应用手持GPS进行1：5万水文地质填图的试验

通过对野外实例的分析，论述了利用手持GPS（12XLC）进行1：5万水地质填图时，测定地面点的方法和精度。实验结果证明，手持GPS（12XLC）单点定位精度可满足1：5万水地质填图对工程点位的精度要求。     

Potential leakage at the Khersan 3 Dam Site,Iran: a hydrogeological approach

The paper discusses the investigations into the Khersan 3 Dam site in the Zagros Zone, southern Iran, where the Rig, Shorom and Laki Anticlines meet. The Asmari Limestone is the main aquifer system in the area of the dam site and its reservoir. Marly bands within the Lower Asmari Unit create three confined sub-aquifers under artesian pressure overlain by one unconfined sub-aquifer. The impounded water will be in direct contact with the Asmari Limestone hence leakage may occur through existing karst features. As the recharge zone of the artesian sub-aquifers is higher than the normal water level in the reservoir, no direct leakage through the artesian sub-aquifers is anticipated. However, when the water head in the unconfined sub-aquifer rises with the construction of the dam, leakage may occur and further karstification develop.      

边坡面裂隙网络调查与水文地质参数的确定方法初探

阐述了运用裂隙网络几何数值计算水文地质参数的原理与方法,并结合大冶铁矿东采北帮的工程实例进行了具体计算。     

煤矿水文地质勘查中瞬变电磁法的应用

瞬变电磁法对一些低阻体反应较强,在煤矿井下水文地质勘察中有广泛应用。采取该方式可测定含水构造、地下溶洞等不规则水体,规避煤矿开采风险。针对煤矿开采中采空区积水及含水层分布,分析了瞬变电磁法在某煤矿水文地质勘查中的实际应用效果,为煤矿开采合理发展奠定坚实基础。     

Estimation of REV size and three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity tensor for a fractured rock mass through a single well packer test and discrete fracture fluid flow modeling

A new methodology is presented to determine the representative elementary volume (REV) size and three-dimensional (3-D) hydraulic conductivity tensor for a fractured rock mass. First, a 3-D stochastic fracture network model was built and validated for a gneissic rock mass based on the fracture data mapped from scanline surveys at the site. This validated fracture network model was combined with the fracture data observed on a borehole to generate a stochastic-deterministic fracture network system in a cubic block around each packer test conducted at a different depth region in the same borehole. Each packer test was simulated numerically applying a developed discrete fracture fluid flow model to estimate the influenced region or effective range for the packer test. A cubic block of size 18 m, with the packer test interval of length about 6.5 m located at the centre of this block, was found to be suitable to represent the influenced region. Using this block size, the average flow rate per unit hydraulic gradient (defined as the transmissivity multiplied by mean width of flow paths) field for fractures was calibrated at different depth regions around the borehole by numerically simulating the packer tests conducted at different depth regions. The average flow rate per unit hydraulic gradient of the fractures that intersect the borehole was considered to be quite different to the average flow rate per unit hydraulic gradient of the fractures that do not intersect the borehole. A relation was developed to quantify the ratio between these two parameters. By studying the directional hydraulic conductivity behaviour of different cubic block sizes having the validated stochastic fracture network and calibrated hydraulic parameters, a REV for the hydraulic behaviour of the rock mass was estimated to be a block size of 15 m. The hydraulic conductivity tensor in 3-D computed through regression analysis using the calculated directional hydraulic conductivity values in many directions was found to be significantly anisotropic. The principal directions of the hydraulic conductivity tensor were found to be agreeable with the existing fracture system of the site. Further, the geometric hydraulic conductivity calculated was found to be comparable to the hydraulic conductivity estimated through the radial flow assumption in continuum porous media.     

樊庄区块固县井区煤层气储层流体化学场研究

根据对樊庄区块固县井区HG2-16等16口排采井产出流体化学监测结果,本文分析了各种化学参数的变化特点,对不同时刻产出气组分及同位素实验数据分析,甲烷碳同位素、氢同位素总体呈现"轻-重-轻"的变化规律,证实储层解吸具有阶段性特征,可能存在不同时刻气源变化和分馏特征;测试不同时刻产出水的PH值、离子浓度及元素含量变化动态,判别了监测区不同井开采地层水的来源,分析了流体化学参数动态变化规律,揭示了煤层气井网排采条件下流体场变化及井间干扰联系。     

东欢坨矿延深水平涌水量预测研究

通过分析东欢坨矿延深水平水文地质情况，为防治水制定有效措施，对东欢坨矿延深水平涌水量进行预测。利用地下水水量及水质模拟软件FEFLOW对矿井地下水区域流场、地下开采对区域地下水的影响情况进行模拟分析，并预测出矿井延深水平涌水量，同时借助地下水动力学的廊道法公式计算涌水量验证模拟结果。结果表明：模拟软件FEFLOW预测东欢坨矿延深水平涌水量为35852．55m^3／d，与地下水动力学的廊道法公式计算的涌水量结果相近，误差在允许范围，说明FEFLOW模拟软件预测涌水量是准确可靠的。     

某铁矿近矿体注浆帷幕效果分析

介绍了某岩溶大水铁矿床的水文地质条件及其近矿体帷幕防治水工程的实施情况。通过对钻孔涌水量、注浆量、注浆压力、检查孔效果、地表水位变化及帷幕体下围岩内部位移变化等方面的综合分析,认为该铁矿近矿体注浆帷幕为高堵水率、且围岩稳固的井下近矿体注浆帷幕,解决了矿山因水害困扰无法正常生产的问题,为安全高效开采提供了保障。     

The microbial domes of Wadi Muqshin pools,Sultanate of Oman

The paper reports studies on benthic microbial dome‐shaped mats found in hypersaline desert pools in Wadi Muqshin, southern Oman, and details the hydrogeological conditions of the pools, including water quality and recharge features. The upper 1 cm layers of these microbial mats are dominated by cyanobacteria, a phototrophic purple sulphur bacterium and diatoms. The dominant cyanobacterium is Microcoleus chthonoplastes and the purple layer below the upper layer is dominated by the photosynthetic sulphur bacterium Chromatium okenii. It is unusual to find standing water containing microbial domes in such a hyper‐arid, inland site which borders the Rub’ Al Khali (Empty Quarter). The flooding regime here depends largely on ‘fossil’ groundwater (Zone C, L.UER aquifer) mostly derived from the Pleistocene. Attempts to carry out desert agriculture with abstraction of this ‘fossil’ groundwater might cause the extinction of the Muqshin pools.     

Uncertainty Analysis of Mound Monitoring for Recharged Water from Surface Spreading Basins

This study has conceptually reviewed issues related to implementation of a groundwater mound monitoring well (GMMW) for monitoring recharged water from a surface spreading basin with emphasis on uncertain hydrogeological conditions. For this, we selected a recharge site in the City of Mesa, Ariz., that is characterized with near-surface clay lenses of low permeability. A geostatistical simulation technique was used for generating hydrogeological fields under the recharge basin, using soil boring logs and historical hydrological data. More than 50 hydrogeological fields were generated and used for modeling. Five scenarios were formulated with varying parameter values and different initial and boundary conditions, and each scenario was evaluated with the 50 hydrogeological fields generated. Results of this study indicate that travel times to the mound may vary by over one order of magnitude and the use of a GMMW will only be practical for regulatory compliance in a homogeneous system.