基于深度卷积生成对抗网络的半生成式视频隐写方案

生成式隐写通过生成足够自然或真实的含密样本来隐藏秘密消息,是信息隐藏方向的研究热点,但目前在视频隐写领域的研究还比较少。结合数字化卡登格的思想,提出一种基于深度卷积生成对抗网络（DCGAN）的半生成式视频隐写方案。该方案中,设计了基于DCGAN的双流视频生成网络,用来生成视频的动态前景、静态后景与时空掩模三个部分,并以随机噪声驱动生成不同的视频。方案中的发送方可设定隐写阈值,在掩模中自适应地生成数字化卡登格,并将其作为隐写与提取的密钥;同时以前景作为载体,实现信息的最优嵌入。实验结果表明,该方案生成的含密视频具有良好的视觉质量,Frechet Inception距离（FID）值为90,且嵌入容量优于现有的生成式隐写方案,最高可达0.11 bpp,能够更高效地传输秘密消息。     

Excavator 3D pose estimation using deep learning and hybrid datasets

Earthwork operations are crucial parts of most construction projects. Heavy construction equipment and workers are often required to work in limited workspaces simultaneously. Struck-by accidents resulting from poor worker and equipment interactions account for a large proportion of accidents and fatalities on construction sites. The emerging technologies based on computer vision and artificial intelligence offer an opportunity to enhance construction safety through advanced monitoring utilizing site cameras. A crucial pre-requisite to the development of safety monitoring applications is the ability to identify accurately and localize the position of the equipment and its critical components in 3D space. This study proposes a workflow for excavator 3D pose estimation based on deep learning using RGB images. In the proposed workflow, an articulated 3D digital twin of an excavator is used to generate the necessary data for training a 3D pose estimation model. In addition, a method for generating hybrid datasets (simulation and laboratory) for adapting the 3D pose estimation model for various scenarios with different camera parameters is proposed. Evaluations prove the capability of the workflow in estimating the 3D pose of excavators. The study concludes by discussing the limitations and future research opportunities.     

F-BIDS: Federated-Blending based Intrusion Detection System

The rapid development of network communication along with the drastic increase in the number of smart devices has triggered a surge in network traffic, which can contain private data and in turn affect user privacy. Recently, Federated Learning (FL) has been proposed in Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to ensure attack detection, privacy preservation, and cost reduction, which are crucial issues in traditional centralized machine-learning-based IDS. However, FL-based approaches still exhibit vulnerabilities that can be exploited by adversaries to compromise user data. At the same time, meta-models (including the blending models) have been recognized as one of the solutions to improve generalization for attack detection and classification since they enhance generalization and predictive performances by combining multiple base models. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Federated Blending model-driven IDS framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT (IIoT), called F-BIDS, in order to further protect the privacy of existing ML-based IDS. The proposition consists of a Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF) as base classifiers to first produce the meta-data. Then, the meta-classifier, which is a Neural Networks (NN) model, uses the meta-data during the federated training step, and finally, it makes the final classification on the test set. Specifically, in contrast to the classical FL approaches, the federated meta-classifier is trained on the meta-data (composite data) instead of user-sensitive data to further enhance privacy. To evaluate the performance of F-BIDS, we used the most recent and open cyber-security datasets, called Edge-IIoTset (published in 2022) and InSDN (in 2020). We chose these datasets because they are recent datasets and contain a large amount of network traffic including both malicious and benign traffic.     

针对新学习策略的弱小目标检测方法

基于深度卷积神经网络的目标检测在应用中展现出了良好的性能,然而,将其应用于弱小目标检测上依然性能欠佳。本文提出一种有效的弱小目标检测方法,使用改进的特征提取方法,利用尺度匹配策略选取合适的尺度进行小目标检测。同时在神经网络中设计自适应的融合模块,通过融合特征与接收域以增强目标环境特征。提出的方法在检测速度和精度上都具备良好的性能。有效解决了一般的框策略无法准确获取小目标的问题,新的策略使用自适应参数确定检测框。实验结果表明,提出的方法在视频数据中能够有效检测弱小目标,优于其它先进的目标检测方法。     

基于深度学习的人脸图像加密算法研究

图像作为视觉传达的重要信息载体,以一种直观、形象的方式向受众传递信息。但是,图像会在不知不觉中带来个人隐私信息泄露等安全隐患。本文从保护图像中隐私安全角度出发,深度融合人脸检测、人脸对齐方法以及混合混沌序列的图像加解密算法,提出了一种基于深度学习算法的人脸图像信息加密算法,即FIIE（Face Image Information Encryption ）算法,用于保护图片中的面部核心部位隐私信息。FIIE算法的具体描述如下：首先,采用WLDER FACE数据集中的人脸图像对MTCNN模型展开训练,并利用训练好的模型根据人脸特征点获取图像中人脸所在的矩形框坐标;然后,通过上述人脸区域坐标生成掩膜,运用生成的掩膜使原图与Logistic混沌序列做位运算,最后,对图像中人脸特定区域的加密。通过实验表明,本算法可以准确识别图像中人脸信息特定区域,实现对图像中面部信息的有效加密,保障用户的隐私安全。     

基于深度学习的电网安全态势感知方法

为了提高电力网络的安全性,实现电力网络的可持续运行,引入深度学习神经网络,开展对电力网络安全态势感知方法的设计研究,以此提出一种全新的安全态势感知方法。本文采用电力网络安全态势评估指标,结合各类电力网络环境因素,对未来可能发生的电力网络变化趋势进行预测;明确电力网络安全态势评估指标及其相关表述含义后,对电力网络安全态势风险进行综合量化,通过划分电力网络安全态势风险量化及等级,构建基于深度学习的电力网络安全态势预测模型,验证模拟安全态势感知预测结果。通过真实电力网络算例的方式,得出新的安全态势感知方法应用在现实电力网络运行环境中时,能够实现对其安全等级的精准预测,可以为电力网络的可持续运行提供安全保障条件,具有一定的实用性。     

Volt-VAR control for distribution networks with high penetration of DGs: An overview

Continuously improving the ability to accept distributed renewable energies is the trend of future grid development, and a large number of papers have been published in recent years to study the problem of Volt-VAR control (VVC) for distribution networks with high penetration of distributed generations. This paper summarizes the relevant modeling and solution methods for VVC problems, mainly including VVC based on multiple time scales, hierarchical partitioning, multi-stage and network reconstruction, in conjunction with the operational characteristics of distribution networks containing distributed renewable energies; meanwhile, it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of traditional optimization methods, heuristic intelligent algorithms and random variable processing methods used to solve VVC problems, and then introduces the application of model-free deep reinforcement learning as a latest decision method in VVC of distribution networks. Most of the models and methods compiled in this article are from the research results of the last three years and have some reference value.     

A Multi-scale Attention-based Facial Emotion Recognition Method Based on Deep Learning

Recently, people have been paying more and more attention to mental health, such as depression, autism, and other common mental diseases. In order to achieve a mental disease diagnosis, intelligent methods have been actively studied. However, the existing models suffer the accuracy degradation caused by the clarity and oc-clusion of human faces in practical applications. This paper, thus, proposes a multi-scale feature fusion network that obtains feature information at three scales by locating the sentiment region in the image, and integrates global feature information and local feature information. In addition, a focal cross-entropy loss function is designed to improve the network''s focus on difficult samples during training, enhance the training effect, and increase the model recognition accuracy. Experimental results on the challenging RAF_DB dataset show that the proposed model exhibits better facial expression recognition accuracy than existing techniques.     

NH3 对二甲苯光氧化形成二次有机气溶胶的影响

二甲苯是一种重要的人为源 VOC, 也是城市地区 SOA 的重要前体物。二甲苯光氧化形成的 SOA 受多种环 境因素影响, 而 NH3 对该反应形成的 SOA 生成产率及反应机制的影响尚不清楚。基于室内烟雾箱模拟系统, 探讨了 NH3 对二甲苯光氧化形成 SOA 质量浓度、物理特性及化学组成的影响。研究表明, 在低浓度条件下, NH3 对二甲苯 光氧化生成 SOA 具有明显的促进作用, 结合气溶胶质谱结果发现 NH3 促进醛酮类物质进入颗粒相以及含氮有机物的 生成是导致 SOA 质量浓度增加的主要原因。此外, NH3 能够提高邻二甲苯生成 SOA 的吸光度, 但是对对二甲苯无明 显影响。分析表明, 相较于对二甲苯, 邻二甲苯光氧化会生成大量醛类物质, NH3 与醛类发生美拉德反应是导致 SOA 吸光性增加的主要原因。     

雷达辐射源信号分选研究进展

雷达辐射源信号分选是雷达信号侦察的关键技术之一,同时也是战场态势感知的重要环节。该文系统梳理了雷达辐射源信号分选的主流技术,从基于脉间调制特征、基于脉内调制特征、基于机器学习的雷达辐射源信号分选3个角度阐述了目前雷达辐射源信号分选工作的主要研究方向及进展,并重点阐释了基于深度神经网络、数据流聚类等最新分选技术的原理与特点。最后,对现有雷达辐射源信号分选技术的不足进行了总结并对未来趋势进行了预测。