基于人工鱼群算法和模糊C-均值聚类的洪水分类

为了克服FCM算法依赖初值的缺点，将人工鱼群算法（AFS）引入模糊C-均值聚类，提出了一种新的聚类算法，应用于洪水分类研究。新算法将聚类中心看作食物源，通过样本抽样产生初始鱼群。利用人工鱼群算法全局寻优、快速收敛的特点，得到一个较优的初始聚类结果，再使用FCM算法进行局部搜索。避免了单纯的FCM算法因初值选取不当，而容易陷入局部最小的缺陷。同时新算法给出了洪水等级划分的科学依据。实验结果表明，新算法具有比FCM算法更好的性能表现，使得到的分类结果更加准确合理。     

南水北调中线工程穿黄河段泥沙与河势问题研究综述

南水北调中线穿黄工程与河势防洪研究,经历了10多年的时间,先后开展了现场调查、原型资料分析、数学模型计算,分别在四座不同比尺的泥沙模型上,进行了不同工况和过河长度方案试验.除长江科学院承担该研究工作外,还多次委托黄河水利科学研究院、武汉大学、清华大学等国内著名水利科研单位进行专门研究,各家所得的研究成果能相互印证、规律一致,为国家决策提供科学依据.在综合上述成果的基础上对穿黄工程穿黄河段泥沙与河势问题进行研究.     

Suitability of Dynamic Modeling for Flood Forecasting during Ice Jam Release Surge Events

Ice jam release surges present a unique challenge to the flood forecaster, since the surge released when an ice jam fails is highly dynamic in nature and, therefore, traditional hydrologic flood routing techniques are inapplicable. The problem is analogous to the classic dam break scenario and should be amenable to analysis by hydraulic flood routing techniques. However, previous investigations suggest that the influence of ice on the wave propagation and attenuation must also be considered to achieve accurate results. This study explores the applicability of dynamic hydraulic flow modeling techniques to the ice jam surge propagation problem, presenting the results of numerical simulations of the ice jam release event which occurred on the Saint John River upstream of Grand Falls, N.B., in April 1993. The surge propagation analysis was conducted using a one-dimensional finite element implementation of the Saint Venant equations adapted for natural channel geometries. Even neglecting ice effects, the resulting model is successful in terms of reproducing the observed peak stage and the surge propagation speed. Based on these results, it is concluded that accurate channel geometry is a key factor in effectively modeling ice jam release surge events.     

边山渠道设计问题的探讨

：１９９５ 年河津市龙门山麓发生特大暴雨洪水，对黄河禹门口提水工程二级干渠边山渠段及部分建筑物造成破坏。本文在分析该工程水毁原因和处理措施的基础上，对如何进行边山渠道设计提出了几点见解。     

建设现代化的城市防洪体系——太原市防洪现状分析及指挥决策支持系统的建立

城市防洪问题日渐突出。如何建设高质量、高标准的防洪工程，对可能贩各级洪水，作出迅速、准确的预测预报，并相应采取积极完善的防御措施，把洪灾造成的损失降低到最低限度，确保人民生命财产的安全和城市的现代化建设与发展，就显得尤为重要。本文着重不太原市防洪工程硬件设施建设和软件防洪指挥决策支持系统的建立作简要的介绍，并对存在的主要问题提出建设性的意见。     

柘林水利工程的防洪效益——从1998年洪水调度谈柘林水库在防洪中的作用

１９９８年柘林水库发生了建库以来的最大洪水，库水位２次超历史纪录，在江西省防总、江西省电力工业局防办的科学调度与决策下，取得了抗洪抢险的全面胜利，保住了京九铁路、郭东堤、永北围堤、昌九高速公路，柘林水库的防洪效益得到了充分的发挥，取得了巨大的经济效益和社会效益．     

江西省1997年汛期水库洪水调度简析

以万安，上犹江，洪门水库为例对江西１９９７年洪水调度进行了简单分析，并阐述了１９７年水库洪水调度的特点。     

1996年长江中下游堤防工程防洪经济效益分析

１９９６年长江中游发生了较大洪水，洞庭湖及干流域陵矶地区的洪水位超过历史最高洪水位，防洪工程发挥了重要作用，为了科学评价防洪工程在１９９６年抗洪斗争中获得的经济效益，总结经验才识，依据有关实际资料对长江中游主要堤防工程的防洪经济效益进行了粗略的分析与估算，结果表明：１９９６年长江中下游防洪工程的防洪经济效益价值量为８４０．５５亿元。     

三门峡库区应有一个纳入黄河防洪体系的规划

文章从实际出发 ,对三门峡库区规划治理提出了治理的理由、遵循的原则、治理目标以及治理方案 ,以供决策机关参考     

Flow Resistance and Momentum Flux in Compound Open Channels

New formulations are presented for flow resistance and momentum flux in compound open channels. As implemented in the St. Venant equations, these formulations facilitate a physically enhanced approach to evaluating conveyance, roughness, stage-discharge relationship, and unsteady flood routing in compound open channels. An analysis using steady flow data from the well-controlled experiments at the large-scale Flood Channel Facility, HR Wallingford, demonstrates the ability of the present approach to properly resolve the discontinuity of overall roughness across the main-channel bankfull level. Also, the proposed formulations are shown to be conducive to obviating the long-standing computational difficulty in unsteady flood routing due to small flow depths over flat and wide floodplains. The present work should find general applications in one-dimensional computation of river flows.