激光直接打孔技术定位方法的探讨

随着HDI印制板设计精度的日益提升及成本降低的需求,激光直接打孔技术得到日益广泛的应用。本文针对激光直接打孔技术定位方法进行探讨,通过对比传统的扫靶孔定位和直接烧靶定位的优缺点,提出了一种新的定位方法-开窗烧靶定位,并对该方法进行实验确认,得到了较好的效果。     

用于钻水平井的低密度水包油乳化钻井液

针对任平1井水平钻井的特点,研制了一种低密度、高油水比的水包油乳化钻井液。考察了乳化剂、增粘剂和配制工艺对乳状液性能的影响,评定了钻井液性能,介绍了现场应用情况。该钻井液性能稳定,润滑性好,净化井眼的能力强,能满足水平段钻井的要求。     

高取代度羧甲基淀粉醚的制备

通过正交设计的合成试验对影响羧甲基淀粉醚取代度的各因素及它们的交互作用进行了考察,通过方差分析检验它们的显著性,研究了各因素影响淀粉羧甲基化反应的机理。在所确立的最佳反应条件下一次醚化能制备取代度高达1.70的羧甲基淀粉醚。对高取代淀粉醚作为钻井泥浆降失水剂的性能进行了初步评价。     

钻井液降粘剂XD9101的合成与性能

腈纶废料的水解、氧化降解产物（ＸＤ９１０１）可用作钻井液降粘剂。本文探讨了ＸＤ９１０１的制备工艺条件及其在钻井液中的性能。ＸＤ９１０１在钻井液中具有良好的降粘效果和较强的抗温抗盐能力。     

ZDY1200S型钻机新型夹持器的设计与分析

针对ZDY1200S型全液压坑道钻机存在夹持器开口量较小的问题,设计了一种应用氮气弹簧为弹性元件的新型夹持器。通过对夹持器夹紧力的计算,完成对氮气弹簧的选型及预压量设计,最后对关键部件螺杆进行强度校核,验证所设计夹持器的合理性。     

固液分离机中岩屑颗粒沉降规律研究

岩屑在钻井液中的沉降速度、沉降阻力、流动分布等已成为钻井工艺设计中的重要参数。岩屑在钻井液中的运动十分复杂，这些参数很难用纯解析方法获得。文章从岩屑颗粒与液相介质之间的相互作用入手，采用理论分析和试验研究相结合的方法，参照经验公式,讨论了固液动态压滤分离机中岩屑颗粒的沉降规律，对动压机内颗粒的受力情况、轴向沉降、离心力场沉降等问题进行了理论探讨和研究，得出了岩屑颗粒离心沉降末速度。     

新型射流提高机械钻速机理及研究进展

在油气井钻井中，喷射钻井技术能够较大幅度地提高钻井速度，其实质是喷嘴射流辅助钻井破岩，提高了井底破岩效率。为此，文章在如何向井底输送能量和充分利用井下水力能量研究的基础上，进行了多种新型射流的研究与应用。文章对断续射流、自激振荡脉冲射流、自振空化射流和它激振荡脉冲射流4种形成新型射流的理论和方法，提高机械钻速机理进行了分析。现场应用结果表明，新型射流能够较大幅度地提高机械钻速，具有广泛的研究和开发应用前景。     

聚醚胺页岩抑制剂抑制性能研究

以聚醚胺为钻井液用页岩抑制剂,通过相对抑制率实验、抑制膨润土造浆实验考察了其页岩抑制性能.结果表明,聚醚胺浓度越大,相对抑制率越高,浓度大于0.5％时,相对抑制率不再变化,抑制性能优于5％ KCl.抑制膨润土造浆实验中,浓度越高,动切力越小,抑制造浆能力越强.加入聚醚胺的泥浆在100～180 ℃下老化16 h后,相对抑制率均在90％以上,抗温性能良好.加入不同浓度的NaCl(1％～36.5％)或CaCl2(1％～5％)老化16h后,流变参数变化不大,相对抑制率均在95％以上,抗盐性能良好.     

Preparation and Aqueous Properties of Starch‐grafted Polyacrylamide Copolymers

In the present work, starch‐grafted polyacrylamide copolymers were prepared and their rheological properties, either in water or in water‐based muds, were investigated. The advantages in using starches as substrates to prepare additives which are suited for improving stability and the rheological properties of water‐based muds, lie in their low cost, and their lower biodegradability than native starches. Thus, various copolymer series were prepared by free‐radically grafting acrylamide (AM) onto starch using ceric ammonium sulphate (CAS) as initiator. It is shown that the intrinsic viscosity and the molecular weight of the grafted starches are controlled by the initiator and monomer concentrations. Furthermore, to predict the behaviour of the samples under oil‐well conditions, the aqueous solution properties of the copolymers such as water solubility, viscosity, shear rate, were determined as function of temperature, salt concentration and type, and aging time. The knowledge of these properties is a prerequisite for the use of the copolymers in drilling fluids. The data indicate that starch‐grafted polyacrylamide copolymers as compared to the non‐modified starch, behave as shear‐thinning, are salt resistant, and their rheological properties are stable with time. The grafted starches as prepared above were also added to water‐based mud and the rheological properties of the resulting muds were determined under oil‐well conditions. Grafted starches, having high AM contents, are more efficient in decreasing the filtrate volume, and increasing the plastic viscosity of the muds, when compared to PAC‐L, a modified cellulosic polymer used in the filtration control of most water‐based muds. Such improvements in the rheological properties of the muds were found to result from the behaviour and/or properties of the grafted starches in water.