煤矿污染防治技术群及其评价

通过对枣庄矿区污染防治工作的调查研究，分析了煤矿开采对环境的影响，总结出当前煤矿污染防治的适用技术群，井对其相关问题进行评价。     

Microstress estimate of stochastically heterogeneous structures by the functional perturbation method: A one dimensional example

A new functional perturbation method (FPM) for calculating the probabilistic response of stochastically heterogeneous, linear elastic structures is developed. The method is based on treating the governing differential operator as well as the unknown displacement function as a functional of material modulus field. By executing a functional perturbation around the homogeneous case, a set of successive differential equations is obtained and solved, from which the average and variance of any local parameter (displacements, stresses, strains) can be found. For a linear problem, the equations to be solved in each approximation order differ from the one for the homogeneous case by a pseudo external loading (right hand side) part only. Thus, only the Green function for the homogeneous case is needed for an analytical solution of the corresponding heterogeneous problem. A one dimensional stochastically heterogeneous rod embedded in a uniform shear resistant elastic medium is solved as an example. The statistical variance of displacements and stresses are found analytically, including the edge regions. Morphological (grain size) and material (modulus) effects on the stochastic response are demonstrated. The above results are essential for estimating the stochastic features of local stress concentrations, which are the source for many strength-related macro properties of materials. Extensive usage of generalized functions (Dirac operator and its derivatives) is needed for the analysis.     

Deviance regulation: A theory of action and identity.

The authors propose a behavioral decision theory relevant to the maintenance of desirable identities. The theory, termed deviance regulation theory (DRT), predicts that actions translate into meaningful identities to the extent that they cause the individual to deviate from reference group norms. This straightforward proposition is used to predict the patterning of behavior across a wide array of social contexts. The authors present evidence that predictions generalize across Eastern and Western cultures and to both personal and collective identities. Finally, they show how DRT alters current theoretical assumptions about social motives and social and cultural influence, and they illustrate how it can help explain the structure of both informal and formal social forces. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2，6-萘二甲酸二甲酯在有机溶剂中溶解度的测定与关联

Solubility of dimethyl-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate in acetic acid, N,N-dimethylfonnamide, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, and N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine were determined using a dynamic method. The measured systems were correlated by UNIFAC group contribution method. A new main group （aromatic ester, ACCOO） was defined to express the activity coefficients of the aromatic ester. New interaction parameters of the ACCOO group were expressed as the first-order function of temperature and were determined from the experimental data. The calculated results for the new interaction parameters were satisfactory. The measured systems were also correlated with the Wilson and 2-h models, and the results were compared with those of the UNIFAC model.     

Does social dominance generate prejudice? Integrating individual and contextual determinants of intergroup cognitions.

Social dominance orientation (SDO) has been proposed as an important variable in the explanation of prejudice. We distinguish between three conceptualizations of SDO: SDO as a personality trait (personality model), SDO as a moderator of the effects of situational variables (Person X Situation model), and SDO as a mediator of the effect of social position on prejudice (group socialization model [GSM]). Four studies (N = 1,657) looking at the relations between social positions, SDO, and prejudice in a natural setting and in a laboratory setting provide strong support for the GSM. In contrast to previous correlational findings, there is evidence of a cause (dominant social position), an effect (prejudice increases), and a mediator (SDO). These results suggest new perspectives on the integration of individual and contextual determinants of prejudice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Nodally exact Ritz discretizations of 1D diffusion–absorption and Helmholtz equations by variational FIC and modified equation methods

This article presents the first application of the Finite Calculus (FIC) in a Ritz-FEM variational framework. FIC provides a steplength parametrization of mesh dimensions, which is used to modify the shape functions. This approach is applied to the FEM discretization of the steady-state, one-dimensional, diffusion–absorption and Helmholtz equations. Parametrized linear shape functions are directly inserted into a FIC functional. The resulting Ritz-FIC equations are symmetric and carry a element-level free parameter coming from the function modification process. Both constant- and variable-coefficient cases are studied. It is shown that the parameter can be used to produce nodally exact solutions for the constant coefficient case. The optimal value is found by matching the finite-order modified differential equation (FOMoDE) of the Ritz-FIC equations with the original field equation. The inclusion of the Ritz-FIC models in the context of templates is examined. This inclusion shows that there is an infinite number of nodally exact models for the constant coefficient case. The ingredients of these methods (FIC, Ritz, MoDE and templates) can be extended to multiple dimensions     

Facial detection and location based on skin color and eye characteristic

This paper comes true a system of facial detection and location. Firstly, it realizes the facial detection of candidate region used skin color for the given image, and considers the influence of similar skin. Secondly, it realizes the location for eye region used the gray characteristic of eye and correction of central measurement, and makes further selection for facial candidate region. The end, it normalizes the facial image and makes it as front standard image, so realizes the facial characteristic location.     

Longitudinal analysis of the relationship between symptoms and quality of life in veterans treated for posttraumatic stress disorder.

This study examined how change in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms relates to change in quality of life. The sample consisted of 325 male Vietnam veterans with chronic PTSD who participated in a randomized trial of group psychotherapy. Latent growth modeling was used to test for synchronous effects of PTSD symptom change on psychosocial and physical health-related quality of life within the same time period and lagged effects of initial PTSD symptom change on later change in quality of life. PTSD symptoms were associated with reduced quality of life before treatment. There were synchronous effects of symptom change on change in quality of life but no significant lagged effects. Results indicate the importance of measuring quality of life in future investigations of PTSD treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

首尔地面公交系统改革的成功经验

随着经济、人口的快速发展,首尔开展了一次针对地面公交系统的成功而深刻的变革。其中包括组建以公众参与为基础的公交系统改革公民委员会,形成了“以线路连接为导向的公交系统”,采用新型公交智能卡、票价新制度以及信息一体化的管理系统。     

The differential effectiveness of group psychotherapy: A meta-analytic perspective.

The differential effectiveness of group psychotherapy was estimated in a meta-analysis of 111 experimental and quasi-experimental studies published over the past 20 years. A number of client, therapist, group, and methodological variables were examined in an attempt to determine specific as well as generic effectiveness. Three different effect sizes were computed: active versus wait list, active versus alternative treatment, and pre- to posttreatment improvement rates. The active versus wait list overall effect size (0.58) indicated that the average recipient of group treatment is better off than 72% of untreated controls. Improvement was related to group composition, setting, and diagnosis. Findings are discussed within the context of what the authors have learned about group treatment, meta-analytic studies of the extant group literature, and what remains for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)