented here are probably the first report regarding RBS on an industrial scale, meanwhile the potential utilization of RBS is discussed.     

聚合工艺和组成对苯丙乳液最低成膜温度的影响

通过对不同聚合工艺和组成制得的苯丙聚合物乳液 ,测其最低成膜温度 (MFT) ,结果发现 :利用种子乳液聚合 ,核主要组成为聚苯乙烯 ,壳主要组成为聚丙烯酸丁酯 ,所制得的核壳聚合物乳液与同组成无规共聚所得乳液相比 ,MFT能下降 2 5℃左右。其意义有二 :( 1 )该乳液可在较低温度下使用 ,从而拓宽了施工温度范围。 ( 2 )若制得与常规共聚乳液相同MFT时 ,该方法所制得的乳液由于可少用价格高昂的丙烯酸丁酯 ,多用价廉的苯乙烯 ,从而降低乳液成本 ,使该类产品具有较强的市场竞争力。     

低碳城市的空间形态探索——以恩施市为例

城市空间形态研究的价值在于它在城市动态变化的过程中适当安排新的结构元素的能力,评价规划工作的优劣在某种意义上是指得到规划许可的城市发展的结果。因此,城市空间形态的研究对辅助与充实城市总体规划实践具有重要意义。低碳城市空间形态研究,可以对连片发展的城市形态、带形城市以及组团城市形态各自在减少碳排放方面进行评估,从而得出理想的城市空间形态。     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban surface dust of Guangzhou, China: Status, sources and human health risk assessment

Ninety-six urban surface dust samples collected from Guangzhou, a typical urban center in South China, were analyzed for 16 PAHs (2-6 rings). ∑ PAHs concentrations in the urban surface dust ranged from 0.84 to 12.3 μg/g with a mean of 4.80 μg/g. High molecular weight compounds (4-6 rings) contributed to 62 to 94% of ∑ PAHs mass in the surface dust samples. Four hotspots with highest ∑ PAHs were identified via kriging prediction mapping, representing the highly-urbanized regions: central downtown, highway and industrial area. Two major origins of PAHs inputs to urban surface dust were identified as vehicle emissions (51.9%) and coal combustion (26.8%). The 95% UCL of Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) due to human exposure to urban surface dust PAHs in central South China was 3.03 × 10⁻⁶ for children and 2.92 × 10⁻⁶ for adults.     

Synthesis and XPS investigation of superdense lithium-graphite intercalation compound, LiC2

The superdense lithium-graphite intercalation compound (GIC),LiC₂, first synthesized by the author was prepared by the original technique in a piston-cylinder high-pressure chamber with internal heater. Cleaved surfaces of this compound, LiC₃, LiC₆ and pristine graphite were studied by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. It was shown that chemical shifts of carbon do not vary in the range LiC₆ to LiC₂ which suggests that the additional lithium intercalation into LiC₆ gives no significant change in the charge transfer rate per carbon atom. Carbon/lithium atom ratios were obtained for freshly cleaved surfaces and for the surfaces after argon ion bombardment. It was shown that the bombardment results in the surface decomposition of LiC₂-GIC.     

Effect of rare-earth doping on the electrical and photoelectrical properties of furazano [ 3,4-b] piperazine (FP) thin-film devices

Schottky diodes of rare-earth, praseodymium (Pr)-doped and samarium (Sm)-doped furazano [3,4-b] piperazine (FP), sandwiched between Al and indium-tin oxide (ITO) were made by a spin-coating technique. The diodes, in which doped FP behaves as a p-type organic semiconductor, exhibit rectification behaviour. The p-type semiconductivity and rectification properties of the devices improve with rare-earth doping. The electrical effects observed in these devices are explained in terms of the p-type semiconducting behaviour of the doped FP thin films and the formation of a blocking contact (Schottky barrier) with the Al electrode and ohmic contact with the ITO electrode. Various electrical parameters such as carrier mobility, position of Fermi level, free carrier concentration, trap density, trap level and conductivity of doped FP are calculated and discussed. It is found that the position of the Fermi level shifts toward the valence band on rare-earth doping; concentration of free carriers and carrier mobility increase on doping. From the capacitance-voltage (C-V measurements, various electrical parameters such as barrier height, density of ionized acceptor atoms and depletion layer width are calculated and discussed. From the action spectra and absorption spectra it is confirmed that the Al-doped FP interface forms a Schottky barrier and the ITO-doped FP interface shows ohmic contact. The photovoltaic measurement on the two devices reveals that the short circuit current, open circuit voltage, fill factor and power conversion efficiency increase on rare-earth doping.     

多铁/顺磁复合薄膜的界面输运特性与耦合机制研究

本文通过BiFeO3/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3（BFO /LSMO）,研究了多铁/顺磁复合结构的界面输运以及磁电耦合机制。利用激光分子束外延技术制备了单相、质量良好的薄膜结构,采用电学、磁学、光学等多种测试手段对其输运特性、铁磁性、磁介电特性等进行了测试与表征.结果表明界面的漏电导机制是空间电荷限制电流机制;复合薄膜在室温下表现出的铁磁性主要来源于BFO层,界面处诱导出的网状磁矩会使样品产生比较明显的磁电耦合.在零场冷却（ZFC）和场冷却（FC）下,样品的磁介电系数分别在160K和170K达到极大值,介电损耗-温度曲线在150-170附近产生分裂,该温度区间与BFO层的相变相关.     

达克罗技术研究进展

综述了达克罗技术的和现状及其在国内外的研究进展,讨论了达克罗转化膜的组化,结构及成膜机理,介绍了达克罗技术的先进性,对未来这一技术的发展提出了展望。